Term
Blood agar is a chemically defined media.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Question: Biofilms are important because
I. they faciltate quorum sensing
II. they allow bacteria to form two-dimensional structures
III. they might facilitate gene transfer
IV. they are involved in the majority of bacterial infections
V. they show how bacteria do not like to live in communities |
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Definition
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Term
| Cyanide poisoning results in the inhibition of ATP synthesis in human cells. Which of the following would you expect to be a mechanism for cyanide poisoning? |
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Definition
| Binding of Iron in the cytochrome, which is a component of the electron transport chain |
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Term
| How many molecules of ATP can be generated from the complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O? |
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Definition
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Term
| You streak out a bacterial strain on two nutrient agar plates. You incubate one plate in an anaerobic incubator, while you place the other plate in a regular incubator (both incubators are set at 37C). After two days, you notice that there is no growth on either plate. Assuming you had correct positive controls on each plate, what could you likely conclude about your bacterial strain? |
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Definition
| My bacterial strain is a microaerophile. |
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Term
| What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration? |
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Definition
| It is oxidized in the Krebs cycle. |
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Term
| Which of the following is not true about anaerobic respiration? |
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Definition
| It involves glycolysis only. |
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Term
| A strictly fermentative bacteria produces energy |
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Definition
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Term
Enzymes that cut at specific DNA sequences are called restriction enzymes
True
False |
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Definition
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Term
2. DNA polymerase makes new DNA by catalyzing which reaction?
Dehydration of amino acids
Condensation of 3 prime hydroxyl and following phosphate group
Hydrolysis of the phosphate/oxygen bond
Hydrolysis of two phosphate groups |
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Definition
| Condensation of 3 prime hydroxyl and following phosphate group |
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Term
Using your genetic code chart (on page 219), what is the translation of a protein that has the following sequence: AUG GCG UAU UUU CCA GAC CAG UGA UGC CGU AUA UAA
Met - Ala - Ile - Lys - Gly - Leu - Val
Met - Ala - Tyr - Phe - Pro - Asp - Gln
Met - Ala - Tyr - Phe - Pro - Asp - Gln - Gly - Cys - Arg - Ile
Met - Arg - Ile - Lys - Gly - Asp - Gln - Gly - Cys - Arg - Ile
Met - Arg - Ile - Lys - Pro - Asp - Gln |
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Definition
| Met - Ala - Tyr - Phe - Pro - Asp - Gln |
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Term
Which of the following types of RNA molecules are involved in translation?
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
All of these |
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Definition
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Term
5. Which of the following is true about transformation?
I. It is the same as conjugation
II. It's the process by which "naked" DNA in solution from one bacterium is transferred to another bacterium
III. It was observed by Frederick Griffith when he mixed encapsulated S. pneumoniae which had been heat killed with non-encapsulated S. pneumoniae
IV. It requires cells that are competent
V. It happens naturally among most bacterial genera
II, III and IV
I, III and V
III and V only
II and III only
II and V only |
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Definition
| Your Answer: II, III and IV |
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Term
The universal genetic code has instructions that specify when to start and stop translating a protein
True
False |
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Definition
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Term
7. The process of making many copies of a DNA molecule is called
Gene cloning
Western blotting
PCR amplification
Southern blotting
DNA fingerprinting |
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Definition
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Term
You suspect that your patient has a bacterial infection that results in septicemia. You take a blood sample with the idea of looking for bacterial proteins. Unfortunately, you realize that your sample was contaminated with proteases (enzymes that destroy proteins). Which of the following methods could you NOT use for diagnosis?
Southern blotting
Western blotting
PCR
DNA fingerprinting
RFLP |
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Definition
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Term
The complete collection of an organism’s genes is called its
Genome
Proteome
Chromosome
Transcriptome
Allele |
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Definition
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Term
In addition to RNA polymerase, a helicase is needed for transcription of a gene to begin.
True
False |
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Definition
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Term
The method that is used to insert plasmid DNA into bacterial cells is called
Transfection
Transposition
Mutation
Transformation
Injection |
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Definition
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Term
12. (Please refer to the diagram of the Trp operon in your book.) You make a mutation in the Trp repressor protein so that it can no longer bind tryptophan as a corepressor. You expect that the Trp operon would
Turn OFF
Cease transcription
Remain ON
Remain OFF
Turn ON |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Penicillium - Roquefort cheese
Propionobacter - Swiss cheese
Acetobacter - vinegar
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - Blue Cheese
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - beer |
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Definition
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae - Blue Cheese |
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Term
Which of the following is not a DIRECT cause of mutations?
Chemical mutagens
Free radicals
Ultraviolet light
Faulty DNA replication
Rapid cell division |
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Definition
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Term
Mutations can result in which of the following?
a change in the protein that will negatively affect the organism
a change in the protein that will positively affect the organism
a change in the protein that is irrelevant to the organism
All of these
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Definition
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Page 1
1. Which of the following species are not inhibited by quaternary ammonium compounds, but instead grow very well on them.
Staphylococcus aureus
Entamoeba hystolytica
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Herpes simplex virus |
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Definition
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Term
The first antibiotic discovered was
Quinine
Salvarsan
Streptomycin
Penicillin
Gentamicin |
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Definition
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Term
Which type of reaction does Chloramphenicol inhibit?
Hydrolysis
Transamination
Dehydration/Condensation
Photosynthesis
Carboxylation |
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Definition
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Term
4. Bacterial death will result from damage to which of the following structures?
Cell wall
Plasma membrane
Proteins
Nucleic acids
All of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is best to sterilize heat-labile solutions?
Dry heat
Membrane filtration
Autoclave
Pasteurization
None of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Filtration is a physical method of controlling microbial growth
True
False |
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Definition
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Term
7. Which of the following is NOT true about Penicillins?
Injure the plasma membrane
Prevent formation of peptide cross-bridges of peptidoglycan
Require that cells are actively dividing to be effective
Susceptible to beta-lactamases
Can be modified chemically to extend their activity spectrum |
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Definition
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Term
The E test
I. is also called the Kirby-Bauer test
II. allows us to estimate the minimal inhibitory concentration for an antibiotic
III. results in a zone of inhibition around a circular disk impregnated with the antibiotic
IV. uses an increasing gradient of an antibiotic
V. is a diffusion method
I and III only
II, IV and V
II only
I and IV only
II and V only |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following methods is NOT used to test antibiotic effectiveness against specific bacteria?
The Kirby-Bauer test
The Disk-Diffusion test
The synergism/antagonism diffusion test
The gradient diffusion method (E-test)
The broth dilution method |
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Definition
| The synergism/antagonism diffusion test |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of drug resistance
Destruction or inactivation
Change in target site accessibility
Alteration of drug target sites
Mutation of target site DNA
Efflux of drug |
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Definition
| Mutation of target site DNA |
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