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exam 2 vocab
vocab
258
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/23/2011
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Term
macroevolution
 Definition
Term
species
 Definition
Term
speciation
 Definition
Term
subspecies
 Definition
Term
ecotypes
 Definition
Term
reproductive isolation
 Definition
Term
species concept
 Definition
Term
biological species concept
 Definition
Term
evolutionary lineage concept
 Definition
Term
lineage
 Definition
Term
ecological species concept
 Definition
Term
general lineage concept
 Definition
Term
reproductive isolating mechanisms
 Definition
Term
prezygotic isolating mechanisms
 Definition
Term
postzygotic isolating mechanisms
 Definition
Term
interspecies hybrid
 Definition
Term
cladogenesis
 Definition
Term
allopatric speciation
 Definition
Term
adaptive radiation
 Definition
Term
hybrid zones
 Definition
Term
sympatric speciation
 Definition
Term
polyploidy
 Definition
Term
alloploid
 Definition
Term
gradualism
 Definition
Term
punctuated equilibria
 Definition
Term
evolutionary developmental biology (evodevo)
 Definition
Term
pattern formation
 Definition
Term
heterochrony
 Definition
Term
paedomorphosis
 Definition
Term
Down syndrome
 Definition
Term
taxonomy
 Definition
Term
extant
 Definition
Term
systematics
 Definition
Term
phylogenetic trees
 Definition
Term
taxon
 Definition
Term
kingdom
 Definition
Term
domain
 Definition
Term
Bacteria
 Definition
Term
Archaea
 Definition
Term
Eukarya
 Definition
Term
Protista
 Definition
Term
Fungi
 Definition
Term
Plantae
 Definition
Term
Animalia
 Definition
Term
supergroup
 Definition
Term
phyla
 Definition
Term
orders
 Definition
Term
families
 Definition
Term
genus
 Definition
Term
class
 Definition
Term
binomial nomenclature
 Definition
Term
phylogeny
 Definition
Term
anagenesis
 Definition
Term
nodes
 Definition
Term
clade
 Definition
Term
monophyletic group
 Definition
Term
paraphyletic group
 Definition
Term
polyphyletic group
 Definition
Term
homology
 Definition
Term
molecular systematics
 Definition
Term
cladistics
 Definition
Term
cladograms
 Definition
Term
characters
 Definition
Term
character state
 Definition
Term
shared primitive character
 Definition
Term
symplesiomorphy
 Definition
Term
shared derived character
 Definition
Term
synapomorphy
 Definition
Term
ingroup
 Definition
Term
outgroup
 Definition
Term
principle of parsimony
 Definition
Term
maximum likelihood
 Definition
Term
Bayseian methods
 Definition
Term
molecular clock
 Definition
Term
horizontal gene transfer
 Definition
Term
geological time scale
 Definition
Term
extinction
 Definition
Term
continental drift
 Definition
Term
mass extinctions
 Definition
Term
heterotrophs
 Definition
Term
autotrophs
 Definition
Term
stromatolite
 Definition
Term
symbiotic
 Definition
Term
endosymbiotic
 Definition
Term
extremophiles
 Definition
Term
hyperthermophiles
 Definition
Term
halophiles
 Definition
Term
gas vesciles
 Definition
Term
cocci
 Definition
Term
bacilli
 Definition
Term
vibrios
 Definition
Term
spirochaetes
 Definition
Term
spirilli
 Definition
Term
biofilms
 Definition
Term
quorum sensing
 Definition
Term
peptidoglycan
 Definition
Term
lipopolysaccharide
 Definition
Term
Gram stain
 Definition
Term
flagella
 Definition
Term
pili
 Definition
Term
binary fission
 Definition
Term
akinetes
 Definition
Term
endospores
 Definition
Term
transduction
 Definition
Term
transformation
 Definition
Term
conjugation
 Definition
Term
photoheterotrophs
 Definition
Term
photoautotrophs
 Definition
Term
chemoautotrophs
 Definition
Term
chemoheterotrophs
 Definition
Term
obligate aerobes
 Definition
Term
facultative anaerobes
 Definition
Term
obligate anaerobes
 Definition
Term
aerotolerant anaerobes
 Definition
Term
diazotrophs
 Definition
Term
nitrogen fixation
 Definition
Term
heterocysts
 Definition
Term
producers
 Definition
Term
decomposers
 Definition
Term
methanogens
 Definition
Term
methanotrophs
 Definition
Term
symbiosis
 Definition
Term
mutualism
 Definition
Term
parasitism
 Definition
Term
syntrophy
 Definition
Term
consortia
 Definition
