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Exam III- Blood, Immune and lymphatic
Jones Bio 242 Bellevue College
133
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/16/2011

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Term

This is a blood protein is important for Blood Osmotic Pressure.

Definition
Albumin
Term

This granulocyte cell produces heparin and histamines.

Definition
Basophils
Term
___is the antibody component of plasma
Definition
Gamma Globulins
Term
This granulocyte cell attacks parasitic worms with digestive enzymes
Definition
Esoinophils
Term

This hormone stimulates Myeloid Stem cells to differentiate into RBCs

Definition
Erythropoietin
Term

This chemical prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Definition
Heparin
Term

You would recieve Vitamin B12 shots to prevent this type of anemia.

Definition
Pernicious anemia
Term

A blood clot that is formed in one vessel and moves to another vessel is known as_____

Definition
Embolus
Term

These blood proteins interact with antigen-antibody complex and cause a chain reaction that results in lysis of a cell.

Definition
Complement
Term

This enzyme is produced by a bacteria and is used as a clot buster.

Definition
Streptokinase
Term

Someone who has HIV (AIDS) would have an WBCs abnormality known as___

Definition
Leukopenia
Term

Anything that can provoke an immune response.

Definition
Antigen
Term

____ Has proteins on the surface known as antigenic determinants.

Definition
Antigen
Term

This chemical is produced by walls of damaged blood vessels and converts plasminogen into plasmin.

