Term
| acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) |
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Definition
| respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury; symptoms include dyspnea, tachypnea and cyanosis |
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Term
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Definition
| respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath; caused by constriction and inflammation of airways that is reversible between attacks |
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Term
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
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Definition
| progressive lung disease restricting airflow, making breathing difficult; chronic bronchitis and emphysema are two main components of it; mostly caused by cigarettes |
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Term
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Definition
| fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body (aka valley fever or cocci) |
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Term
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Definition
| serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders like emphysema |
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Term
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Definition
| condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness and stridor occurs mainly in children (aka laryngotracheobronchitis) |
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Term
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Definition
| hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency and other symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| one part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury to the nasal septum |
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Term
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Definition
| stretching of lung tissue caused by the alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity and as a result, the body does not recieve enough oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| nosebleed (aka rhinorrhagia) |
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Term
| idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) |
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Definition
| chronic progressive lung disorder characterized by increasing scarring, which ultimately reduces the capacity of the lungs- etiology unknown |
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Term
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Definition
| highly contagious and often severe viral infection of the respiratory tract |
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Term
| obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) |
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Definition
| repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to absence of breathing; can produce daytime drowsiness and high blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by an acute crowing inspiration, or whoop |
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Term
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Definition
| fluid in the pleural space caused by a disease process or trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles, most often a manifestation of heart failure |
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Term
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Definition
| foreign matter carried to the pulmonary artery and its branches where it blocks circulation to the lungs and can be fatal is of sufficient size or number; blood clots broken loose from the deep veins of the lower extremities are most common source of emboli |
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Term
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Definition
| infectious bacterial disease, most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs |
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Term
| upper respiratory infection (URI) |
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Definition
| infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx or larynx (aka a cold) |
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Term
| ventilation-perfusion scanning (VPS) |
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Definition
| nuc. med. procedure performed by inhaling (V) and injecting (P) a radionuclide into an artery to show how well inhaled air is distributed |
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Term
| acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear |
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Definition
| test performed on sputum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which cause TB |
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Term
| arterial blood gases (ABG's) |
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Definition
| test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide and acidity |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of listening for sounds within the body through a stethoscope |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of tapping a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of the part beneath by the sound obtained |
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Term
| purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test |
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Definition
| test performed on individuals who have recently been exposed to TB; PPD of the tuberculin bacillus is injected intradermally; positive tests indicate exposure- not necessarily active TB |
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Term
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Definition
| to withdraw fluid or suction fluid; also to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract |
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Term
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Definition
| discontinuous sounds heard primarily with a stethoscope during inspiration that resemble the sound of rustling cellophane (aka rales) |
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Term
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Definition
| ventilation of the lungs beyond normal body needs |
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Term
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Definition
| containing both mucus and pus |
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Term
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Definition
| an infection acquired during hospitilization |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| open; the opposite of closed or compromised, thus allowing passage of air through the trachea and bronchi (can be applied to any tubular passageway in the body) |
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Term
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Definition
| low-pitched, with a snoring quality, breath sounds heard with a stethoscope suggesting secretions in the large airways |
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Term
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Definition
| mucus secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth |
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Term
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Definition
| harsh, high-pitched breath sound heard on inspiration; indicates an acute laryngeal obstruction |
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