Term
microbiome
 Definition
Term
parasites
 Definition
Term
pathogens
 Definition
Term
Koch's postulates
 Definition
Term
algae
 Definition
Term
protozoa
 Definition
Term
fungus-like protists
 Definition
Term
phytoplankton
 Definition
Term
periphyton
 Definition
Term
macroalgae
 Definition
Term
flagellates
 Definition
Term
amoebae
 Definition
Term
supergroups
 Definition
Term
phagocytosis
 Definition
Term
endosymbiosis
 Definition
Term
endosymbiont
 Definition
Term
host
 Definition
Term
primary plastids
 Definition
Term
primary endosymbiosis
 Definition
Term
secondary plastids
 Definition
Term
secondary endosymbiosis
 Definition
Term
tertiary plastids
 Definition
Term
tertiary endosymbiosis
 Definition
Term
phagotrophs
 Definition
Term
osmotrophs
 Definition
Term
photoautotrophs
 Definition
Term
mixotrophs
 Definition
Term
toxins
 Definition
Term
cysts
 Definition
Term
zygotic life cycle
 Definition
Term
sporic life cycle
 Definition
Term
gametic life cycle
 Definition
Term
plants
 Definition
Term
charophyceans
 Definition
Term
apical meristems
 Definition
Term
liverworts
 Definition
Term
mosses
 Definition
Term
hornworts
 Definition
Term
lycophytes
 Definition
Term
pteridophytes
 Definition
Term
cycads
 Definition
Term
ginkgos
 Definition
Term
conifers
 Definition
Term
gnetophytes
 Definition
Term
angiosperms
 Definition
Term
bryophytes
 Definition
Term
alterntaion of generations
 Definition
Term
sporophyte
 Definition
Term
gametophyte
 Definition
Term
gametangia
 Definition
Term
archegonia
 Definition
Term
antheridia
 Definition
Term
matrotrophy
 Definition
Term
embryophytes
 Definition
Term
sporangia
 Definition
Term
sporopollenin
 Definition
Term
vascular tissues
 Definition
Term
nonvascular plants
 Definition
Term
vascular plants
 Definition
Term
tracheophytes
 Definition
Term
tracheids
 Definition
Term
stems
 Definition
Term
phloem
 Definition
Term
xylem
 Definition
Term
lignin
 Definition
Term
roots
 Definition
Term
leaves
 Definition
Term
waxy cuticle
 Definition
Term
stomata
 Definition
Term
gymnosperms
 Definition
Term
seed plants
 Definition
Term
seeds
 Definition
Term
seed plants
 Definition
Term
spermatophytes
 Definition
Term
lignophytes
 Definition
Term
flowers
 Definition
Term
fruit
 Definition
Term
endosperm
 Definition
Term
K/T event
 Definition
Term
critical innovations
 Definition
Term
placental transfer issues
 Definition
Term
lycophylls
 Definition
Term
euphylls
 Definition
Term
euphyllophytes
 Definition
Term
ovule
 Definition
Term
integuments
 Definition
Term
pollen
 Definition
Term
microspores
 Definition
Term
megaspores
 Definition
Term
pollination
 Definition
Term
seed coat
 Definition
Term
double fertilization
 Definition
Term
heterospory
 Definition
Term
endosporic gametophytes
 Definition
Term
liverworts, mosses, hornworts
 Definition
nonvascular plants (bryophytes) include 3 categories, which are:
Term
lycophytes and pteridophytes
 Definition
seedless vascular plants include 2 main plant categories, which are:
Term
cycads, ginkgos, conifers, and gnetophytes
 Definition
gymnosperms include 4 main categories of plants, which are:
Term
wood
 Definition
Term
vascular cambium
 Definition
Term
progymnosperms
 Definition
Term
eustele
 Definition
Term
torus
 Definition
Term
vessels
 Definition
Term
receptacle
 Definition
Term
pedicel
 Definition
Term
petals
 Definition
Term
sepals
 Definition
Term
tepal
 Definition
Term
perianth
 Definition
Term
stamen
 Definition
Term
carpel
 Definition
Term
complete flowers
 Definition
Term
incomplete flowers
 Definition
Term
perfect flowers
 Definition
Term
imperfect flowers
 Definition
Term
pistil
 Definition
Term
stigma
 Definition
Term
style
 Definition
Term
ovary
 Definition
Term
filaments
 Definition
Term
anthers
 Definition
Term
monocot
 Definition
Term
eudicot
 Definition
Term
pollinators
 Definition
Term
inflorescences
 Definition
Term
legumes
 Definition
Term
grains
 Definition
Term
secondary metabolites
 Definition
Term
coevolution
 Definition
Term
pollination syndromes
 Definition
Term
domestication
 Definition
Term
shattering
 Definition
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