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Definition
| The layer of photosynthetic algae that lies right below the outer cortex of a lichen. |
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Definition
| The male reproductive structure of a fungus; contains fertile sperm tissue and sterile cells. |
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Definition
| The major cup-like reproductive structure of an ascomycete. |
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Term
| Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
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Definition
| Endomycorrhizal fungi; create a sort of "tree" like structure inside of the cell wall to increase surface area; does not permeate the nuclear membrane of the host cell. |
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Definition
| The "trees" of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Increase surface area. |
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Definition
| The spore-bearing cell of an ascomycete; usually houses eight ascospores (first meiotic cell division followed by a mitotic cell division). |
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| The fruiting body of an ascomycete; contain asci. Include cheistothecium (completely enclosed), apothecium (cup-shaped, most important), and perithecium (flash shaped with a small opening). |
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Definition
| The female reproductive structure of an ascomycete; fuses with antheridium through plasmogomy to create an ascocarp. The asci of the ascocarp are dikaryotic until the time for disperal. |
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Definition
| A division of fungi that are colloquially called "sac fungi;" there are about 65,000 species. |
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Definition
| Coenocytic fungi that do not contain septa (divisions) in their cell wall. Their hyphae are one continuous cell that divides but does not undergo cytokinesis. |
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Definition
| The reproduction method that does not utilize fertilization. Typical of most fungi. |
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Definition
| The fruiting body of Basidiomycota; typically dikaryotic. Karyogamy creates diploid nuclei that undergo meiosis to form 4 gametes that are then excreted as basidiospores. |
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Definition
| The container of basidia; a dikaryotic fruiting body that excretes basidiospores. |
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Definition
| A division of fungi that are colloquially called "club fungi;" about 30,000 species included. |
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Definition
| A member of Basidiomycota (club fungi); create a cup filled with peridia (fruiting bodies) that are dispersed via water. |
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Definition
| A common feature of Basidiomycota; can contain teeth, gills, or polypores. |
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Definition
| The primary makeup of fungal cell walls. |
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Definition
| A paraphyletic division that contains about 1000 species; mainly aquatic, motile, may be inside of animal guts. |
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Definition
| The types of fungi contained within Division Chytridiomycota. |
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Definition
| The types of fungi that are contained within Basidiomycota. |
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Definition
| Another name for aseptate; lacking dividing septate between hyphae cells. |
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Definition
| The asexual spores of Ascomycetes that form on sporangium. These are mitospores; they form via mitosis. This is the source of yeast budding. |
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Definition
| The sexual reproduction of Zygomycota; two hyphae called gametangia fuse to form a dikaryote zygosporangium. This then undergoes karyogamy and finally meiosis to create haploid spores that disperse, undergo mitosis, and create new hyphae. |
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Definition
| A form of lichen; "crust-like" attached to substrate along lower surface. There is no clear lower cortex. |
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Definition
| A cell that contains two separate haploid nuclei; must undergo karyogamy to create a true zygote. These are typically fruiting bodies (basidia, asci, zygosporangia) that are not yet ready to release spores. |
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Definition
| A type of club fungus that unfolds its "rays" when it rains to release spores, but otherwise dries and closes up. |
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Definition
| A mycorrhizal fungus that stays outside of the root; contains Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Mantles and hartig nets. Temperate, highly generalized fungi, about 5000 species. |
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Definition
| A type of mycorrhiza that stays inside of root cells; contains Glomeromycota. Arbuscules reach inside of cell walls while vesicles inside of cell walls act as fungal storage organs. |
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Definition
| A form of Ascomycota that infects open fruiting bodies such as wheat; often causes ergotism in humans and animals that may have been the cause of witch hunts and such. |
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Definition
| A method of feeding in which the fungus excretes enzymes out of its cell membrane onto its food and absorbs the digested nutrition. |
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Definition
| The sort of green algae that is contained within lichens. |
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Definition
| A form of lichen that is loosely connected to the substrate; "leaf like". Rhizines attach to substrate and a distinct lower cortex is visible. |
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Definition
| A form of lichen that is loosely hung in leaves or like mini-shrubs; the algal layer has no top or bottom, and no upper or lower cortex is distinguishable. |
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Definition
What you are studying right now. <_<
