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Exam #3: Prokaryotes
Evolution and Identity of Prokarya
26
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
10/18/2014

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Term
Proteobacteria
Definition
Gram-Negative
Chemoheterotrophic
Term
Pelagibacter ubique
Definition
Alphaproteobacteria
Discovered by FISH technique
20% of prokaryotes in ocean
.5% of all prokaryotes
1,354 genes
Term
Rickettsia
Definition
Alphaproteobacteria
Arthropodborne
Spotted Fevers
Typhous, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Term
Rhizobium
Definition
Alphaproteobacteria
Nitrogen-fixing (N2 to NH3)
Form Root nodules (mutualism with plants)
Term
Acetobacter
Definition
Alphaproteobacteria
Term
Thiobacillus
Definition
Betaproteobacteria
Chemoautotroph
Oxidize Sulfur (H2S -> (SO4)2-
Term
Bordetella
Definition
Betaproteobacteria
Chemoheterotrophic
Rod-Shape
B. pertussis
Term
Pseudomonas
Definition
Gammaproteobacteria
Opportunistic Pathogen
Metabolically Diverse
Polar Flagella
Term
Legionella
Definition
Gammaproteobacteria
Found in streams, water pipes, cooling towers
L. pneumophilia
Term
Coxiella
Definition
Gammaproteobacteria
Q Fever transmitted by aerosols or milk
Term
Vibrio cholerae
Definition
Gammaproteobacteria
Found in coastal waters
Causes cholera
Term
Enterobacteriales
Definition
Gammaproteobacteria
Petrichous flagella
Facultative Anaerobes
Large group including salmonella, E. coli, shigella, Yersinia (plague)
Term
Desulfovibrionales
Definition
Deltaproteobacteria
Sulfur instead of O2 as final electron acceptor
Term
Campylobacter
Definition
Epsiolonproteobacteria
One polar flagellum
Gastroenteritis
Term
Helicobacter
Definition
Epsiolonproteobacteria
Multiple flagella
Peptic Ulcer
Stomach cancer
Term
Clostridium
Definition
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Endospore Producing
Obligate Anaerobes
Botulism
Term
Bacillus
Definition
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Endospore producing
Rod Shape
Term
Staphylococcus
Definition
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Clustered Cocci
Term
Lactobacillales
Lactobacillus/Streptococcus
Definition
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Term
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Definition
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Cause walking pneumonia
Wall-less
Pleomorphic
Term
Actinobacteria
Definition
Gram Positive Group
High G+C content
Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Streptomyces
Term
Chlamydia trachomatis
Definition
Trachoma
STI, urethritis
48-hour life cycle including being consumed by a host cell
Term
Bacteroides
Definition
Non-proteo gram-negative bacteria
Found in mouth and large intestines
Term
Hyperthermophiles
Definition
Pyrodictium
Sulfolobus
High-Temperature Archaea
Term
Methanogens
Definition
Methanobacterium
Methane Producing Archaea
Term
Extreme Halophiles
Definition
Halobacterium
Thrive in highly saline conditions
Archaea
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