Term
| ch.5: How would you describe theological and political context of the Pilgrims of Massachusetts? |
|
Definition
| They wanted religious reform, abolition of bishops in the Anglican Church |
|
|
Term
| ch.5: Were the "pilgrims" the only ones to settle Plymouth? |
|
Definition
| Wampanoag Indians helped them through the dreadful winter |
|
|
Term
| ch.5: Did all the Puritans leave Enlgand for Massachusetts? What about those who stayed behind? |
|
Definition
| "separatist" wanted religious freedom, which they found but where facing economic hardships so they decided on a radical course of action, emigrating to America. |
|
|
Term
| ch.5: how did the Puritans feel about education? what did they do about it? |
|
Definition
| they "laid great emphasis" on childhood education and the education of a class of clergymen who learned to interpret the scriptures. Built Boston's High and Latin Schools and Harvard College |
|
|
Term
| ch.5: Who was Roger Williams and why was he important? |
|
Definition
| One of the most brilliant masters of religious debate who emigrated from england to boston in 1631. He believed the lands chartered to Massachusetts and Plymouth rightfully belonged to the Indians, that civil goverment had no right to enforce religious laws, and that religion was personal>Puritan heirarchy ordered him to hange his views and was banished>purchased a small tract at the head of Narragansett Bay a town he called Providence, the first settlement in Rhode Island |
|
|
Term
| ch.5: Did Catholics find a home in the English colonies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ch.5: How was Pennsylvania first established? |
|
Definition
| William Penn obtained a charter from King Charles II, granting him proprietorship of Pennsylvania |
|
|
Term
| ch.5: who was James Edward Oglethorpe? |
|
Definition
| military general who organized a group of 19 wealthy individuals to colonize Georgia. |
|
|
Term
| ch.4: Who was John Cabot and what did he do? |
|
Definition
| King Henry's Hired Sailor, sailed from Dursey Head, Ireland to Maine and came to the conclusion he had reached the northeast corner of Asia>came back to King Henry with the news>went out for a 2nd voyage bound for "Japan" he and his crew were lost at sea. |
|
|
Term
| ch.4: What was the legendary "Northwest Passage"? Was there also a "northeast" passage too? |
|
Definition
| with the dawn of the idea that the New World actually was a 'New World' a continental land mass separating the Atlantic and Pacific oceans...therefore separating Europe from Asia |
|
|
Term
| ch.4: Identify these: Martin Frobisher, Henry Hudson |
|
Definition
M.F:first Englishman to deliberatley search for the Northwest Passage. He made 3 attempts the first of which led to the discovery on an inlet in Baffin Island, which he believed was the opening to the Northwest Passage
H.H:Hudson made two attempts on behalf of English merchants to find a prospective Northwest Passage to Cathay via a route above the Arctic Circle. |
|
|
Term
| ch.4: How was the colony of Jamestown organized and administered? |
|
Definition
| "the first permanent English colony" |
|
|
Term
| ch.4:How did England convince poor people in England to take a chance on settling in the New World? What was this system called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ch.4: How did John Smith save the Jamestown colony? |
|
Definition
| Got himself adopted by local Indians and obtained enough corn and yams to keep them from starving, ordered that only those who worked would eat. |
|
|
Term
| ch.3: How did the old European system of inheritance affect Spain's experiences in the New World? what was it called? |
|
Definition
| Spain was all "used up" all titles wer taken; all property was claimed...the New World represented a new world of opportunity (Primogeniture) |
|
|
Term
| ch.3: What were the Seven Cities of Cibola? |
|
Definition
| (Seven Cities of Gold) that were never found |
|
|
Term
| ch.3: Who was Onate and why was he important? |
|
Definition
| Led an expedition northward from Mexico, at the site of El-Paso Texas, Onate claimed a region extending from Texas to California for Spain. Seeking to colonize pueblo country, he met resistance in Acoma pueblo, killing most of the pueblo warrior, and took 500 women, children, and noncombatant men captive which 80 over the age of 25 were amputated on foot and 20 years of enslavement |
|
|
Term
| ch.3: What was the Black Legend? |
