Term
|
Definition
| A protective layer external to the plasma membrane in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists; protects the cell and helps maintain its shape. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The membrane that sets a cell off from its surroundings and acts as a selective barrier to the passage of ions and molecules into and out of the cell; consists of a phospholipid bilayer in which are embedded molecules of protein and cholesterol. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1) An atom's central core, containing protons and neutrons. (2) The genetic control center of a eukaryotic cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cell structure consisting of RNA and protein organized into two subunits and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. The ribosomal subunits are constructed in the nucleolus |
|
|
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
smooth ER and rough ER |
|
Definition
| An extensive membranous network in a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome-studded (rough) and ribosome-free (smooth) regions. See also rough ER; smooth ER |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of membranous sacs that modify, store, and ship products of the endoplasmic reticulum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A digestive organelle in eukaryotic cells; contains hydrolytic enzymes that digest the cell's food and wastes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An organelle containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen, producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An organelle in eukaryotic cells where cellular respiration occurs. Enclosed by two concentric membranes, it is where most of the cell's ATP is made. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An organelle found in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic molecules (sugars) from carbon dioxide and water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A membrane-enclosed sac occupying most of the interior of a mature plant cell, having diverse roles in reproduction, growth, and development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A network of protein fibers in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell; includes microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. |
|
|
