Term
| what are the top two differentials for aggressive bone lesions? How do we distinguish them radiographically? |
|
Definition
-neoplasia or osteomyelitis
-no reliable rad signs to ditinguish the two |
|
|
Term
| A solitary, metaphyseal, aggressive bone lesion in dogs or cats should be considered to be a (what?) until proven otherwise. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the main types of primary bone neoplasia? |
|
Definition
-osteosarcoma
-chondrosarcoma
others: fibrosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma |
|
|
Term
| Describe primary bone neoplasia. In which age group is it most commonly seen? |
|
Definition
-monostotic aggressive osseouus lesion with metaphyseal origin
-older patients |
|
|
Term
| What are the typical radiographic findings of primary bone neoplasia? |
|
Definition
-aggressive osseous lesion
-monostotic
-metaphyseal origin
-older patients |
|
|
Term
| What are the atypical radiographic findings of primary bone neoplasia? |
|
Definition
-younger patients
-epiphyseal or diaphyseal origin
-CROSSES JOINTS ABNORMALLY |
|
|
Term
| wHAT IS THE MOST COMMON PRIMARY BONE NEOPLASM IN DOGS AND CATS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which age group is predisposed to osteosarcoma? Common locations? |
|
Definition
-young and old
-away from the elbow and towards the knee |
|
|
Term
| Where do osteosarcomas usually start? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What clinical signs can hint at the different between fungal and infectious osteosarcomas? |
|
Definition
-fungal infections are usually systemically ill
-neoplasia are often not sstemically ill |
|
|
Term
| What does an osteosarcoma radiographically look like? |
|
Definition
-permeative lysis
-cortical destruction
-mixed/palisading periosteal reaction
-moderate zone of transition
-mixed lytic and proliferative |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Any tumor type may metastasize to the skeleton. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of tumors most commonly metastasize to bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can we distinguish radiographically b/n osteosarcoma and metastasis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the common causes of osteomyelitis in dogs? |
|
Definition
-fungal infection
-bacterial infection
-Protozoan: Hepatozoonosis |
|
|
Term
| What are the types of mycotic osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
-coccidiomycosis
-Histoplasmosis
-Blastomycosis |
|
|
Term
| What are the typical findings of fungal osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
-very aggressive osseous lesions
-found in regional geographic locations
-most often of hematogenous origin
-polyostotic distribution
-metaphyseal site is more common than diaphyseal location |
|
|
Term
| What are the causes of bacterial osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
-usually secondary to direct inoculation
-extension of regional disease
-hematogenous dissmeination |
|
|
Term
| What are the typical radiogrpahic findings of bacterial osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
-less aggressive, aggressive osseous lesion: palisading/spiculated/columnar periosteal reaction
-monostotic, regional, or polyostotic depending on the source |
|
|
Term
| What is Hepatozooonosis? Localized or systemic? |
|
Definition
-infection from protozoa
-systemic |
|
|
Term
| What are hte radiographic findingsasssociated with Hepatozoonosis? |
|
Definition
-causes periosteal proliferation of bones
usually smooth lamellar but can be irregular to palisading |
|
|
Term
| What is Hypertrophic osteopathy? Treatment |
|
Definition
-abaxiallesions secondary to mass in throacic cavity, abdomen, or urinary bladder
-resolves after mass removal |
|
|
Term
| What are the radiographic findings associated with hypertrophic osteopathy? |
|
Definition
-periosteal proliferation of appendicular long bones on abaxial sides
-begins distally with soft tissue swelling |
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