Term
These are parts of?
Cell body
Dendrites-receives info, passes messages
Axons-branch at their end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stimulates depolarization of neuron which is transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is neuronal transmission done for an UNmylenated neuron? |
|
Definition
| Along the axon (Na rushes in axon, + charge changes and channels nearby open so more Na can rush in. passes down the axon |
|
|
Term
| How is neuronal transmission done for an mylenated neuron? |
|
Definition
| by saltatory conduction. AP generated by sum of all membrane potentials on dendrite or cell body. 2 types: stimulatory/inhibitory. Then synaptic integration. Nerve terminal reached. |
|
|
Term
| Types of graded membrane potentials in myelinated neuron transmission |
|
Definition
Stimulatory: allows influx of Na and Ca
Inhibitory: allows influx of Cl- |
|
|
Term
| In a myelinated action potential: what happens if the sum of all graded membrane potentials (exc + inh) is high enuf |
|
Definition
| an action potential is started. |
|
|
Term
| What happens when the impulse in a myelinated axon reaches the axon terminal? |
|
Definition
| Depolarization opens voltage gated Ca+ channels and allows Ca+influx: triggers synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flow of substances inside the neuron from the soma to the synaptic ending, can also be retrograde |
|
|
Term
What type of neurotranmitters:
Acetylcholine
Glutamate (most common in brain) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What neurotransmitter can cause a breakdown of normal excitatory signals, thus causing hi intracell Ca+ resulting in cell apoptosis/degeneration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of neurotransmitter is the most common inhibitory ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neuropeptides (neurotransmitters) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Monamine type neurotransmitters |
|
Definition
Norepinephrine
Seratonin
Dopamine
Histamine |
|
|
Term
| Wrap around axons to form myelin sheath; gaps in myelination are Nodes of Ranvier, insulates and protects axons from Extracellular environment |
|
Definition
| Schwann cells (support cell of PNS) |
|
|
Term
| Two types of Lower (somatic) Motor Neurons (motor neurons from the spinal cord to skeletal muscle |
|
Definition
Alpha motor neuron
Beta motor neuron |
|
|
Term
| Innervate muscle fibers; Nerve to muscle ratio varies 1:10 fine motor, 1:200 + course motor movement |
|
Definition
| Alpha motor neurons of the Lower Somatic motor neurons |
|
|
Term
| Innervates spindles. Neuromuscular Junction (terminal part of motor nerve, synaptic cleft and end plate of myo. |
|
Definition
| Type of lower somatic motor neurons. |
|
|
Term
| Types of Receptors in PNS |
|
Definition
Cholinergic (nicotinic, muscarinic
Adrenergic (Alpha and beta adrenergic receptors) |
|
|
Term
| Cholinergic receptors are nicotinic where? |
|
Definition
| skeletal myos and post-ganglionic neurons |
|
|
Term
| Two types of muscle fibers alternately distributed |
|
Definition
Type 1: slow twitch fibers "red myo", more dependent on fat catabolism; tonic contractions like weight bearing.
Type 2: fast twitch fibers "white myo", hi dependence on glycogen; rapid phase contractions like suddern movement. |
|
|
Term
| In Type 1 and Type 2 normal skeletal muscle, What determines the fiber type? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do muscle spindles do in a normal skeletal muscle |
|
Definition
Responds to muscle stretch
Maintain muscle Tone |
|
|
Term
| Disintegrating myelin engulfed by the schwann cell and macrophages, inferior myelin replacemnt causing further axonal injury |
|
Definition
| Neuronal injury of PNS: Injured myelin sheath causing segmental demyelination |
|
|
Term
| What happens to an injured myelin sheath in neuronal injury? |
|
Definition
| segmental demyelination; Schwann cell and macrophages engulf it. The myelin that replaces it is inferior, so get more axonal injury. |
|
|
Term
| What happens to a Schwann cell in neuronal injury? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| destruction of the axon with secondary disintegration of myelin sheath > axonal degeneration |
|
Definition
| Axonal injury in PNS neuronal injury |
|
|
Term
| Degeneration of axon distal to axonal injury; new terminals sprout from prox segment and uses the Schwann cell pathway |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Axonal injury: destruction with secondary disintegration of myelin sheath
_degeneration of axon DISTAL to axonal innury, new term sprouts from prox. segment |
|
|
Term
| With axonal injury, if the injury occurs above the hilium, what happens to the axon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In PNS neuronal injury: Denervation atrophy |
|
Definition
decrease in muscle cell numbers (atrophy, weak);
Receptors in denervated fibers spread across muscle membrane
-Fasciculations-spontaneous discharge
-Fibrillations-spontaneous contraction |
|
|
Term
Decrease in muscle cell content
Receptors in denervated fibers spread across muscle membrane (spontaneous discharge or contraction) |
|
Definition
| Denervation atrophy of PNS neuronal injury |
|
|
Term