Definition
TPA (Tissue Plasminogen Activator)
Term
Clones of activated T helper and T cytotoxic cells are known as
Definition
Effector
Term
This protein is secreted by Plasma Cells and immobilizes antigens
Definition
Antibody (Antibodies)
Term
This enzyme digests fibrin
Definition
Plasmin
Term
Bill has a genetic disease that does not allow his blood to clot.
Definition
Hemophilia
Term
This is a genetic disease that mainly effects males and females are carriers of the gene.
Definition
Hemophilia
Term
B cells and T cells that have not been exposed to an antigen are called ____
Definition
Naive B cells and Naive T cells
Term
A blood clot that stays at the site where it was formed in called____
Definition
Thrombus
Term
This chemical secreted by platelets causes vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation.
Definition
Thromboxane
Term
This blood protein is produced by the liver and converted into blood clot fibers.
Definition
Fibrinogen
Term
After a naive cells encounters an antigen, we say the cell becomes _____.
Definition
Activated
Term
This is a non-granulocyte that can present antigenic determinants in an MHC II receptor.
Definition
Macrophages
Term
This is a non-granulocyte that can present antigenic determinants in both MHC I and MHC II receptor.
Definition
Dendritic Cells
Term
This type of T cell produces chemicals to "call of the attacK".
Definition
Suppresor T8 cells
Term
The cancer of the red bone marrow that generates too many WBC's.
Definition
Leukemia
Term
This lymphatic organ tests the T-cells for immunological or ‘self’ tolerance.
Definition
Thymus
Term
This lympohcyte releases perforin to kill infected cells.
Definition
Effector T cytotoxic cells
Term
Common granulocyte that secretes defensins and is usually first to attack bacteria
Definition
Neutrophils
Term
This type of anemia can be caused by too much radiation
Definition
Aplastic anemia (Hypoplastic)
Term
This types of anemia can be caused by kidney dialysis
Definition
Hemolytic anemia
Term
This anemia is caused by RBCs dying pre-maturely
Definition
Hemolytic anemia
Term
This hormone targets receptors on myeloid stem cells to form RBCs
Definition
Erythropoietin
Term
These cells remain in the circulation after an immune response is over and provide a quick secondary immune response
Definition
Memory cells
Term
The secondary immune response by the memory cells is known as
Definition
Anamnestic
Term
Increase in WBCs count caused by an infection is called___
Definition
Leukocytosis
Term
Two types antigen holding receptors are called___
Definition
MHC
Term
Response generated by the immune system, when it encouters the same microbe for the second or third time.
Definition
Anamnestic
Term
Which activation receptor is found on naive T lymphocytes?
Definition
CD28 activation receptor
Term
Lymphocytes that don't attack cells with 'self' MHC I receptors are known to have immunologic or ____
Definition
Self tolerance
Term
This anemia is caused by damage to red bone marrow due to radiation, virus and etc
Definition
Aplastic (Hypoplastic)
Term
Gives RBCs it red pigment and transports oxygen and CO2 within RBCs
Definition
Hemoglobin
Term
This anemia is caused by too many RBCs
Definition
Polycythemia
Term
Erythroblastosis Fetalis is an abnormality caused by this  Blood factor.
Definition
Rh blood factor
Term
This type of T cell will release perforin
Definition
Killer T8- cell
Term
Chemical which inhibits the activity of thromboxane and reduces platelet aggregation.
Definition
Prostacyclin
Term
Chemical produced by basophils that prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
Definition
Heparin
Term
This T cell is the 'commander and chief" of the immune system because it chemically controls other lymphocytes
Definition
Effector T Helper Cells
Term
Blood type ____ is considered universal donor.
Definition
O
Term
This blood type would have only B antibodies.
Definition
Type A
Term
This chemical is secreted by macrophages. It induces sleep, aches. pain and signals the hypothalamus to raise the body's temperature.
Definition
Interleukin 1
Term
This chemical is secreted by macrophages and destroys blood vessels that supply tumors.
Definition
Tumor Necrosis Factor
Term
This non-granulocyte will kill cells that are virally infected, tumor cells or self cells that fail to have appropriate 'self' receptors.
Definition
Natural Killer Cells
Term
This chemical is secreted by virally infected cells and stimulates neighboring cells to produce antiviral.
Definition
Interferon
Term
Activation receptor found on B cells is:
Definition
CD24
Term
This chemical is released by T Helper cells to  activate naive B cells.
Definition
Interleukin II
Term
This chemical stimulates the production of leukocytes associated with innate immunity.
Definition
Colony stimulating factor (CSF)
Term
Common granulocyte, that is most active in attacking bacteria.
Definition
Neutrophils
Term
This T cell is attacked by the HIV virus resulting in a weak immun system.
Definition
T Helper Cells
Term
This granulocytes is similar to basophils and can be found in the skin.
Definition
Mast Cells
Term
_________stimulates cells of the kidney to produce erythropoietin, which in turn stimulates the myeloid stem cells to produce RBCs.
Definition
Hypoxia
Term
Too much EPO production can cause this type of anemia.
Definition
Polycythemia
Term
Platelets are the fragments of this large cell.
Definition
Megakaryocyte
Term
This abnormailty is caused by too few platelets.
Definition
Thrombocytopenia
Term
Before T lymphocytes can proceed to kill a foreign cell, these two activation receptor have to bind in order co-stimulation to occur.
Definition
CD28 to B7
Term
Frank has hemophilia because hes missing this clotting factor and platelets can't stick to the exposed endothelium  collagen.
Definition
Von Willibrand's Factor
Term
This blood protein helps platelets stick together to form a platelet plug and later it is converted into fibrin.
Definition
Fibrinogen
Term
The production of this clotting factor is inhibted by coumadin
Definition
prothrombin
Term
This anti-coagulant inhibits the liver from using vitamin K to produce clotting proteins
Definition
coumadin
Term
Chemical released by platelets that stimulates damaged blood vessels to grow and repair itself.
Definition
Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)
Term
This clotting factor is produced by the liver if Vitamin K is present.
Definition
prothrombin
Term
This enzyme converts fibrinogen into fibrin
Definition
Thrombin
Term
Blood clot is formed by long fibrous strands that weave throughout the platelets and stick to the edges of the tissues, forming a fibrous netting that traps WBCs, RBCs and platelets.
Definition
Fibrin
Term
This type of antibody will not be produced if you encounter the same microbe for the second time.
Definition
IgM
Term
This clotting pathway is triggered by exposing blood to Thromboplastin.
Definition
Extrinsic clotting mechanism
Term
Chemical released by T Helper cells that stimulates activated B cells to multiply and develop into clone cells.
Definition
B Cell Growth Factor (BCGF)
Term
This clotting factor helps platelets stick to the exposed endothelial collagen.
Definition
Von Willibrand's Factor
Term
chemical released by platelets causes vasoconstriction
Definition
Serotonin
Term

This blood type can recieve any type of blood because it has no antibodies.

Definition
Type  AB
Term

This type of anemia overloads the heart and cause hypoxia.

Definition
Polycythemia
Term

This cell has CD4 attachment receptor and binds to an MHC II

Definition
T Helper cells
Term

A newborn baby will have this type of immunity for first 6 months due to antibodies it recieved from the mother via the placenta and milk.

Definition
Naturally acquired passive immunity
Term

This type of antibody does "class switching".

Definition
IgM
Term

Babies have this type of immunity. It has no immune response because there was no exposure to an antigen. Only involves antibodies.

Definition
Naturally acquired passive immunity
Term

This type of immunity occurs when you encounter an wild antigen that stimulates an adaptive immune response. You produce your own antibodies,effector cells and memory cells.

Definition
Naturally acquired active immunity
Term

Each year thousands of people get the flu shot. What type of immunity do they develop?

Definition
Artificially acquired active immunity
Term

To develop this type of immunity you get a shot of someone else's antibodies and it provides short term protection.

Definition
Artifically acquired passive immunity
Term

Chemical produced by T helper that activates B-cells by binding to CD24 activation receptors on B cells.

Definition
Interleukin II
Term

This receptor helps B cells to detect an antigen on a whole foreign cell.

