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| According to Strauss, a philosopher is a person who knows the truth about matters of great importance. True or false? |
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| Political philosophy is something totally separate and apart from philosophy in general, so it would be a mistake to say that political philosophy is a subcategory of philosophy. True or false? |
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Strauss believes that political philosophy is:
a.) gaining more and more prestige as an important part of political science
b.) based on the modern scientific method
c.) in decay
d.) based on faith, just as is religion |
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| According to strauss, plato, being a philosopher, projected himself as an egocentric person who had knowledge of most everything. True or false? |
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| Strauss believes that social scientists can better go about their work by refusing to make value judgements about the subject matters of their studies. True or false? |
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| According to strauss, the ultimate way of knowing anything is through application of the scientific method. True or false? |
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| Strauss believes that the understanding primarily required of a social scientist is historical understanding. True or false? |
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Strauss talks about something happening in 1933. He was talking about:
a.) The russian revolution
b.) The rise of Nazism
c.) The great depression
d.) A meeting of the American Political Science Association |
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| b.) the rise of the Nazism |
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Strauss believes that getting along with others in society is one of the highest virtues that a man can aspire to.
True or false? |
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Socrates accepted exile from Athens in order to avoid the death penalty for his actions.
True or false? |
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What is the central question posed by Berlin?
a.) Does political theory really belong in philosophy rather than political science?
b.) Are political philosophers less well trained in the scientific method than social scientists?
c.) Why did the dog not bark when the intruder entered the premises?
d.) Does political theory still exist as a separate entity of intellectual inquiry? |
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Definition
| d.) Does political theory still exist as a separate entity of intellectual inquiry? |
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To what category of question would you assign the question "what is justice"?
a.) Philosophical
b.) Natural science
c.) Common sense
d.) Formal |
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Berlin believes there are two kinds of questions for which for which we can hope to obtain clear answers? Which are they?
a.) Philosophical/formal
b.) Philosophical/natural science and common sense
c.) Philosophical/religious
d.) Natural science and common sense/formal |
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Definition
| d.) Natural science and common sense/formal |
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| According to berlin, philosophical questions do not (and perhaps never will) satisfy conditions required of science. True or false? |
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According to berlin, the question of whether one should obey a ruler is a question that properly belongs to political theory (philosophy)
True or false? |
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According to berlin, if a society possesses a single supreme purpose (for example, equality of rights), then it is relatively easy to determie what is to be done and not done in such a society by both the rulers and the ruled.
True or false? |
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Berlin believes that values have no place in political theory (philosophy).
True or false? |
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According to Berlin, it is entirely possible to imagine a life without philophy, just as it is possible to imagine a life without religion or a life without science.
True or false? |
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In one sense, astronomy was at one time closer to philosophy than it is today.
True or false? |
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Berlin believes that the questions posed by plato still have relevance today.
True or false? |
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According to aristotle, animals are better off if they are:
a.) Domesticated because they are with and depend on humans.
b.) Wild because they are free in nature. |
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| a.) Domesticated because they are with and depend on humans. |
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According to Aristotle, someone who acquires a slave through conquest in war is, because of this, lacking in virtue.
True or false? |
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According to Aristotle, a so-called "natural slave" would be worse off if he were granted freedom.
True or false? |
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According to Aristotle, the most just government is one where political leaders are chosen by all of the people, not just some of the people.
True or false? |
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Aristotle states that charging interest for loans is beneficial to the well being of society because it encourages investment.
True or false? |
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According to aristotle, humans are best off when they are:
a.) In social relations
b.) Free to make their own choices. |
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Aristotle emphasizes the inherent value of individualism in all aspects of life.
True or false? |
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| According to Aristotle, a person who lives outside society is either a ____ or a _____ |
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According to Aristotle, the City-State is the same as a family, only bigger
True or false? |
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According to Aristotle, the _____ is prior in nature to the _____.
a.) City State/Household
b.) Household/City State |
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Which of the following best represents represents the thought of Hobbes in the Leviathan?
a.) Left to their own devices, human beings are basically good and will treat each other fairly.
b.) The people have a right to overthrow a cruel leader who does not properly attend to their needs.
c.) Government results from a pact entered into between the governed and the ruler.
d.) Any government, no matter how cruel, is better than no government at all. |
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Definition
| d.) Any government, no matter how cruel, is better than no government at all. |
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According to Hobbes, "a general inclination of all mankind" is
a.) to enjoy life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
b.) to compete for profits in the economic marketplace
c.) a belief in the importance of worshipping as each person sees fit.
