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-Questions about how behavior happens
-Tend to focus on the internal mechanisms of behavior |
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- Questions about why a behavior occurs
-Deals with the evolutionary value of a behavior |
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-1809-1882
-Evolutionary change is governed by natural selection |
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| geological theory that succession of fossils gave evidence of a proess of continuous change |
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1978
Essay on the principle of population
humans have the reproductive potential to overpopulate and outstrip the food supply |
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The Journey of the HMS Beagle
1831-1836 |
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Charles Darwin's discoveries are evidence for ideas
re:evolution descent with modification
-He spent only 5 weeks onshore gathering specimens from the galapagos |
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| Fossil Fauna resemble modern species |
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Species become modified over time
descent with modification |
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| Darwinian theory of natural selection |
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Most animals die before they reproduce
-struggle for existence
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| 3 Conditions to the Darwinian Theory of natural selection |
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1. Variation- Members of a population vary in traits
-selection acts on this variation among individuals
2. Heredity- Variation of traits is usually heritable between parents and offspring
3.Differences in reproductive success-Animals with certain traits will survive and reproduce better than others
-These traits will be more prevalent in the next generation
-there is evolutionary change |
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Also a scientist and was researching the same thing as Darwin. He sent him information before Darwin published so Darwin published and essay with him "On the tendency of species to form varieties and on the perpetuation of varieties and species by natural means of selection"
Then Darwin published his book |
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| A mutation occurs in the gene that codes for the V1a receptor protein in prairie voles. The altered protein increases the tendency of a male to form social bonds with a mate, making him somewhat more monogamous than the typical male prairie vole. What is required for enhanced monogamy to become more common in this species over time? |
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| A change in monogamous behavior will spread if individuals carrying the altered gene that influences their behavior have more surviving offspring than those without the gene. |
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| If monogamous males have 3.7 pups on average during their lifetime while enhanced monogamous males have 4.1 on average, will the allele associated with enhanced monogamy make up an increasing proportion of the population? |
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| The number of babies individuals have is not necessarily an indicator of the number of surviving offspring they will have. Males with 4.1 babies, on average, will not necessarily leave more copies of their alleles than males with 3.7 babies on average. |
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Populations are physically isolated
-speciation Islands as workshops of evolution Island gigantism |
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| evolved from one common ancestor |
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| Genes can occur in alternate forms (Alleles) |
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| Alleles that lead to greater reproductive success |
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| Increase in frequency over time |
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is a change in frequency of different alleles over the course of generations
-change in phenotype and genotype |
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