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Laterized, deep soil but not inherently fertile; rapid leaching and weathering; red (iron) or yellow (aluminum) color |
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Most common soil on earth; salinization common |
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Lacks vertical horizon development; not climate-dependant; poor agriculture soil |
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Young, small in areal extant but locally important, volcanic |
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Permafrost regions, decomposition is slow, freeze-thaw cycle in active layer |
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Thick humus layer, lacks oxygen; bogs or marshes; can get blue soil |
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lots of weathering and leaching; iron and aluminum present; low fertility; humid subtropics |
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shrink-swell process; clayey; seasonal precipitation; one of main soils in India |
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Lacks humus in A horizon; acidic, sandy soil, UP soil |
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Young soil; primarily elevation not illuviation glacial till |
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Clayey; main soil of Michigan |
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Humus-rich; perhaps most productive soil; supports most US grain production |
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