d.) a restless desire for power after power that ceases only with death. |
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Definition
| d.) a restless desire for power after power that ceases only after death |
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Term
Which of the following best represents what Hobbes means by the term leviathan?
a.) government
b.) the people
c.) social contract
d.) democracy |
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How many types of government does Hobbes envision?
a.) one
b.) two
c.) three
d.) four |
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| Hobbes suggests that ____is the best form of government. |
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According to Hobbes, without government people are:
a.) able to live in peace and prosperity
b.) not as happy as they want to be, but happy nonetheless
c.) in the state of war
d.) able to overcome their tendency to be selfish |
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According to Hobbes, in a state of nature the notions of right and wrong, justice and injustice, have no place:
True or false? |
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According to Hobbes, a person having power over a commonwealth is known as:
a.) first citizen
b.) senator
c.) tribune
d.) sovereign |
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According to Hobbes, the king can in justice be put to death if he acts so cruelly to his subjects as to be in breach of the social contract.
True or false? |
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According to Hobbes, who is responsible for making the rules in a commonwealth?
a.) the people in congress assembled
b.) the people by majority vote
c.) the sovereign
d.) each individual as he or she sees fit |
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According to Locke, when a prince usurps his power by acting in his own interest rather than the interest of the people, he has caused a state of _____ to exist.
a.) Anarchy
b.) Austerity
c.) War
d.) Nature |
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According to Locke, any government, no matter how cruel it is to the people, is better than no state at all.
True or false? |
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Locke and Hobbes are the same in the sense that they both state the people have a right to revolt if the sovereign acts in his own best interest rather than acting with the best interests of the people in mind.
True or false? |
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Locke states that when both the prince and the legislature violate the law there is no law on earth for the people to appeal to. In stating this, Locke seems to be suggesting that:
a.) The people should accept their fate and obey the rulers
b.) The people should appeal to God through prayer
c.) The people have a natural god-given right to replace their rulers
d.) The people should leave the country at the soonest opportunity |
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Definition
| c.) The people have a natural god-given right to replace their rulers. |
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Term
According to Locke, what is an advantage of having a separate executive power?
a.) Need for speedy and effective way to enforce the law
b.) The people would not obey any other type of power
c.) The people are better off if a single leader has absolute power
d.) God prefers that there be a separate executive power |
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Definition
| a.) Need for speedy and effective way to enforce the law |
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What document in American History best states the concept of natural law envisioned by Locke?
a.) Declaration of Independance
b.) Articles of Confederation
c.) United States Constitution of 1787
d.) Bill of Rights (First Ten Amendments) |
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Definition
| a.) Declaration of Independence |
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Term
Hobbes and Locke both utilize the concept of a "social contract"
True or False? |
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Definition
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According to Hobbes, the sovereign (leader) is a party to and bound by the "social contract"
True or false? |
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| According to Locke, the sovereign leader is party to and bound by the "social contract" |
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At one point, Locke seems to suggest that a ruler with absolute power might actually rule in the best interests of the people. But later he suggests this is dangerous because:
a.) The common people will resent this and rise up in revolt
b.) other nobles will resent this and rise up in revolt
c.) other nations will resent this and wage war on the ruler
d.) heirs of the ruler may rule in their own interest rather than in the best interests of the people |
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Definition
| d.) Heirs of the ruler ma rule in their own best interest rather than the best interests of the people |
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According to Locke, rights of humankind come _____ the creation of society.
a.) Before
b.) After |
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| What is political philosophy? |
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Definition
| It is where politics and philosophy intermingle. |
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Term
| Philosophy is not absolute truth, it is what? |
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| Strauss and philosophers believe that democracy is bad because of what reason? |
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Definition
| They believed that life was about achieving virtue, not freedom. |
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| What key principle of philosophy is tied to every situation and discussion of views and philosophical abilities? |
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| The ____ and _____of an action will immensely affect our decisions and views on the subject at hand. |
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Definition
| Consequences and end results |
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Term
| Is the question more important than the answer? |
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Definition
| Asking the question declares your curiosity in the fundamentals of the beliefs and values. |
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| How is philosphy different from science? |
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Definition
| It can answer a question any number of ways based on the values of the proponent. |
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Term
| What is a social contract? |
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Definition
| It is much like America's constitution - what binds the executive, the legislative, and those governed and gives each of them appropriate power. |
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Term
| What is the "checks and balances"? |
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Definition
| A separate legislative power that is an exception to separation of powers |
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| Wha law do people appeal to to resist against a "prince" who takes his own power? |
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