|
Definition
| Historians called the brutality in the New World the Black Legend |
|
|
Term
| ch.3: Who was Las Casas? What kinds of attitudes did his writings inspire? |
|
Definition
| Spanish conquistador turned Dominican Friar, (genocidal colonization of the Americas) |
|
|
Term
| ch.3: Who was Pope and why was he important? |
|
Definition
| Indian leader imprisoned by Spanish governor Antonio de Oterrmin. Released after 7 years of confinement he went into hiding in Taosand organized a rebellion. On Aug 10 1680 Pope and his army killed 400 settlers and 21 of 33 missionaries. After which he installed himself as dictator over pueblos natives..after his death he left the former native unity shattered and Spanish forces retook the Zia pueblo |
|
|
Term
| ch.3: Can you describe the Spanish colonization of California? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| established missions in northern Mexico, and Baja California, and some in southern Arizona |
|
|
Term
| ch.2: What is the "earth is flat theory" all about? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ch.2: Why in the world did Columbus want to sail the Ocean Blue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ch.2: What kinds of difficulties did Columbus face on his first trans-Atlanic voyage? |
|
Definition
| A month and a half into the voyage they encountered deadly winds. He kept a book of records to the crew with ficticious facts and one to himself of real facts, once crew members caught on they were on the verge of revolt |
|
|
Term
| ch.2: So Columbus finally landed in Hispaniola. Where did he think he was? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ch.2: What happened to the colonist left behind in La Navidad by Columbus on the first voyage? |
|
Definition
| Pillaged indian goods and raped Indian women. When Columbus returned in Nov. 1493 not a single Spaniard was left alive |
|
|
Term
| ch.2: What was the Treaty of Tordesillas? |
|
Definition
| A division of the New World between Spain and Portugal |
|
|
Term
| ch.2: Was Columbus treated well by Spain? Why or why not? |
|
Definition
| No, he had failed to find the mainland ("great hoard of spices was stashed) was said to be abusive and incompetent |
|
|
Term
| ch.2: Why are we called America and not Columbia |
|
Definition
| 1507 a German cartographer (Walldseemuller)published an account of Amerigo Vespucci's voyage and labeled the land America. |
|
|
Term
| ch.9: What was the Proclamation Line of 1763, and who tended to oppose it? |
|
Definition
| with the French neutralized in North America, the British crown saw the next and continuing threat of war to be conflict with the Indians..this created a buffer zone between the Indians and the colonists. Not to be served as a permanent prohibition of western settlement, but a temporary measure designed to restore stability..the British who breached this agreement, attempting to seize land trans-Appalachian region, were answered with violence from the Indians |
|
|
Term
| ch.9: What was the Sugar Act and why was is passed? |
|
Definition
| as the English treasury incurred more and more debt fighting the French and Indian War, they (chancellor of the Exchequer George Grenville) thought it proper the colonies pay their fair share, the Sugar Act raised taxes on commodities imported into the colonies, most notable molasses and sugar |
|
|
Term
| ch.9: What were the requirement of the Quartering Act? |
|
Definition
| required colonial government to furnish barracks and other provisions for royal troops, the act was extended to require the billeting of soldiers in taverns and inns at the expense of the colonists. The Quartering Act was seen as an invasion of privacy |
|
|
Term
| ch.9: What were the vice-admiralty courts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ch.9: Who was Samuel Adams? |
|
Definition
| leader of the Sons of Liberty (secret society that opposed tyranny from the mother country) |
|
|
Term
| ch.9: What did the "Intolerable Acts" do? |
|
Definition
>closed the harbor to commerce until Boston paid for the destroyed tea (Boston Port Act)
>reserved the crown the power to appoint members of the legislature's upper house, also they appointed juries of royal sheriffs rather than juries elected by colonist, and most importantly *banned town meeting not explicitly authorized by law or by the royal government.(Massachusetts Government Act) |
|
|
Term
| ch.9: How did the colonists respond to the Intolerable Acts? |