| Neighboring axons extend sprouts to reinnervate denervated myocytes |
|
Definition
Reinnervation: may lose some fine motor movement,
assumes the myo fiber type of the innervating neuron |
|
|
Term
| Axonal injury of CNS, cranial nerves |
|
Definition
Wallerian degeneration and sprouting
Proper guidance for sprouts is lacking
Neuronal loss-can't be replaced |
|
|
Term
Wallerian degeneration and sprouting
Proper guidance for sprouts is lacking
Neuronal loss-can't be replaced |
|
Definition
| Cranial nerves-axonal injury |
|
|
Term
Neuropathies
Botulism
MG
Postpolio |
|
Definition
| Types of PNS and Neuromuscular Junction Disorders |
|
|
Term
| Sensory or Motor; sensory symptoms associated with single or multiple peripheral nerves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sensory symptoms and deficits associated with a single peripheral nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sensory symptoms and deficits associated with multiple peripheral nerves: symmetric sensory loss affects legs more than arms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ??: botulism, MG, postpolio |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reactivation of latent chicken pox virus in sensory nerve ganglia of spinal cord, secondary to decreased immunity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Affects SENSORY nerve ganglia of spinal cord |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patho: inflammatory response to virus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical: vesicular skin eruption in the distribution of sensory dermatomes, Radicular pain,burning and tingling |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute inflammatory neuropahy: immunologic reaction directed at spinal nerve root and peripheral nerve myelin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reaction directed at spinal nerve root and peripheral nerve myelin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patho: T-cell mediated auto-immune response against myelin; infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages, that then segmentally demyelination. Result: decreased nerve conduction velocity or complete loss of nerve conduction. Inflamm damages axons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lymphocytes migrate thru endoneural vessels and surround nerve fiber, not myelin sheath or axon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Macrophages show up and segmental demylenatin begins, but not into axon yet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Myelin sheath and some axon damage. Muscle begins to develop denervation atrophy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Extensive axon damage. some irreversible; Inflammatory /cytokines also damage axon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Etiology: Ascending paralysis, distal 1st.; autonomic instability, hi protein levels in cerebral spinal fluid. prolonged recovery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Toxins bind to peripheral nerve endings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Toxins binding to peripheral nerve endings block synaptic release of ACh |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical: weakness, blurred vision, dipolopia, dysphasia, paralysis of resp and skeletal muscle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular transmission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Etiology: Genetic, THYMIC abnormalities |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Patho: Antibodies against nicotinic ACh RECEPTORS (muscle and post-ganglionic neurons)-lead to loss of functional AChR:
ACh receptors blocked/destroyed, less myo contraction, affects ocular |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical: weakness first noticed in extrtaocular myos, ptosis and diplopia., Fluctuating weak and fatigued. Improves with rest, AChesterase inhibitors |
|
Definition
| Myasthenia Gravis: dx based on response to Tensilon, presence of antibodies and repetitive single fiber EMG |
|
|
Term
Histology: Loss of post synaptic receptors at motor end plate
antibodies (IgG) to AChR
scattered lymphocytes around motor end plates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Etiology: previous viral polio infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neuronal fatigue, new neuronal loss; original disease caused nerve cell death; neurons that were not affected innervate orphaned myo; remaining had years of hi use and enlarged added stress, these malfunction and permanent weakness occurs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genetic defect that STOPS the formation of dystrophin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disorders of? MD, myotonic dystrophy, toxic myopathies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What anchors the sarcomere to the sarcolemma cell membrane in myocytes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Poorly anchored sarcomeres tear during contraction of acrin and mycin linking. regenerative myo is defective so makes it worse |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical: starts age 2-5, w/c by 7-12. muscle weakness begins in POSTURAL myos (pelvic and shoulder), delayed sitting/walking, clumsiness/falling. later myo atophy, severe