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Exam 3 - Miscellaneous GNB
Exam 3 - Miscellaneous GNB
139
Biology
Undergraduate 3
03/08/2015

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Term
What is the Gram Stain for Legionella?
Definition
Pleomorphic GNB
Term
Are Legionella species Aerobic or Anaerobic?
Definition
Aerobic
Term
How are Legionella species transmitted?
Definition
Airborne
Term
What are the normal habitats for the Legionella species?
Definition
Soil, water, Water cooling towers, showers
Term
What is an infection caused by Legionella called?
Definition
Legionellosis
Term
Legionella pneumophila Acute pneumonia is also known as what?
Definition
Legionnaire's Disease
Term
Legionella pneumophila Nonpneumonia febrile illness is also known as what?
Definition
Pontiac fever
Term
True or False:
Pontiac Fever is associated with "flu-like" symptoms
Definition
True
Term
True or False:
Legionnaire's Disease is associated with High fever/Prostration
Definition
True
Term
What is the most sensitive method for diagnosis of Legionellosis?
Definition
Culture
Term
You should process a potential Legionella specimen within how many minutes?
Definition
30 minutes
Otherwise refrigerate/freeze
Term
You should perform the following when you believe you have what type of MO:
Acid decontamination
Dilue most specimens to dilute out inhibitory substances
Definition
Legionella
Term
Legionella - May use nonselective BCYE only for what type of specimens?
Definition
Aseptically collected
Term
What is on BCYE or BCYE-alpha that the Legionella organism requires?
Definition
Cysteine and Iron
Term
True or False:
Legionella will grow on BA
Definition
False
Term
True or False:
Legionella will NOT grow on BA
Definition
True
Term
True or False:
Legionella needs humidity NOT CO2
Definition
True
Term
How many days does it take to grow Legionella?
Definition
2-5
Observe for 7
Term
Identify the following:
No growth on BA
Growth on BCYE
No growth on BCYE lacking cysteine
Definition
Legionella
Term
How would you confirm the identity of Legionella?
Definition
Nucleic acid probe, DFA, or slide agglutination
Term
Bacterial antigen test detects Legionella pneumophila serogroup _____ antigen in urine
Definition
1
Term
Indirect Fluorescence ABY test is diagnostic use for what?
Definition
L. pneumophila serogroup 1 only
Term
Indirect Fluorescence ABY test for L. pneumophila serogroup 1 only needs what 2 types of sera?
Definition
Acute
Convalescent
Term
What is the Gram Stain for Bordetella?
Definition
Small GN Coccobacilli
Term
What are the 3 Whooping cough stages?
Definition
Catarrhal
Paroxysmal
Convalescent
Term
Which Whooping cough stage is characterized by nonspecific symptoms?
Definition
Catarrhal
Term
Which Whooping cough stage is characterized by whoop on inspiration?
Definition
Paroxysmal
Term
What is the method of choice for direct detection of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis?
Definition
PCR
Term
True or False:
B. pertussis - use a special transport medium if not plated at bedside
Definition
True
Term
True or False:
Generally, B. pertussis will NOT grow on BAP
Definition
True
Term
What are the media that are generally used to culture B. pertussis?
Definition
Bordet-Gengou (Potato-Glycerol-Blood)
Charcoal Blood Agar (Regan-Lowe)
Term
What are the characteristic colonies of Bordetella on Bordet-Gengou?
Definition
Mercury drop colonies
Term
How long may it take for "mercury drop" colonies to form on Bordet-Gengou?
Definition
3 days
Term
What type of incubation does Bordetella need?
Definition
Air
Term
Identify the following:
No Growth on BA
Special B. pertussis agar: Growth
Biochemical tests not helpful
Serological test: DFA or agglutination
Definition
B. pertussis
Term
What is the gram stain of Gardnerella vaginalis?
Definition
Gram variable to GN Coccobacilli
Term
The cell wall of Gardnerella vaginalis has what type of gram characteristic?
Definition
Gram Positive
Term
What is the disease caused by Gardnerella vaginalis that is characterized by foul-smelling vaginal discharge?
Definition
Bacterial vaginosis
Term
True or False:
G. vaginalis is considered normal flora
Definition
True
Term
True or False:
G. vaginalis - male partners generally do not need to be treated
Definition
True
Term
Name 1 other infection caused by G. vaginalis
Definition
Bacteremia
Term
What is the most important test in diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis?
