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Exam 3
Exam 3
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2011

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Cards

Term
Cognition
Definition
Thinking, or manipulating and transforming info into memory
Term
Topics of cognitive study
Definition
mental activities associated with knowing remembering, attending, judging, solving, and communicating
Term
Theme of cognition
Definition
Conservation of energy, (shortcuts)
Term
Mental image
Definition
pictures, presentations
Help organize info
Term
prototype
Definition
speeds sorting into categories
speeds up/ guides problem solving
Term
Problem solving
Definition
thinking and behaving in ways to reach goals
Term
Trial and error
Definition
Technique to problem solving
Try different ways until one works
A.K.A. mechanical
Term
Algorithms
Definition
Technique to problem solving
step by step method that guarantees a solution (labor intensive)
Term
Heuristics
Definition
Technique to problem solving
Fast, but prone to errors
educated guess based on past experience
Term
insight
Definition
Technique to problem solving
solution comes suddenly
(AHa! moment)
Term
creativity
Definition
Technique to problem solving
ability to combine behaviors and ideas in new ways
(think outside the box)
Term
Conformation bias
Definition
Hinders problem solving
Tendency to search for information that backs what we already think or believe, and ignore the rest
Term
Mental set
Definition
type of fixation
Hinders problem solving
tendency to approach problems only one way
Term
Functional Fixedness
Definition
type of fixation
Hinders problem solving
tendency to think of things only in their usual function
Term
Representative heuristic
Definition
judging how likely someone is by how well it represents a prototype
Term
Availability Heuristic
Definition
The more likely we think something will happen, it is easier to think of an example
Term
Overconfidence
Definition
over estimate our accuracy
Term
The Belief Perseverance Phenomenon
Definition
Tendency to cling to initial conceptions , even after the basis on which they were formed has been dis credited.
Term
What are psychologists that study cognition
Definition
Cognitive psychologist
Cognitive neuro psychologist
Term
Who is HM?
Definition
Radical experiment to stop seizures in 1953
Left IQ and personality intact along with limited problems with memory
Term
g factor
Definition
The single for mental ability assumed
Term
fluid intelligence
Definition
reflects info -processing capabilities, reasoning, and memory
Term
Crystallized intelligence
Definition
the accumulation of skills that are used for experience
Term
Practical intelligence
Definition
related to overall success in living
Term
IQ
Definition
intelligence quotient
Term
Mental age
Definition
avg. age of of individuals who achieve a particular performance level
Term
reliability
Definition
The property by which tests measure consistently what they are trying to measure
Term
validity
Definition
The property by which test actually measure what they are supposed to
Term
achievement test
Definition
determine a persons level of knowledge
Term
aptitude test
Definition
predict where a person should pursue a career
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