wasting, contractures, heart failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Histology: degeneration, necrosis and phagocytosis of muscle fibers. fat and connective tissue replace the myo fibers; cognitive impairment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Postural muscles involved (pelvic, shoulders) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| elevated CK, serum creatinine kinase levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patho: Genetic defect diminishes the amount of dystrophin and molecular weight; allows anchorage of myo to cell membrane but genetic alterations impair long term function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical: begins late child or teen, progresses slowly, PROXIMAL myo weak, cardiac disease, altered dystrophin size |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proximal Muscle involvement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sustained involuntary contraction of a group of myos with delayed rx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nucleotide CTG repeats itself, next generation repeats increase and symptoms start younger |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Protein levels in myo alter muscle fiber structure and function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical: weak and wasting of voluntary myos of face, neck and distal arm/legs. involuntary contracition of myos, with delayed relaxing; atrophy of myos of face, ptosis and cataracts; |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Histology: variation in muscle fiber size, degeneratin, necrosis, phagocytosis of myo fibers; changes in MUSCLE SPINDLE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 31 pairs of spinal nerves, both sensory and motor, supplies and receives info |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cell bodies are located in plexus/ganglia near the spinal cord? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Responsible for voluntary fine motor movement; synapse with alpha motor neuron |
|
Definition
| Corticospinal tract: part of pyramidal upper motor neurons |
|
|
Term
| Upper Motor Neurons: Motor system |
|
Definition
Cerebella
Pyramidal (corticospinal tract, corticobulbar tract,
extrapyramidal tract |
|
|
Term
| Cell bodies originate in cerebral cortex and go down the brain and cord WITHOUT synapsing in basal ganglia: synapse with Alpha motor neurons; responsible for fine motor movement |
|
Definition
| Corticospinal tract (part of pyramidal motor system) |
|
|
Term
| Cell bodies originate in cerebral cortex and go down brainstem and synapse with motor nuclie of cranial nerves; Fine motor movement, controls face and tongue |
|
Definition
| Corticobulbar tract of pyramidal part of motor system of upper motor neurons |
|
|
Term
| cell bodies originate in different parts of brain and synapse IN basal ganglia. Neurons descend down brain and spinal tract; Regulates VOLUNtary movement, INVOLuntary gross body movements; maintains posture |
|
Definition
| Extrapyramidal tract of Pyramidal tract of Motor System: upper motor neurons |
|
|
Term
| Fibers pass directly into the DORSAl COLUMN of the cord and goes up same side: medulla>thalamus>cerebral cortex |
|
Definition
| Sensations of position and vibration and fine touch |
|
|
Term
| Sensations of position and vibration and fine touch pass ? |
|
Definition
| dorsal column, up same side, medulla, thalamus, cortex |
|
|
Term
| Sensations of pain and temp to DORSAL HORN, |
|
Definition
| synapse with secondary neuron in cord, cross opposite and goes up to LATERAL spinothalamic tract>thalamus>cortex |
|
|
Term
| sensations of crude touch and pressure pass to |
|
Definition
| DORSAL HORN, synapse with seond nuron in cord, CROSS over , go up anterior spinothalamic tract to thalamus>cortex |
|
|
Term
| General quality of sensation at thalamic level is perceived at what level, and what level makes fine distinctions? |
|
Definition
| general thalamac, fine distinctions made in cortex (homunculus) |
|
|
Term
| How pain becomes conscious |
|
Definition
Nociception
1) transuction
2) transmission
3) perception of pain
4) Modulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bare sensory endings for pain |
|
|
Term
| nociceptors respons to noxious mechanical, hermal, inflamm mediators and start an action potential: Pain impulse; |
|
Definition
| Transduction phase of pain |
|
|
Term
| bradykinin, prostaglandins; substance P, leukotrienes, serotonin |
|
Definition
| Inflammatory mediators of pain |
|
|
Term
| pain impulse travels from A and C peripheral nerve fibers (first order neurons) to DORSAL HORN in cord |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Myelinated nerve fibers that are FAST conducting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unmylinated nerve fibers are SLOW conducting pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First pain travels to dorsal horn in cord; synapses with secondary neuron in cord and CROSSES over; goes up cord thru Lateral spinothalamic and spinoreticular tracts: synapses 3rd to carry info to other brain and cortex; |
|
Definition
| Transmission phase of pain |
|
|
Term
| Reticular system, Thalamus, Somatosensory Cortex, Limbic system |
|
Definition
