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Exam #1
Anatomy, Menstruation, Birth Control, Pregnancy and Child Birth, Abortion
48
Women's & Gender Studies
Undergraduate 2
10/05/2009

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Cards

Term
Penis
Definition

used for urination and reproduction

made up of tissue no muscle

Term
Scrotum
Definition

muscular sac that keeps testicles at optimum body temp for sperm (5 degrees below normal body temp)

 

Term
Testis
Definition
two paired oval structures that produce male hormones such as testosterone and sperm
Term
Epididymis
Definition

storage and maturing facility for sperm

can stay here for several weeks

Term
Ductus Deferens or Vas Deferens
Definition
transports sperm from epididymis to urethra
Term
seminal vesicle
Definition
produce fluid to provide nutritional support for sperm on their journey
Term

bulbourethral gland

(coupers gland)

Definition
releases pre-ejaculatory fluid
Term
Urethra
Definition
thin passage way for urination and sperm to leave body
Term
Labium Majus
Definition
outer lips of vagina that serve as protection
Term
Labium Minus
Definition
inner lips of vagina that protect urethra and vagina opening
Term
Clitoris
Definition
a bundle of nerve endings under clitoral hood for pleasure
Term
Urethral Orifice
Definition
urine leaves the body
Term
vaginal orifice
Definition
entrance way to vagina
Term
Hymen
Definition
thin membrane that covers vaginal opening some girls have it at birth. it protects vagina until ruptured.
Term
Perenium
Definition
sensitive area between vagina and anus that is often cut during child birth (episiotomy)
Term
PC Muscles
Definition
muscles around vagina
Term
Kegal Excercises
Definition
contraction of pc muscles that help with urinary incontinence, ease of labor and better orgasms
Term
Phases of Menstrual Cycle
Definition

1. Follicular- longest phase (10-14 days)

2. Ovulatory

3.Luteal

4. Menstrual

Term
Menanche
Definition
a girls first menstrual cycle
Term
Estrogen
Definition
hormone responsible for development of secondary sex characteristics
Term
Dysmenorhea
Definition
pain associated with menstruation (cramps)
Term
Secondary Amenorhea
Definition
A women that had her period but no longer has it
Term
Follicular Phase
Definition
stimulates immature eggs to mature
Term
Ovulatory Phase
Definition
mature egg released into fallopian tube
Term
Primary Amenorhea
Definition
absence of a monthly menstrual flow
Term
Male Sterilization (Vasectomy)
Definition
a surgical form of birth control where the vas deferens is cut and prevents sperm from entering semen.
Term
Female Sterilization (Tubal Ligation)
Definition
a surgical form of birth control that closes the fallopian tube so that an egg cannot travel to uterus and cannot be fertilized by sperm.
Term
Depo-provera (the shot)
Definition
a hormone method of birth control that keeps a women from releasing an egg. need shot every twelve weeks
Term
IUD (Intro-uterine Device)
Definition
a hormone and barrier method of birth control  inserted into the uterus that kills sperm and affects uterine lining
Term
The Pill
Definition
a hormone (progesterone and estrogen) form of birth control taken once a day at the same time that prevents ovulation
Term
Male Condom
Definition
a barrier method of birth control that prevents sperm from entering vagina and protects against STD's 
Term
Female Condom
Definition
a barrier method of birth control that prevents sperm from entering uterus and protects against STD's
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
a barrier method of birth control that prevents sperm from entering uterus
Term
cervical cap
Definition
a barrier method of birth control inserted into vaginal that prevents sperm from entering uterus
Term
Fertility awareness method (calender method)
Definition
women tracks menstrual cycle on a calender and predicts when she is ovulating. She doesnt have sex during ovulation period.
Term
Spermicides and sponge
Definition
A barrier method of birth control that uses a  sponge placed over cervix with spermicide on it 
Term
Ortho-Evra (the patch)
Definition
a hormonal method of birth control that enters the blood stream
Term
Nuva Ring
Definition
a hormonal method of birth control inserted into the vagina that injects hormones while thickening cervical mucus
Term
Emergency Contraception
Definition
a hormonal method of birth control that consists of taking two pills within five days of having unprotected sex that prevents fertilization of egg and attachment of the egg to the uteran wall
Term
Indicators of Pregnancy
Definition

missed periods

breast swelling/tenderness

fatigue

nausea (in-balance of hormones)

elevated body temp (minimal) 

mood swings

frequent urination

Term

Amnion


Definition
Fetal sac that envelops the embryo
Term

Amniotic Fluid

Definition

Provides protection, maintains even temperature, provides nourishment for developing embryo, cushions the fetus.


Term

Placenta

Definition

organ the supplies growing fetus with oxygen and nutrients from the maternal bloodstream. Returns waste to the mother for disposal.


Term
Prenatal Testing
Definition

Ultrasound: High frequency sound waves used to project an image of fetus.

Maternal Serum Screening: (15th to 18th weeks) Blood test finger prick

Chorionic Villus sampling: (CVS) (10th-12th weeks) not required for all women detect genetic abnormalities (down syndrome)

Amniocentesis: (15th-18th weeks) Not required for all women detect genetic abnormalities (down syndrome)

Rh Incompatibility: Injection of Rh immune globulin after delivery, during pregnancy, after a miscarriage,after amniocentesis.

Term
Nutritional Recomendations
Definition
increase calorie intake, folic acid, calcium, iron, fluids, no caffeine, weight gain, exercise
Term
Methods of abortion
Definition

Surgical- vacuum aspiration or dilation and curettage 

Medical- 3 steps take pill (mifepristone) misoprostol

ultrasound to confirm terminated pregnancy

Term
Legal Milestones of Abortion
Definition

1973 roe vs wade-abortions are legal until third trimester

1976 hyde amend.-no federal funding for abortions

1989 Webster vs RHS-states can require waiting period or parental consent

1991 Rust vs Sullivan-federally funded clinics cannot provide info about abortions

Term
Rate of abortion
Definition
have decreased!!!
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