Term
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Definition
-body of water flows downslope (on passageway)
-transports detrital particles & dissolved substance
(weather off rocks & landscape)
-transports to ocean |
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Term
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Definition
-channel
-load=material
-discharge=how fast the stream is flowing |
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Term
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Definition
-transportation
-fertile soil=when it floods
-Available water=freshwater |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-hydrologic cycle
-sediment transport |
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Term
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Definition
-stream channels
-measuring the streams
-volume of water moving through channel ↑ downstream
-ratio of channel width to depth changes downstream
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Term
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Definition
-streams channel
-determining long profile=is a line drawn along surface of a stream (from source to mouth)
-curve that ↓ in gradient downstream
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Term
| Long Profile irregularities |
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Definition
not perfectly smooth curve bc gradients
produced by:
-beds of resistant
-landslides
-lava flows
-hydroelectric dams |
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Term
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Definition
-gradient=(m/km) slope
-stream-cross-sectional area=(A;m2) width & average depth
-average velocity=(V;m/s) velocity
-discharge=(Q;m3/s) how much water moving past certain point
-load=(kg/m3) dissolve material being carried |
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Term
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Definition
relationship b/w
-discharge
-velocity
-channel shape
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Term
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Definition
from head to mouth
-discharge ↑
-stream cross-sectional area ↑
-velocity ↑
-gradient ↓ |
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Term
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Definition
stream discharge becomes so great that it exceeds capacity of channel; causing stream to overflow its banks
-hydrograph
-during a flood=velocity ↑ as discharge ↑ resulting in stream carrying
(greater load, larger particles) |
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Term
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Definition
graph that plots stream discharge with time
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Term
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Definition
| quantity of water passing by a point on the steambank in a given interval of time |
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Term
Recurrence Interval
(flood prediction) |
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Definition
-measure of how often a flood at given magnitude is likely to occur
-flood having recurrence interval of 10 years "10- year flood"
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Term
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Definition
-limiting level below which a stream cannot erode the land
-most streams is global sea level |
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Term
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Definition
| -highest velocity segment found near surface in mid-channel |
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Term
Meanders
(common channel pattern) |
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Definition
loop-like bend in a stream channel
while meander upstream migrating more rapidly, intersect the slower moving meander (migrate down)
-point bar
-meanders cut off
-oxbow lake
(picture) |
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Term
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Definition
arcuate deposit of sand or gravel along the inside of bend of meaner loop
(picture) |
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Term
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Definition
cut off meander that is crescent shaped lake
(picture) |
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Term
Braided Channels
(common channel patterns) |
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Definition
channel system conisting of tangled networks of 2 or more smaller branching & reuniting channels, seperated by islands or bars
(found near glaciers)
-high discharge
-lots of sediment
-easily eroded banks |
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Term
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Definition
-bed load
-suspended load
-dissolved load
-placier deposits
-downstream changes |
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Term
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Definition
| course particles move along stream bed |
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Term
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Definition
| fine particles suspended in water |
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Term
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Definition
| streams carry dissolved substances |
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Term
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Definition
deposit of heavy minerals concentrated mechanically
-behind rock bars
-in bedrock holes
-below waterfalls
-inside of meander bed
(density-big part/orginal places of mountains) |
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Term
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Definition
-sediment size decrease
-in mountainous headwaters, rivers transport large boulders
-stream reaches sea, bed load may consist of sediments no coarser than sand
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Term
Floodplain
(stream deposits) |
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Definition
| flat area about level with top of the channel, lies on either side of channel |
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Term
Terraces
(stream deposits) |
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Definition
| erosional remnants of former floodplains, meaning change in baselevel |
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Term
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Definition
location of significant sedimentatiton, where river meets the sea
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Term
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Definition
| area of land, surronded by topographic divides, which all water is directed to single point |
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Term
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Definition
| portion of precitoptation that flows over the land surface |
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Term
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Definition
| measure the vertical distance that a stream channel falls b.w two points a known distance apart along its course |
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Term
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Definition
| water initally tends to move down slope in broad, thin sheets |
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Term
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Definition
| overland flow begins to concentrate into well defined channels |
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Term
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Definition
(eriosion of running water)
waver very slow, water particles travel parrallel layers of motion |
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Term
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Definition
| increasing velocity, the movement becomes more erratic and complex, rise of swirls and eddies |
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