| Perception of pain in the brain, locations |
|
|
Term
| Sends info to limbic system, integrates the autonomic response |
|
Definition
| Reticular system (part of pain perception) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thalamus-part of pain perception stage |
|
|
Term
| Characterizes and interprets pain |
|
Definition
| Somatosensory Cortex: transmission phase of pain |
|
|
Term
| Emotional and behavioral response to pain |
|
Definition
| Limbic system: Perception of pain phase |
|
|
Term
| Three pathways in the MODULATION phase of pain that INHIBIT pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Descending path to thalamus and periaqueductal gray (PAG) matter, descending path from thalamus to PAG |
|
Definition
Cortex: pathway to inhibit pain transmission
Pain Modulation phase |
|
|
Term
| descending path from thalamus to PAG; periaqueductal gray matter-located in midbrain; sends signals to midline raphe nucleus in medulla |
|
Definition
Cortex: pathway
Pain Modulation phase |
|
|
Term
| raphe nucleus in medulla that sends signal down cord and synapse in dorsal horn to INHIBIT the release of excitatory neurotransmitters of pain |
|
Definition
MIDLINE pathway that inhibits pain
Pain Modulation phase |
|
|
Term
| "gatekeeper", received INHIBItory signals from raphe nucleus; pain can be modulated by stimulation of large sensory afferents from skin that block the impulse and pain |
|
Definition
| DORSAL HORN pathway to inhibit pain transmission; Pain Modulation phase |
|
|
Term
| Modulation of pain pathway neurotransmitters |
|
Definition
| Endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins, seratonin and norepinephrine, GABA |
|
|
Term
| Patho: Peripheral: sensitization of nociceptors; enhanced response to noxious stimulation, newly acquired response to stimuli; damaged or diseases nerve, axonal sprouts, extopic foci that fire, upregulation of receptors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patho: sensitization of second order neurons; triggered by less stimuli, augmented strength of stimulus --summation/windup--prolonged discharge, spontaneous impulse |
|
Definition
| Central NS at dorsal horn, patho of pain |
|
|
Term
| patho: densitization of second neurons; activate more neurons to contuct impulse; loss of inhibitory interneuron activity |
|
Definition
| CND response to pain at dorsal horn |
|
|
Term
Sensitization of third order neurons; reorganization neural connections
altered perception of pain
altered perception of pain |
|
Definition
| Central Brain patho to pain |
|
|
Term
| patho: central gray matter microscopic hemorrhages; white matter axonal edema, decreased perfusion, inflamm response, necrosis and scar tissue forms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical: spinal shock, parapegia or quadraplegia, antunomic dysreflexia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal activity of spinal cord ceases at and below level of injury; complete loss of reflex function (skeletal, bladder, bowel, etc) |
|
Definition
| spinal shock. clinical of spinal trauma |
|
|
Term
| hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system in response to noxious stimulation of sensory receptors below level of the cord lesion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| weakness and degeneration of the annulus fibrosus and pos longitudinal ligament causing bulging or protrusion of nucleus pulposus into spinal cord |
|
Definition
| Herniated intervertebral disk |
|
|
Term
| where do most herniations occur, compromising the spinal nerve root producing pain? |
|
Definition
Posterolatererally
Pain can also be due to irritation, inflammation of dural membranes |
|
|
Term
| Types of spinal cord injuries |
|
Definition
Brown Sequard Syndrome
herniated intervertebral disk |
|
|
Term
| occurs with trauma to or lesions that involve 1/2 the cord, usually cervical area; |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| loss of proprioception on same side as lesion; loss of pain and temp opposite side, Loss of voluntary motor function from corticospinal tract on the same side |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cyst, tumor or trauma that injures the central gray matter of the cord |
|
Definition
| Syringomyelia (central cord syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Loss of motor power and sensation of the level of the lesion; and across shoulders and upper arms for cervical cord lesions |
|
Definition
| syringomyelia, central cord syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cerebral hemispheres and cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital |
|
|
Term
| Parts of brain involved in emotional experiences and survival behavior |
|
Definition
| Limbic System: border around diencephalon, and hippocampus and amygdala |
|
|
Term
| Part of brain important to cognition and emotion |
|
Definition
| Basal Ganglia: includes caudate nucleus and putamen; lies lateral to the thalamus |
|
|
Term
| Anterior, posterior and flocculonodular lobes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| structure surrounding the 3rd ventricle and forming the inner core of the cerebrum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 parts of diencephalon, and form inner core of cerebrum |
|
