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Exam 1
Metric and Physical Unit Abbreviations
42
Physics
Undergraduate 3
01/05/2016

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Term
G
Definition

Giga

109 = 1,000,000,000

Term
M
Definition

Mega

106 = 1,000,000

Term
k
Definition

kilo

103 = 1,000

Term
h
Definition

hecto

102 = 100

Term
da
Definition

deca

101 = 10

Term
d
Definition

deci

10-1 = 0.1

Term
c
Definition

centi

10-2 = 0.01

Term
m
Definition

milli

10-3 = 0.001

Term
μ
Definition

micro

10-6 = 0.000001

Term
n
Definition

nano

10-9 = 0.000000001

Term
P or T
Definition
Period (seconds)
Term
PD
Definition
Pulse Duration (the time for which the transmit pulse lasts)
Term
PRP
Definition

Pulse Repetition Period

(the time to transmit and recieve an acoustic line of data)

Term
Frame Time
Definition

The time required to build up a frame =

the time per acoustic line multiplied by the total number of lines in the frame

Term
ƒ
Definition
Frequency (Hz)
Term
ƒ0
Definition

Operating or transmit frequency of a transducer

(for diagnostic ultrasound 2-12 MHz common)

Term
PRF
Definition

Pulse Repetition Frequency =

1/PRP (typically less than 10 kHz)

Term
Frame rate
Definition

The reciprocal of the frame time

(typically less than 100 Hz)

Term
Hz
Definition
Hertz = 1 cycle/second
Term
V
Definition
Volts: unit of electromotive force
Term
m
Definition
Meters: unit of distance
Term
Z
Definition
Rayls: unit of acoustic impedance
Term
R
Definition
Resistance, either electrical or to fluid flow
Term
P
Definition
Pressure: mmHg, atm, dynes/cm2, kg/m2
Term
P
Definition
Power: units of Watts
Term
W
Definition
Watts
Term
I
Definition
Intensity = power/area = W/m2 or W/cm2
Term
dB
Definition
Decibels: a logarithmic power ratio
Term
d
Definition
distance
Term
λ
Definition
Lambda: wavelength which has units of distance
Term
SPL
Definition
Spatial Pulse Length
Term
NZL
Definition
Near Zone Length, the distance from transducer face to the natural focus
Term
ρ
Definition
Density = mass/volume : units of kg/m3
Term
r
Definition
Radius of a circle
Term
d
Definition
Diameter of a circle = 2x radius
Term
A
Definition
Area: units of m2
Term
Vol
Definition
Volume: units of m3
Term
Q
Definition
Volumetric flow: units of volume per time, or m3/sec
Term
r
Definition
Rate: the general term usually used in the distance equation for velocity
Term
v
Definition
velocity of blood: units of m/sec
Term
c
Definition
propagation speed of sound: units of m/sec
Term
ΔP
Definition
Pressure gradient (change in pressure = P1 - P2 where P2 is the distal pressure and P1 is the proximal pressure)
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