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Exam 1 Study Assignment
Immunology Exam 1 Study Assignment
52
Biology
Undergraduate 3
11/25/2014

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Term
T or F:
The science that studies host reactions when foreign substances are introduced is immunology
Definition
True
Term
Immunology
Definition
The study of host reactions when foreign substances are introduced
Term
Antigen
Definition
A substance that binds with ABY but may not evoke an immune response
Term
Immunogen
Definition
A substance that induces an immune response
Term
Epitope
Definition
ABY binding site; single AGN site
Term
T-Independent AGN
Definition
Nonprotein AGN that does not need T cells to produce an immune response
Term
Genotype
Definition
Known haplotypes of an individual
Term
Opsonin
Definition
Coats foreign particles and enhances phagocytosis
Term
T-Dependent AGN
Definition
Proteins that need T cell involvement to produce immune responses
Term
Autocrine
Definition
Cytokine that acts on the cell that produces it
Term
Phenotype
Definition
The expression of genes present in an individual
Term
Affinity maturation
Definition
B cells produce antibodies with greater attraction for AGN due to repeated exposure
Term
Chemotaxis
Definition
Movement of WBCs to an area of inflammation in response to chemical mediators
Term
Chemokines
Definition
The cytokines that induce chemotaxis to assist in destroying microorganisms
Term
Tumor necrosis factor
Definition
Cytokine that mediates Gram negative infections; recruits WBCs
Term
Interferon
Definition
A cytokine with antiviral activity
Term
T or F:
The spleen filters out old cells and foreign AGNs
Definition
True
Term
T or F:
Heterozygous alleles is a pair of alleles that are the same at one locus
Definition
False
Term
Memory Response
Definition
Heightened response with re-exposure
Term
Anamnestic response
Definition
Secondary antibody response
Term
Alleles
Definition
Different forms of a gene
Term
Lymphadenopathy
Definition
Enlarged lymph nodes
Term
Cluster of differentiation
Definition
Cell-surface molecules that are designated by CD nomenclature
Term
ABY (immunoglobulin)
Definition
Glycoprotein made in response to AGN
Term
Immunization (vaccination)
Definition
Injecting AGN to cause immunity
Term
Interleukin
Definition
A type of cytokine that enables communication between WBCs
Term
Major histocompatibilty complex (MHC)
Definition
Set of genes inside chromosomes that encode for molecules recognized by T cells
Term
Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
Definition
Tissue associated with GI, respiratory and urogenital tract (includes tonsils and appendix)
Term
Haptens
Definition
Non-immunogenic unless complexed with a larger carrier
Term
Gates
Definition
Instrument setting that allows analysis of a particular set of cells
Term
Innate immunity (natural, nonspecific)
Definition
Protection by means of normally present body functions
Term
Acquired Immunity (adaptive, specific)
Definition
Protection resulting from prior experience with an antigen
Term
Class II MHC molecules
Definition
Molecule that transports AGN to cell surface for presentation to CD4 T cells
Term
T or F:
Toll-Like Receptors coat WBC cell surfaces recognize specific structures or motifs
Definition
False
Term
T or F:
Vaccines stimulate cell-mediated response against intracellular microbes
Definition
False
Term
Immunity
Definition
Resistance to infection
Term
Mitogen
Definition
Substance that stimulates the proliferation of many different clones of lymphocytes
Term
Adjuvant
Definition
Substance administered with an immunogen to increase the immune response
Term
Class switching
Definition
First IgM predominant immunoglobulin; then heavy chain to IgG, A, or E
Term
Human leukocyte AGNs (HLA)
Definition
Human Major Histocompatibility Complex proteins
Term
Cutaneous-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT)
Definition
Lymphoid tissue located under skin epithelia
Term
Cytokines
Definition
Chemical messengers made by cells
Term
Immunophenotyping
Definition
Identification of surface AGN by use of specific ABY tagged with fluorescent dye
Term
Apoptosis
Definition
The process of cell self-destruction
Term
Effector Response
Definition
Cellular response generated to eliminate or neutralize an organism or its products
Term
Haplotype
Definition
Genes inherited as a set
Term
Superantigen
Definition
Potent T cell activator; binds to T-cell receptors and MHC Class II AGNs
Term
Hybridization
Definition
Binding of two complementary strands (DNA/RNA)
Term
Serology
Definition
The study of non-cellular components in the blood
Term
Class I MHC Molecules
Definition
Transport AGN to cell surfaces for presentation to CD8 T cells
Term
T or F:
Immunological Homeostasis confers health by responding and controlling infection with moderation
Definition
True
Term
T or F:
A type of effector cell is the plasma cell
Definition
True
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