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Renaissance scholar and one of the early humanists. One of the early developers for the Italian language, his poetry influenced and shaped the renaissance. More importantly, his philosophy combined the Christian philosophy with the classical culture.coined the darka ges which were a period of time between the fall of Rome and the beginning of renaissances
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| Pandemic that swept through Europe, possibly from Asia around the mid-14th century (1350-ish) and killed an estimated 50% of the European population. It is believed to have come from Asia from trading merchant ships and had a profound effect on culture from art to even genocide (killing jews etc). |
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| The exile of Jews from the Kingdom of Judah (Southern Kingdom) TO Babylon. Nebuchadnezzar banished and deported the Jews after the Davidic line (the dynasty of David that had control of the area for 400+ years) had ended. |
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| Jade-green ceramics from China that became popular in Europe in the 17th century and increased trade between Asia and Europe. |
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| Charles the Great, King of the Franks; Leader of the Frankish kingdom (Most of Western Europe from France to Germany). Conquered Italy and was crowned by Pope Leo III as Emperor Augustus. Why is this important? Well, Constantinople was the head of the Byzantine empire (The capital of the Roman Empire, Rome, moved to Constantinople (Modern day Istanbul, Turkey) and was considered the Catholic-Roman-Byzantine empire). Since Charlemagne ruled the Frankish empire, north of Italy and comprised of most of Europe, and got the pope’s blessing after conquering Italy, this was considered a slap in the face to the catholic Byzantine leader. Anyway, I digress. Charlemagne is considered the father of Europe because he reunited the whole area. |
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| Major piece of French literature that is considered the oldest surviving, known piece. Details the exploits of Charlemagne’s army and how they were ambushed in Northern Spain coming back from one of their battles. It is seen as an important piece of French identity (think of the cultural value of the Star spangled banner to the US) and is also considered a valid piece of primary source material as an historical account of one of Charlemagne’s battles |
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| Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in the 10th century; King of Germany and Italy in the puzzle piece remnants of Charlemagne’s empire. Ushered in a small renaissance of art and culture and strengthened the ties between the church and the state |
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| Chinese dynasty that ruled from 960-1279 and made major contributions including gunpowder, paper money, use of a compass and development of a standing navy |
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| From approx mid 13th century to the 19th where the earth saw a period of unstable, unpredictable cold weather spats where the glaciers expanded. |
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| Prevented moveable type and the printing press. This enabled books and other works to be printed for mass production. (The first book printed was the bible) His invention enabled book production, which helped spread ideas making the renaissance possible. |
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| drafted by Charlemagne’s grandsons which split his kingdom in three areas that we now know as germany, france and italy; the effects of which were still felt up until WWI. |
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