Term
| Name 8 Aerobic Actinomycetes that were covered in class |
|
Definition
Nocardia
Streptomyces
Dermatophilus
Rhodococcus
Actinomadura
Nocardiopsis
Gordonia
Tsukamurella |
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Term
| How would you describe the gram stain of Aerobic Actinomycetes? |
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Definition
GP filamentous rods that branch
May fragment into coccobacillary or coccoid forms |
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Term
| What are Aerobic Actinomycetes inhibited by? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| At what temperature do MOST Aerobic Actinomycetes grow? |
|
Definition
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Term
| At what temperature do Many Pathogenic Aerobic Actinomycetes grow? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| For how long do you incubate Aerobic Actinomycetes? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the smell that is often attributed to Aerobic Actinomycetes? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the 2 most pathogenic species of Nocardia? |
|
Definition
N. asteroides
N. brasiliensis |
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|
Term
| How is the GS of Nocardia different from other types of Aerobic Actinomycetes? |
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Definition
| May stain irregularly & appear beaded as well as GP branching filamentous rods |
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Term
| Modified Acid-Fast Stain - What is Nocardia considered? |
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Definition
| Partially acid fast (Reddish-Purple filament) |
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Term
| Which species of Nocardia is most often the cause of Nocardiosis? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What type of patient is usually the victim of Nocardiosis? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Not including Nocardiosis, what other disease is attributed to Nocardia species? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 types of Mycetoma and how do they differ? |
|
Definition
Eumycotic - Fungal
Actinomycotic - Aerobic actinomycetes |
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|
Term
| How does one usually acquire Mycetoma? |
|
Definition
| MO usually implanted into skin or tissue through trauma |
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Term
| What is a key attribute of Mycetoma? |
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Definition
| Granules (clumps of organisms) may be present |
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|
Term
Finish this line:
If branching GPR are present, ___ _____ _____ _____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
Given the Identification test results give the MO:
Nonmotile
Catalase +
Lysozyme Resistance
Decomposition (hydrolysis) tests |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What does a Susceptible MO look like when the Lysozyme resistance test is run? |
|
Definition
Growth in the control tube (no lysozyme)
No growth in the Lysozyme Tube |
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|
Term
| What does a Resistant MO look like when the Lysozyme resistance test is run? |
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Definition
| Turbidity is the same in both tubes |
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|
Term
| With the Decomposition (hydrolysis) test what will a positive result look like? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| With the Decomposition (hydrolysis) test what will a negative result look like? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the most commonly isolated Streptomyces? |
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Definition
| S. anulatus (formerly S. griseus) |
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Term
| With Dimorphic fungi, at what temperature do yeasts form? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| With Dimorphic fungi, at what temperature do molds form? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
True or False:
All fungal media should contain antibacterial agents |
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Definition
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Term
| Name an antifungal agent added to some fungal media, covered in General Mycology, that inhibits contaminating fungi |
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Definition
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|
Term
What are the following considered:
Sab's
BHI
SABHI
IMA |
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Definition
| Examples of Media used for general mycology |
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Term
| In the IMA, Inhibitory Mold Agar, what is inhibited by choloramphenicol & gentamicin? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| In the IMA, Inhibitory Mold Agar, are Fungi inhibited? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the Pro of using a Tube vs. a Plate? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the Con of using a Tube vs. a Plate? |
|
Definition
| More difficult for subculturing |
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|
Term
What is the best specimen for the following:
Sputum |
|
Definition
| 1st AM Specimen for 3 successive days |
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|
Term
What is the best specimen for the following:
Urine |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What is the best specimen for the following:
Wounds/Ttissue |
|
Definition
Want material from deep in tissue
Want to minimize contamination |
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|
Term
| What is a poor wounds/tissue specimen? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| At what temperature should you store Sputum if necessary? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
True or False:
You should process using as much sputum specimen as possible (0.5 mL) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Which specimen goes with the following:
Include at least one medium with clycloheximide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which specimen goes with the following:
Need antibiotic containing media since specimen is often contaminated with GNB |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which specimen goes with the following:
Include at least one medium with clycloheximide & antibacterial agents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the storage conditions for Urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the process for Urine Specimens? |
|
Definition
| Centrifuge & use sediment |
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|
Term
