Term
| Most animals will adapt their behavior to slow water flow rates, but this might lead to lower food intake and fighting among animals |
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Definition
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Term
| Of the elements on the Periodic Table, only those that are essential for life are referred to as "minerals" |
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Definition
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Term
| Heat increment and heat of fermentation both represent a loss of energy from feedstuffs that can provide a benefit to the animal in some circumstances |
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Definition
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Term
| In ruminants, but not in other animals, the gaseous by-product methane represents lost gross energy |
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Definition
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Term
| More than twice the energy is physiologically available from the in vivo oxidation of fats than from carbohydrates or proteins on a per gram basis |
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Definition
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Term
| Studies in beef cattle suggest that 35-45% of the energy needed for normal production is used to meet maintenance needs |
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Definition
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Term
| Caloric efficiency is lowest for maintenance followed by milk production, then growth and fattening |
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Definition
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Term
| The definition of a nutrient must include any and all elements and compounds that are obtained primarily from the GI tract and that promote life processes, such as growth and reproduction |
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Definition
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Term
| Animal nutritionists are sometimes compared to detectives, because when they are not sure about something they rely on intuition and guesswork |
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Definition
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Term
| Of the elements listed on the Periodic Table, only a few elements are essential for life and all the rest are not needed and sometimes toxic to life on Earth |
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Definition
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Term
| Which major nutrient category do animals need while most plants do not |
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Definition
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Term
| What nutrient category is not organic |
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Definition
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Term
| Is water the most essential organic nutrient to all life on Earth |
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Definition
| No, water is not an organic nutrient |
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Term
| What does a nutritionist mean when they described the energy in a feedstuff as being "digestible" |
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Definition
| It is the energy in the food that the animal was able to absorb |
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Term
Water intake can be affected by many factors, which of these are not likely to affect water intake in a major way:
- Poor water quality
- Environmental temperature
- Water losses through respiration, perspiration, or urinary & fecal output
- Dry matter intake
- Short GI tracts
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Definition
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Term
| A bomb calorimeter is used to determine what form of energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the poultry industry, which form of energy is most commonly used when describing the differences in various feeds |
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Definition
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Term
| If you are taking heat of fermentation into consideration, you must be trying to estimate which form of feed energy |
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Definition
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Term
Basal metabolism of animals is affected by many factors, except which item below:
- Age of the animal
- Sex of the animal
- Muscular activity, such as running
- Amount of lean tissue
- Breed
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Definition
| Muscular activity, such as running |
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Term
| In the context of animal nutrition what does the term maintenance refer to |
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Definition
| When animals neither gain nor lose weight or energy depots |
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Term
Which of these statements is correct about metabolic water:
- metabolic water is involved in various hydrolysis reactions within all cells of the body
- "metabolic water" refers to the importance that water plays in allowing all chemical reactions to occur within the body
- metabolic water is made in specialized cell that sore and burn fat
- metabolic water is formed by all cells from the oxidation of energy containing nutrients
- none of the above
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Definition
| Metabolic water is formed by all cells from the oxidation of energy containing nutrients |
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Term
Which of these statements about heat increment is correct:
- it is the same as total body heat production
- is a loss of energy in feedstuff that happens during fermentation
- is higher for highly digestible feedstuffs
- is lowest for feedstuffs that are used for growth, reproduction, or milk production
- none of these are true
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Definition
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Term
| What adaptation explains why camels can go so long without a source of water? |
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Definition
| Before journeys they drink large amounts of water (up to 40 gallons) which is stored in the animal's bloodstream |
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Term
Of the four key factors that affect water intake in livestock which ones is most important:
- water availability
- dry matter intake
- water loss
- water quality
- it depends
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Definition
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Term
| Where does water absorption occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does most water absorption occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Consuming proteins to provide essential amino acids is necessary for all animals, except what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which macronutrient is most essential? |
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Definition
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Term
| A diet devoid of fat and cholesterol is healthy for some people and animals |
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Definition
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Term
| In order to live people and animals require a source of glucose in their diets |
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Definition
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Term
| In what order are the four compartments of the foregut ruminant positioned in order of how feed reaches them? |
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Definition
| Reticulum-Rumen-Omasum-Abomasum |
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Term
Which statement below in incorrect:
- microvilli and villi both greatly increase the surface are available for the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine
- saliva from ruminants contains urea, a waste product of amino acid oxidation
- in most animals salivary amylase and lipases contribute little to the digestion of foodstuffs
- pepsinogen is activated by acid in the stomach
- all of these statements are correct
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Definition
| All of these statements are correct |
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Term
| How many gallons of saliva is produced by cows/steer per day? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the correct order for how dietary energy is partitioned? |
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Definition
| Gross energy-Digestible energy-Metabolizable energy-Net energy |
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Term
| In the determination of a given feedstuff's metabolizable energy, researchers must account for losses of energy as measured in what? |
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Definition
| Feces, urine, and combustible gases |
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