Definition
Direct Exam for Clue Cells
Term
The 4 signs listed below are diagnostic of what disease:
Vaginal pH > 4.5
Thin homogeneous vaginal discharge: milk-like consistency
Presence of clue cells
Positive sniff test: Vaginal secretions + 10% KOH --> fishy smell
Definition
G. vaginalis
Term
True or False:
A culture is not recommended for diagnosing Bacterial vaginosis
Definition
True
Term
True or False:
A culture is appropriate for extravaginal sites
Definition
True
Term
If cultured, what type of hemolysis does G. vaginalis have on the following media:
V agar or HBT
Definition
Beta
Term
If cultured, what type of hemolysis does G. vaginalis have on the following media:
Sheep BA
Definition
Gamma
Term
What type of agar does the following occur on:
G. vaginalis: Purple --> Yellow when substance is hydrolyzed
Definition
Starch Agar
Term
What environment is needed in order to incubate G. vaginalis?
Definition
CO2
35 degrees Celsius
48 hours
Term
What type of growth is attributed to G. vaginalis
Definition
Slow growth/tiny colonies
Term
What is the Gram Stain of Pasteurella multocida?
Definition
Small GNB - Fermentative
Term
What is the normal habitat of Pasteurella multocida?
Definition
Upper respiratory tract of dogs & cats
Term
True or False:
Pasteurella multocida grows well on BA & CHOC
Definition
True
Term
True or False:
Pasteurella multocida does NOT grow well on MAC
Definition
True
Term
What is the characteristic odor of Pasteurella multocida?
Definition
Musty
Term
What is the preferred environment for incubation of Pasteurella multocida?
Definition
Air
35 degrees Celsius
Term
Identify the following:
Oxidase +
Catalse +
Indole +
Definition
Pasteurella multocida
Term
Are Most AACEK aerobes or anaerobes?
Definition
Facultative anaerobes
Term
What do AACEK MOs require?
Definition
CO2 or are stimulated by its presence
Term
Are AACEK MOs fast or slow growing?
Definition
Slow growing
48-72 hours for adequate growth
Term
True or False:
AACEK - No growth on selective enteric agar (MAC or EMB)
Definition
True
Term
True or False:
AACEK - optimal growth on BA or CHOC
Definition
True
Term
Due to AACEK having predilection for attachment to heart valves (usually damaged or prosthetic) they are an important cause of what infection/disease/illness?
Definition
Endocarditis
Term
What are the 2 A organisms in AACEK?
Definition
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Term
What is the C MO in AACEK?
Definition
Cardiobacterium hominis
Term
What is the E MO in AACEK?
Definition
Eikenella corrodens
Term
What is the K MO in AACEK?
Definition
Kingella
Term
Which MO has a colony star-shaped configuration
Definition
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Term
In addition to endocarditis, what else does Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cause?
Definition
periodontitis
Term
Which MO tends to form rosettes on gram stain?
Definition
Cardiobacterium hominis
Term
What do 50% of isolates of Eikenella corrodens do to the agar?
Definition
"Corrode"
Pit it
Term
Which MO is connected with bites or trauma associated with fist fights?
Definition
Eikenella corrodens
Term
Identify the following:
Oxidase +
Catalase =
"Bleach" odor
Definition
Eikenella corrodens
Term
What is the odor that is characterized with Eikenella corrodens?
Definition
Bleach odor
Term
Is Kingella Oxidase Positive or Negative?
Definition
Oxidase Positive
Term
Does Kingella ferment glucose?
Definition
Yes
Term
Which MO goes with the following description:
Propensity for bone & joint infections in young children
Definition
Kingella kingae
Term
Which of the AACEK MOs can grow on MTM?
Definition
Kingella denitrificans
Term
Kingella denitrificans may be confused with what other MO?
Definition
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Term
How do you differentiate Kingella denitrificans from Neisseria gonorrhoeae?
Definition
Catalase Test
Term
Is Kingella denitrificans Catalase Positive or Catalase Negative?
Definition
Catalase Negative
Term
Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae Catalase Positive or Catalase Negative?
Definition
Catalase Positive
Term
What is Capnocytophaga associated with?
Definition
Poor oral health
Term
What is the gram stain of Capnocytophaga?
Definition
Fusiform, filamentous GNB
Term
Is Capnocytophaga fast growing or slow growing?
Definition
Slow growing
2-4 days
Term
True or False:
Capnocytophaga will grow on BAP or CHOC
Definition
True
Term
True or False:
Capnocytophaga will NOT grow on MAC
Definition
True
Term
Is Capnocytophaga aerobic or anaerobic?
Definition
Facultative Anaerobe
Term
What type of motility is characteristic of Capnocytophaga?
Definition
Gliding Motility
Term
Presumptively Identify the following:
Yellow colonies
Fusiform, filamentous GNB
Gliding Motility
Definition
Capnocytophaga
Term
What is the zoonotic Capnocytophaga organism associated with dog/cat bites or contact?
Definition
C. canimorsus
Term
What is the zoonotic Capnocytophaga organism associated with dog bites?