| What is the process for Wounds/Tissue Specimens? |
|
Definition
Mince; Don't Grind
Stomacher - Tissue in broth suspension |
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|
Term
| With Mycology Samples, should you mince or grind Wounds/Tissue Specimens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With Mycobacteria Samples, should you mince or grind Wounds/Tissue Specimens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the typical Incubation temperature for mycology, in general? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the typical Incubation time for mycology, in general? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the procedure for the Tease Mount? |
|
Definition
| Organism + LactoPhenol Aniline (Cotton) Blue (LPBC) |
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|
Term
| Tease Mount - What does Phenol Do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tease Mount - What does Lactic Acid Do? |
|
Definition
| Preserves Fungal Structures |
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|
Term
| Tease Mount - What does Cotton Blue Stain? |
|
Definition
| The Chitin in the Cell Wall |
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|
Term
| What are the advantages of using the Scotch Tape Preparation? |
|
Definition
Inexpensive
Easy
Preserves Spore Arrangements |
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|
Term
| What is the Disadvantage of the Tease Mount? |
|
Definition
| Often disrupts spore arrangements (May not be able to identify with this method) |
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|
Term
| What is the Disadvantage of the Microslide Culture / Slide Culture Method? |
|
Definition
| Can't use with certain pathogens - Too Dangerous |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Hyphae |
|
Definition
| Long strands of cells (tubular filaments develop from spores) |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Septate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Nonseptate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Mycelium |
|
Definition
| Many hyphae intertwined to form a thick mat |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Vegetative hyphae |
|
Definition
| Food-absorbing portion of the hyphae; grow into the agar |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Aerial hyphae |
|
Definition
| Above the surface. Usually support reproductive structures |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Conidia |
|
Definition
| Nonmotile, asexual reproductive structure, usually separates from the parents |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Conidiophore |
|
Definition
| Stalk on which conidia develop |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Microconidia |
|
Definition
| Small, unicellular spores. Shape varies |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Macroconidia |
|
Definition
| Large, usually multiseptate; club or spindle shaped |
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|
Term
| What is another name for Conidia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Arthroconidia |
|
Definition
| Spores formed directly from the hyphae by fragmentation thorough the points of septation |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Chlamydospores |
|
Definition
| Round, thick-walled resistant spores |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Blastoconidia |
|
Definition
| Found in yeasts; produced by budding with the daughter cells being pinched off from portions of the mother cell |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Pseudohyphae |
|
Definition
| Filaments that are constricted at the point of attachment |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Hyaline |
|
Definition
| Lightly pigmented when observed under the microscope. Includes shades of blue and green |
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|
Term
Define the following:
Dematiaceous |
|
Definition
| Hyphae & Conidia appear black microscopically |
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|
Term
| How do/will Arthroconidia appear? |
|
Definition
| Rectangular, square, or barrel-shaped. Thick-walled |
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|
Term
| What is another name for Arthroconidia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an example of an Arthroconidia organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a Chlamydospores organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 Types of Mycosis (Clinical) classifications? |
|
Definition
Opportunistic
Systemic
Subcutaneous
Superficial |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 Types of Morphology classifications? |
|
Definition
Mold v. Yeast
Septate v. Nonseptate
Hyaline v. Dematiaceous |
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|
Term
| At what temperature should you store CSF specimens? |
|
Definition
| RT or in 30 degrees Celsius Incubator |
|
|
Term
True or False:
You should inoculate CSF ASAP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 ways of processing CSF specimens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you Centrifuge CSF specimens what do you use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you filter CSF specimens? |
|
Definition
| Place membrane filter on medium |
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|
Term
Which specimen goes with the following:
No antibacterial or antifungal agents in the media |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Cryptococcus neoformans is inhibited by cycloheximide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which specimen goes with the following:
Use media with antibiotics & cycloheximide agents |
|
Definition
| Hair, Skin, and Nail scrapings |
|
|
Term
| How do you transport Hair, Skin, and Nail scrapings? |
|
Definition
| Place in sterile petri dish or paper envelope |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Blood may be received in isolator tube, Myco F lytic culture vial (BACTEC), &/or Bact/Alert MB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other specimens that you may receive for Mycology? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Proteinaceous (cellular) material |
|
|
Term
| With the GMS stain what color is the background? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With the GMS stain what color do the fungi stain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wwith the PAS, what color do the fungi stain? |
|
Definition
| Bright red to purplish red |
|
|
Term
| What are the 7 stains that are typically used or can be used for mycology specimens? |
|
Definition
KOH
Calcofluor White
India Ink Prep
GMS
PAS
Giemsa/Wright
Gram |
|
|
Term
| What can the gram stain detect for Mycology specimens? |
|
Definition
|
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