Chitin cell walls, chemoheterotrophic (except for lichens), and stuff. |
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Definition
| The fertile body that is separate from the hyphae; two gametangia from a Zygomycota fuse together to form a dikaryote zygosporangia. |
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Definition
| One form of surface-area increasing strategy of Basidiomycota to release more spores from their basidiocarp. |
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Definition
| Arbuscular fungi; only mycorrhizal fungi. |
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Definition
| The site of nutrient exchange between an ectomycorrhizal fungus and its host root; a bunch of hyphae inside of an empty root space. |
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Definition
| Specialized parasitic fungal hyphae that penetrate the cell wall and tissues but not the actual cell. |
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Definition
| Multiple nuclei; usually the fruiting bodies are dikaryotic before they are able to release their spores. |
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Definition
| Using organic substances obtained as a source of carbon; most fungi are heterotrophic. |
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Definition
| The "roots" or actual body of a fungus. |
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Definition
| The fusion of nuclei to make a heterokaryotic cell into a diploid zygote. |
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Definition
| A type of fungus that utilizes algae to undergo photosynthesis and obtain sugars as a source of carbon. |
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Definition
| The lower hyphae layer of foliose fungi; houses rhizines that attach to the substrate. |
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Definition
| The outer layer of fungal tissue around a root that is a characteristic of ectomycorrhizal fungi. |
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Definition
| Space inbetween lower and middle cortex. |
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Definition
| A type of Ascomycete; edible. |
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Definition
| A term that describes the mass of hyphae of a fungus. |
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Definition
| Mutualistic endosymbionts that live inside of root tips that exchange surface area and nutrient absorption the plant uses for sugar the plant produces. |
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Definition
| The fusion of cytoplasm in a Zygomycete that forms a dikaryotic zygosporangia. |
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Definition
| A method club fungi use to increase surface area on their caps in order to release as many spores as possible. |
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Definition
| A type of club fungus that releases spores when shock forces spores out of their fruiting bodies. |
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Definition
| Really thick-walled mature zygosporangium. |
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Definition
| Attachment points between the lower cortex and the substrate of a lichen. |
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Definition
| Basidiomycota that are destructive plant parasites. |
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Definition
| The colloquial name for Ascomycota. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Containing dividing cell walls between each cell of the hyphae. |
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Definition
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Definition
| A destructive plant parasite, part of Basidiomycota. |
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Definition
| The asexual reproductive structure of lichen; fungal hyphae wrapped around algal cells erupting from a piece of lichen. |
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Term
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Definition
| The spore-producing body of a fungus; asexual reproduction. |
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Definition
| A long body that connects a basidium to a spore; think of stigma in terms of structure. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hyphae that is usually contained near a fertile hyphae inside of an ascocarp. |
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Definition
| The stem of a club fungus. |
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Definition
| The vegetative body of a lichen; other word for mycelium. More used for algae. |
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Definition
| Delectable Ascomycota; very valuable. |
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Term
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Definition
| Having one flagellum. Characteristic of Chytridiomycota zoospores. |
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Term
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Definition
| The upper layer of a lichen; not distinct in fruticose lichen. Protects the algal layer. |
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Term
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Definition
| Storage units created by extomycorrhiza. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cup or bulb at base of a club fungus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unicellular Ascomycota, reproduce by budding. |
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Term
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Definition
| The motile asexual reproductive state of a fungus. Characteristic of Chytridiomycota. |
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Term
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Definition
| A division of fungus characterized by the sexual reproductive method of conjugation (positive and negative hyphae form a zygosporangia that then undergoes karyogamy, creating a sporangia that can reproduce asexually or sexually). |
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Term
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Definition
| Colloquial name for Zygomycota. |
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Term
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Definition
| The dikaryote (early) or diploid (mature) fertilized body of a Zygomycota. |
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