Term
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Definition
(1st appear in mid jurassic, common in Cretaceous, heavy armor
-- scutes fused to skull roof, rings of fused scutes on neck/shoulders and over hip
region, laterally-facing spines, small triangular hornets out from dorsal surface of skull,
large shoulder spines, wide hips, ilia flare out to form a shelf), EX: Minmi, 3m,
125-112mya, 200+kg, herbivore, small quadroped with long tail, horizontal bony plates
alond sides of vertebrae. |
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Term
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Definition
(had basic flight and perching function, end of jurassic, lateral shoulder
joint, split propulsion lift wing w/ asymmetric feathers, reversed hallux, toothed beak,
wing claw, airfoil wing w/ contour feathers, long tail w/ many vertebrae, |
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Term
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Definition
(ex: Psittacosaurus guyangensis: 112-99.6mya, 2m, 26-30kg, herbivore,
early cretaceous, mongolia and china, Horny beak covering rostral bone at front of
upper jaw. |
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Term
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Definition
(Ex: Apatosaurus ajax, upper jurassic, long necks, long tails, front legs
short, trunk slanted downward from hips to shoulders, elongate skulls, teeth in front of
mouth only, weak jaw muscles, western north america, 150.8-145.5mya, 19-25m,
25-28tons, herbivore), |
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Term
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Definition
(Ex: Deinonychus antirrhopus: unusually large sickle-shaped talon
on 2nd toe of each hind foot, a 1-3 meter on average long carnivore, bipedal, flexible tail
for balance, fast moving, lived 112 to 99.6mya) , |
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Term
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Definition
(had a beak and long clawes, bipedal, an omnivore of the later cretaceous, sat
on its eggs like birds do, lived in Mongolia, about 2.5meters long, lived 70.6 to
65.5mya) , |
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Term
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Definition
| Duck-billed dinosaurs that lived in the cretaceous. They had many teeth in the back of their mouth that were probably used for grinding leaves. They were probably grazers. |
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Term
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Definition
(160mya, NW China, late jurassic, extreme morphological
convergence betw. birds and derived alvarezsauroids, incipient stages of modified
alvarezsaurid forelimb. Wrist bones like digits 2,3,4, but finger bones like 1,2,3. |
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Term
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Definition
(Ex: Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis: thick domed head, max
thickness almost 25cm, intraspecific compteition? 0-4.6m, 70.6-65.5mya, 250-300kg,
herbivore, wyoming,) |
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Term
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Definition
(Ex: Plateosaurus, late triassic, long necks for browsing high plants,
advantage during shift from low-growing Dicoidium flora to taller bennittitaleans and
conifers of later in triassic.Europe. Teeth laterally flattened a216.5-203.6mya, about 7m, 1.6-1.8tons, herbivore), |
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Term
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Definition
(large scutes embedded in skin, long necks, compact skull with stout jaws
and chisel-shaped teeth, ex: Saltasaurus, lived 83.5-70.6mya, length 12m, 6-7ton
herbivore, precise tooth-to-tooth occlusion, tooth replacement), |
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Term
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Definition
(1st appear in mid Jurassic, die before early/later cretaceous china,
boundry, reduce size of scutes relative to Scelidosaurus, lost ossified tendons, some
scutes grew larger and highly specialized -- plates, spines, shoulder spines,
thagomizers on end of tail, used as active defense), EX: Dacentrurus, 6m, late jurassic,
small skull and horny beak, short front legs for browsing, unspecialized teeth for eating
large amounts of food without chewing, |
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Term
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Definition
(Ex: Tarbosaurus: a therapod of upper Cretaceous, lived in Asia 70.6
to 65.5mya, 12+ meters in length, a carnivore, had dozens of huge sharp teeth, unique
locking mechanism of lower jaw plus the smallest forelimbs relative to its body size,
lived in humid floodplain criss-crossed by river channels, was an Apex predator for this
environment). |
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