Term
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Definition
| Multiple genes involved :shyness, introversion, neurological issues; developmental problems; environmental problems - interpersonal isolation & stress |
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Term
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Definition
| 1% of US pop affected, 1% of world pop affected; $65 billion spent annually on treatment; complete remission is rare |
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Term
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Definition
| Spectrum of dysfunctions, delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, behavior & affect/emotions |
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Term
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Definition
| Believed all mental illnesses are biologically based; schizophrenia = catastrophic + hysteria + paranoid; believed schizophrenia started early & left people mentally weak & vulnerable; coined term "manic depression" & "dementia" |
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Term
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Definition
| Hired Kraepelin - focused on introspection, taught empirical research process & how to observe, describe & track disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychoanalysis - dysfunction in relation to norms; influenced everything in psychology up until 1960 |
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Term
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Definition
| Believed mental illness is biological & psychological |
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Term
| 1960s Treatment to Disorders |
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Definition
| Neuroleptics emerged, disorders began being biologically treated - primarily by meds, behavior therapy took over as main psychological perspective (Skinner) |
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Term
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Definition
| Developmental "risk factor" model of schizophrenia: susceptibility of multiple genes & Early cerebral hazards --> childhood antecedents --> Social adversity + drug abuse = Schizophrenia |
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Term
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Definition
| Developmental delays, blood problems, physiological issues |
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Term
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Definition
| Different for different patients, patients usually not violent except in cases of paranoid schizophrenia patients |
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Term
| 3 Types/Classes of Symptoms (Schizophrenia) |
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Definition
| 1. Positive: hallucinations (self talk; 2. Negative: absence of something - abolition (w/o motivation or will to do something), alogia (mute, "w/o words") & flat affect/emotion ("w/o emotion", mono-toned, can't express feelings); 3. Disorganized: speech, inappropriate affect, behavior - catatonia & extreme withdrawal (waxy flexibility, can mold another's posture & they completely maintain & submit |
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Term
| Schizophrenia Criteria for Types (Schizophrenia) |
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Definition
| Paranoid - extreme suspiciousness, preoccupation w/ delusional system; Disorganized - speech, behavior, emotional inappropriateness.flatness; Catatonic - extreme withdrawal, periodic muscle flexibility (waxy or stupor - hold 1 position), echolodia (mimic speech), echopraxia (mimic behavior/actions); Undifferentiated - get some type of every symptom so can't categorize; Residual Type - after treatment, major signs decreased but still evidence of disturbance |
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Term
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Definition
| Combination of drugs & psychotherapy; reteach how to interact w/ others |
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Term
| Schizophreniform Disorder |
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Definition
| 1 month of classic symptoms, but episodic; prevalent in 0.2% of pop |
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Term
| Schizophrenia Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
| 2/5 symptoms within past 6 months (1 month where symptoms present day & night): delusions, hallucinations, disorganized/incoherent speech, disorganized behavior |
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Term
| Etiology of Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| Gene action & brain abnormalities - focus research on drugs that help patients; life expectancy is shorter than normal; male onset: decreases w/ age, but increases after 36 years old; female onset: high before age 36, respond better to treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| Major depressive or manic episode cycling |
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Term
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Definition
| Persistent belief absolutely contrary to reality & eroto-mania - patient believes they are super sexy & that dominates everything |
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Term
| Schizophrenia Development (Course Phases) |
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Definition
| Premorbid: childhood markers; Prodromal: slow deterioration before symptoms become apparent; Chronic/Residual Symptoms; Remission: rare |
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Term
| Genetic Influences (Schizophrenia) |
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Definition
| Family, twins raised together & separately, & adoption studies |
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Term
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Definition
| Risk of developing Schizophrenia data: if environment is solely responsible, there should be little differences between prevalence in identical & fraternal twins; if genes are solely responsible, both identical twins should have schizophrenia; approx 50% genetics vs. 50% environment & other causes |
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Term
| Neurological Influences (Schizophrenia) |
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Definition
| Theory: Dopamine system is "too active"; brain structures: size of ventricles; early intrauterine environment; birth complications; obstetrical complications; fetal exposure to infections, etc |
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Term
| Psychological/Social Influences (Schizophrenia) |
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Definition
| Role of stress, families, relapse |
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Term
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Definition
| Insulin shock, psychosurgery, ECT, antipsychotic meds (high variability), psychosocial treatments; Combination Treatment is optimal |
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