Term
| How do we approbch vestibular disorders? |
|
Definition
| -localize to central vs peripheral dz |
|
|
Term
| What are the common peripheral vestibular diseases? |
|
Definition
-congenital
-otitis interna
-toxicity
-trauma
-idiopathic syndromes |
|
|
Term
| What are the common central vestibular diseases? |
|
Definition
-vascular dz
-neoplasia
-infectious dz
-GME
-thiamine deficiency |
|
|
Term
| What diagnostics do we run for peripheral vestibular dz? |
|
Definition
-anesthesia to look at ear canal
-bullae rads
-skull rads |
|
|
Term
| What diagnostics do we run for central vestibular dz? |
|
Definition
-CSF analysis
-skull rads
0imaging techniques: MRI, CAT scan |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical sigsn of otitis interna? |
|
Definition
-ear canal changes
-tympanum changes
-peripheral vest signs
-facial and/or Horner's: middle ear dz
-painful ear |
|
|
Term
| How do we diagnose otitis interna? |
|
Definition
-ear canal exam
-bullae rads
-myringotomy |
|
|
Term
| How do we treat otitis interna? |
|
Definition
-Abx 6-8w
-otic Abx
-glucocorticoids |
|
|
Term
| What si the prognosis for otitis interna? |
|
Definition
| -nerve deficits may persist |
|
|
Term
| What are the historical findings of vestbular syndromes? |
|
Definition
-both peracute
-cats have summer and fall distribution
-geriatrics > 8y
-NO AGE DISTRIBUTION IN CATS
-owner sees pet falling, incoordinated, balance problems |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of vestibular dz? |
|
Definition
-head tilt toward affected side
-fall and roll toward head tilt
-NO WEAKNESS OR POSTURAL DEFICITS
-horizontal to rotary nystagmus
-fast phase of nystagmus away from head tilt |
|
|
Term
| Describe the progression of vestibular syndrome? |
|
Definition
-nystagmus gone in 72h
-gait improved in 7d
-recovered 3w |
|
|
Term
| How do we treat vestibular syndromes? |
|
Definition
-none specific
-supportive for 24-48h
-sedation if needed
-steroids not helpful |
|
|
Term
| What is the prognosis of vestibular syndromes? |
|
Definition
-great, all recover
-some head tilt may remain |
|
|
Term
| How does rostral cerebellar infarcts differ from other vestibular syndromes? |
|
Definition
| -postural deficits may be seen |
|
|
Term
| What are the four categories of dz for cerebellar disorders? |
|
Definition
-Congenital: pankeukopenia in kittens, herpesvirus puppies, lysosomal storage dz
-Infectious: Distemper, FIP, toxo, mycotic
-Trauma
-Neoplasia |
|
|
Term
| What causes cerebellar hypoplasia in kittens? |
|
Definition
| -due to infection in queen w/ panleukopenia virus during 3rd trimester resulting in damage to germinal layer of cerebellum |
|
|
Term
| What is the typical histroy of cerebellar hypoplasia in kittens? |
|
Definition
-owner sees it when they start to move around
-shaking, bobbing head, stumbling, bumping nose in food and water bowls
-non-progressive |
|
|
Term
| What neuro deficites do w see w/ cerebellar hypoplasia? |
|
Definition
-severity can vary
-hypermetria
-intention tremors
-intention tremors
-truncal ataxia
-head bobbing
-NO weakness
-NOT progressive |
|
|
Term
| How do we treat cerebellar hypoplasia? |
|
Definition
-no treatment
-quality of life depends on severity of dz |
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical presentation of masticatory muscle myositis? |
|
Definition
-swelling of masticatory mm or atrophy
-INABILITY TO OPEN LOWER JAW
-exopthalmia
-febrile
-painful!! |
|
|
Term
| What are diagnostics for masticatory muscle myositis? |
|
Definition
-muscle biopsy: lots of fibrosis and inflammation
-ANTIBODY TEST |
|
|
Term
| How do we treat masticatory muscle myositis? |
|
Definition
-high dose steroids: 4-6m
-azathioprine |
|
|
Term
| What is prognosis of masticatory muscly myositis? |
|
Definition
| -amount of fibrosis in biopsy can be prognostic |
|
|
Term
| Which dog breeds are a problem for masticatory muscly myositis? |
|
Definition
| -Dobies, Samoyed, Rotties |
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