Definition
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Subthalamus
Pituitary/Pineal body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MIdbrain, pons, medulla, Reticular formation |
|
|
Term
| Collection of nerve cell bodies WITHIN brainstem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| regulates vital reflexes, maintain wakefulness, awareness, alertness and then projects to thalamus |
|
Definition
| Reticular formation (collection of nerve cell bodies WITHIN brainstem) |
|
|
Term
| Protective structures of CNS |
|
Definition
| Cranium, meninges(membranes covering brain and spinal cord); cerebrospinal fluid and ventricular system, CNS blood supply, Blood brain barrier |
|
|
Term
| parts of ? Dura mater; Arachnoid membrane and subarachnoid space, pia mater |
|
Definition
| Meninges-protective part of CNS |
|
|
Term
| Produced by ependymal cells in choroid plexus, reabsorbed into venous circ thru arachnoid villi |
|
Definition
| CSF and ventricular system-protective part of CNS |
|
|
Term
| What regulates blood flow within CNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tight junctions between capillary endothelial cell; encircling astocyte feet; entry of substances from blood into CNS is controlled by ependymal cells in choroid plexuses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What controls entry of substances from the blood into the CNS |
|
Definition
| ependymal cells in the choroid plexuses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neuroglia: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes; microglia |
|
|
Term
| astrocytes; oligodendrocytes, microglia |
|
Definition
| Neuroglia-support cells of the CNS |
|
|
Term
| provides nutritional support to CNS; helps regulate blood flow to provide O2 to neurons; provides structural support to neurons; maintains blood brain barrier; inflamm response to CNS injury; regulates extra cellular conc of neurotransmitters |
|
Definition
| Astrocytes (support cell of the CNS, type of neuroglia) |
|
|
Term
| Participates in response to CNS injury by releasing cytokines, multiplies in #, involved in tissue repair and scar tissue formation |
|
Definition
| Astrocytes (support cell of CNS, type of Neuroglia) |
|
|
Term
| Provides structural support of neurons of CNS |
|
Definition
| Astrocytes (support cell of CNS, type of Neuroglia); also nutritional support, provides O2 if needed |
|
|
Term
| Regulates extracellular concentrations of neurotransmitters in the CNS: help terminate neuronal responses to glutamate |
|
Definition
| Astrocytes (support cell of CNS, type of Neuroglia) |
|
|
Term
| Helps terminate neuronal responses to glutamate in CNS by regulating concentrations of neurotransmitters |
|
Definition
| Astrocytes (support cell of CNS, type of Neuroglia) |
|
|
Term
| Wraps around axons to form myelin sheath |
|
Definition
| Oligodendrocytes-support cell of CNS, type of neuroglia |
|
|
Term
| Oligodendrocytes-support cell of CNS, type of neuroglia: How does it support the CNS? |
|
Definition
| Wraps around axons to form myelin sheath |
|
|
Term
| Phagocytic cells of the brain, acts as the brain immune cells |
|
Definition
| Microglia, type of neuroglia, support cell of CNS |
|
|
Term
| What happens with lowered amounts of dopamine? |
|
Definition
| excitatory signal sent to the motor cortex is replaced with an inhibitory one |
|
|
Term
| overall net effect of corto-basal ganglia loop |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Less production of dopamine, corto-basal ganglia loop is inhibited in what disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If Schwann cell sheath pathway, can re-innervate? |
|
Definition
Yes, in PERIPHERAL system neuronal injury
No Schwann cell sheath, no reinnervate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| less likely to reinnervate, as no pathway formed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new sprouts, Schwann cell sheath pathway used. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| decreased myo contraction from decremental response with repeated stimulation |
|
Definition
| Myasthenia gravis: AChR, destruction of receptors, so ACh not available. |
|
|
Term
| Very high serum creatinine kinase levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Do not have ability to move Na back into the cell and K out with repolarization: why block is there. no depol, get Na into the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glutamate can't move in as no osmotic gradient, in ischemic stroke TOO much glutamate and K out of the cell. K stim more glutamate--stimulates Ca release to depolarizes, get hi Ca in nuron damage |
|
|
Term
| Too much Ca causes neuronal injury in ischemia |
|
Definition
| ischemic stroke: initial loss of cell loss around site of infarction of ischemic stroke: glutamate toxicity |
|
|
Term
| Glutamate stimulates Ca, and Calcium causes? |
|
Definition
| Neuronal death in ischemic stroke |
|
|
Term
| autoimmune attack in peripheral nerve myelin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| problem in brain with mylein |
|
|
Term
| neuritic placque, AMYloid Beta peptid production, and neurofibrillary tangles |
|
Definition
| need ALL three for alzheimers, when breaksdown forms AB ABNORMAL, |
|
|