Definition
B-recognition  receptor (also known as B-antigenic receptor)
Term

Which two molecules are produced as by-products of cellular respiration?

Definition
CO2 and H2O
Term

Which molecule is produced when CO2 and H2O are combined?

Definition
H2CO3
Term

The molecule that is produced is an acid, and when it enters the blood plasma (mostly water), the acid dissociates into which two ion?

Definition
H+   and   HCO3-
Term

If sodium bicarbonate should encounter hydrochloric acid, NaHCO3 + HCL, the NaHCO3 would disassociate into which two ions?

Definition
NA+   and   HCO3-
Term

If sodium bicarbonate should encounter hydrochloric acid, NaHCO3 + HCL, the HCL would disassociate into which two ions?

Definition
H+   and   CL-
Term

This surveillance receptor monitors the cells internal environment for infection.

Definition
MHC I
Term

This antibody reaction occurs when foreign cells are made to adhere to one another.

Definition
Agglutination
Term

Interleukin II binds to this receptor in order to activate naive B- cells.

Definition
CD24 activation receptor
Term

This receptor is found on all cells except RBCs and helps determine "self"?

Definition
MHC I
Term

This receptor "presents" a foreign epitope on the surface of the cell from something it phagocytized.

Definition
MHC II surveillance receptor
Term

This type of antibody is found in body secretions (tears, milk, saliva, sweat and etc.)

 

Definition
IgA
Term

This type of antibody can't float free and can mediate allergic reactions and attack parasitic worms.

Definition
IgE
Term

This attachment receptor would be found on T cytotoxic cells, Hypersensitivity cells and Suppressor cells.

Definition
CD8 attachment receptor
Term

This antibody reaction occurs when soluble antigens become insoluble and precipitate out of solution.

Definition
Precipitation
Term

Which receptor on T cells allows it to analyze the antigenic peptide held by the MHC receptor?

Definition
T-recognition receptor
Term

This antibody reaction occurs, leads to lysis or phagocytosis of cellular antigens by group of 20 proteins.

Definition
Complement
Term

Cell that is a clone of effector B cells and produces antibodies.

Definition
Plasma cells
Term

Rh antibodies are this class of antibody and can cross the placenta.

Definition
IgG
Term

Molecule is amphoteric and they can act as either an weak acid or  weak base.

Definition
proteins
Term

This type of antibody is the released on first exposure to an antigen, cannot cross the placenta,represents A and B antibodies.

Definition
IgM
Term

Chemical released by T Helper cells that stimulates Plasma cells to produce more antibodies.

Definition
Gamma Interferon
Term

This type of antibody are the most common and are Rh antibodies that can pass through the placenta.

Definition
IgG
Term

Chemical released by T Helper cells that instructs activated B cells to stop multiplying and differentiate into Plasma cells.

Definition
B Cell Differentiation Factor (BCDG)
Term

Naive T helper cell recognize the foreign epitope but before it can kill it co-stimulation has to occur.

Which activiation receptor on naive T helper cell has to bind with the  B7 activation receptor on the Antigen presenting Cells?

Definition
CD28 activation receptor
Term

This antibody reaction occurs when antibodies bind to and block the activity of a virus or toxins.

Definition
Neutralization
Term

This type of lymphocytes make up the Medulla of lymph nodules.

Definition
Naive B cells and some plasma cells
Term

This type of lymphocytes make up the Cortex of lymph nodules.

Definition
Naive T4 and T8
Term

This lymph organ are cluster of nodules that are found in the intestinal

Definition
Peyer's patches
Term

This lymph organ is loosely grouped nodules found in the mouth.

Definition
Tonsils
Term

This lymph organ is found along lymph vessles, it filters lymph, and has a bean shape.

Definition
Lymph nodes
Term

This lymph organ contains Hassall's corpuscles and turns into fat in the elderly.

Definition
Thymus
Term
This lymph organ is not filled with lymph and is a blood reservoir
Definition
Spleen
Term
This lymph organ consist of red and white pulp.
Definition
Slpeen
Term

_____ pulp is responsible for the immune function of the spleen.

Definition
White pulp
Term

This is the organ where macrophages are in their greatest concentration and destroy senile RBCs.

Definition
Spleen
Term

Andrea has no or few neutrophils a condition known as:

Definition
(Absoultely)  Neutropenic
Term

B cells present the foreign epitope to T helper cells in this receptor.

Definition
MHC II
Term
This receptor is used by B lymphocytes, machorphages and dendritic cells to present an antigen.
Definition
MHC II
Term
This receptor can present an antigen it phagocytized.
Definition
MHC II
Term

If this lymphatic organ were destoryed you would lose large amount of RBCs and iron.

Definition
Spleen
Term

T or F

 

Kidneys increase bicarbonate

Definition
True
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