Definition
C. cynodegmi
Term
What is the disease that is attributed to Brucella?
Definition
Brucellosis (Undulant Fever)
Term
Brucella is one cause of what suisillness/disease?
Definition
Fever of Unknown Origin
Term
True or False:
Brucella is a type of Zoonosis
Definition
True
Term
How is Brucella transmitted?
Definition
Meat Packers
Associated with unpasteurized milk
Animals to man
Term
Match the species that infect humans with the animal that they come from:
B. suis
Definition
Swine
Term
Match the species that infect humans with the animal that they come from:
B. abortus
Definition
Cattle
Term
Match the species that infect humans with the animal that they come from:
B. melitensis
Definition
Goats and sheep
Term
Match the species that infect humans with the animal that they come from:
B. canis
Definition
Dogs
Term
Name 2 specimens that Brucella is most often isolated from
Definition
Blood
Bone Marrow
Term
What BSL Level is Brucella?
Definition
BSL-3
Term
True or False:
All Brucella cultures should be taped shut during incubation
Definition
True
Term
What environment is needed for Brucella species?
Definition
CO2
Term
You should hold Brucella Blood Cultures for how many days when using nonautomated BC systems
Definition
30 days
Term
You should hold Brucella Blood Cultures for how many days when using automated BC systems
Definition
10 days
Term
What is the Gram Stain of Brucella?
Definition
GN Coccobacilli;
Appears like "fine sand"
Term
True or False:
Brucella grows quickly on BAP & CHOC
Definition
False
Term
True or False:
Brucella grows slowly on BAP & CHOC
Definition
True
Term
At 48 hours, what does Brucella look like on BAP or CHOC?
Definition
Non-hemolytic
Non-pigmented
Term
What % of Brucella will grow on MAC?
Definition
50%
Term
Is Brucella Oxidase Positive or Negative?
Definition
Oxidase Positive
Term
Is Brucella Urea Positive or Negative?
Definition
Urea Positive
Term
Is Brucella Satellite Positive or Negative?
Definition
Satellite Negative
Term
Is Brucella canis Oxidase Positive or Negative?
Definition
Variable
Term
True or False:
Serology & NAAT can also be used to ID Brucella
Definition
True
Term
Which MO causes Tularemia, aka Rabbit Fever?
Definition
Francisella tularensis
Term
The following clinical syndromes are characteristic of what MO?
Pustule at site of infection
Enlarged lymph nodes
Bacteremia
Pneumonia
Oculoglandular form
Definition
Francisella tularensis
Term
What is the BSL of Francisella tularensis?
Definition
BSL-3
Term
What does Francisella tularensis require in order to be cultured?
Definition
Cystine or cysteine
Term
What is the recommended media for Francisella tularensis?
Definition
Glucose-cysteine blood agar + thiamin
Term
True or False:
Francisella tularensis can grow on CHOC, BCYE, BA, & MTM
Definition
True
Term
Francisella tularensis Contaminated specimens are best cultivated on what type of media?
Definition
MTM
Term
True or False:
Francisella tularensis is uncommonly isolated from blood cultures
Definition
True
Term
Is Francisella tularensis an aerobe or an anaerobe?
Definition
Obligate Aerobe
Term
Is CO2 required for Francisella tularensis to grow?
Definition
No
Term
What is the gram stain of Francisella tularensis?
Definition
GN Coccobacillus
Term
What type of growth will you find on BAP after 48 hours for Francisella tularensis?
Definition
Scant to no growth
Term
Francisella tularensis - 1 to 2 mm grayish white colonies on CHOC at how many hours?
Definition
72
Term
Presumptively Identify the following:
Oxidase - Negative
Catalase - Weak Positive
B-lactamase - Positive
Satellite - Negative
Urea - Negative
Definition
Francisella tularensis
Term
What disease is Streptobacillus moniliformis associated with?
Definition
Rat Bite Fever
Term
What MO, other than Streptobacillus moniliformis, also causes Rat Bite Fever?
Definition
Spirillium minor
Term
What does Streptobacillus moniliformis require in order to be cultured?
Definition
Body Fluid
Term
In a Broth Culture what does Streptobacillus moniliformis look like?
Definition
"Fluff balls" / "Bread Crumbs"
Term
What is the Gram Stain of Streptobacillus moniliformis?
Definition
Pleomorphic GNB (Rounded & Pointed ends)
Term
Is Chromobacterium violaceum an aerobe or an anaerboe?
Definition
Facultative anaerobe
Term
What is the habitat of Chromobacterium violaceum?
Definition
Soil and Water
Term
What is a characteristic look of Chromobacterium violaceum?
Definition
Distinctive Purple Pigment
Term
What disease is associated with Chromobacterium violaceum?
Definition
Contaminated wounds (ex. motorcycle accident)
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