|
Definition
| As it was intended to restore order in Massachusetts, it backfired leading colonist to realize their common cause and to convene the First Continental Congress...which ultimately led to the American Revolution |
|
|
Term
| ch.9: What happened at Bunker Hill? |
|
Definition
| After twice repelling the British army they ran out of ammunition and where defeated. |
|
|
Term
| ch.9: What was the Olive Branch Petition? |
|
Definition
| John Dickinson drafted the Olive Branch Petition, which was adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 5 and submitted to King George on July8, 1775. It was an attempt to assert the rights of the colonists while maintaining their loyalty to the British crown. King George refused to read the petition and on Aug.23 proclaimed that the colonists had "proceeded to open and avowed rebellion" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Revolution and New Nation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Native American-"indians"-probably migrated to the Americans from Asia across an Ice Age land bridge where the Bering Strait is today. What time period? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Indian population's rapid decline was largely the result of epidemic and pandemic disease. What time period? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The European discover of America was most likely who? What year and time period? |
|
Definition
Leif Erikson
1000 C.E.
Pre-Columbian ????-1492 |
|
|
Term
When Columbus found the "New World" he thought he was sailing to where?
What time period? |
|
Definition
spice-rich Asia
Conquest 1492-1600 |
|
|
Term
What did the Spanish do to the Indians in the "New World"? What was the outcome?
What time period? |
|
Definition
Spanish attacked the Indians.
Inaugurated 400 years of white-Indian warefare in Americas.
Conquest 1492-1600 |
|
|
Term
| What did Columbus derive from his four voyages? |
|
Definition
| Not a lot. The land he "discovered" was even named after a later explorer Amerigo Vespucci. |
|
|
Term
| Onate was in what time period? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Black Legend" was in what time period? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What or who inspired exploration of the "borderlands" (the area of the present American Southwest) |
|
Definition
| sensational exploits of Cortes in Mexico and Pizzaro in Peru |
|
|
Term
| What was the first English settlement in America? What year? What time period? |
|
Definition
Jamestown 1607
Colonization 1600-1763 |
|
|
Term
| What plant did the Americans learn from the Indians to be the first reliably profitable export? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Georgia was meant to be what in the established English colonies? |
|
Definition
| Utopia for freedom of worship |
|
|
Term
| What marred the colonies' ideal of liberty? |
|
Definition
| Intolerance among the Separatists and slavery in the South |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Puritans who left England settling first in Holland and then in New England (at Plymouth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| somewhat less radicall Puritans who settle in New England (at Massachusetts Bay) |
|
|
Term
The French and Indian War was the American phase of what? Historians considered it what?
What time period? |
|
Definition
Seven Years' War
the first "world" war
Colonization 1600-1763 |
|
|
Term
Who initiated the first two battles of the French and Indian war?
What time period? |
|
Definition
George Washington (Virginia militia commander)
Colonization 1600-1763 |
|
|
Term
Although the English had more Colonists, the French had more what?
What time period? |
|
Definition
Indian allies
Colonization 1600-1763 |
|
|
Term
| What three things united the colonies in rebellion? What time Period? |
|
Definition
Unfair taxation, limits on westward settlement, and the involuntary quartering of British soldiers.
Revolution and New Nations 1763-1800 |
|
|
Term
| Who is the author of Common Sense? What time period? |
|
Definition
Thomas Paine
Revolution and New Nations 1763-1800 |
|
|
Term
| Who was the father of the Declaration of Independence? What time period? |
|
Definition
Thomas Jefferson
Revolution and New Nations 1763-1800 |
|
|
Term
| What were George Washington's greatest accomplishments during the Revolution? |
|
Definition
| hold his armies together to exploit British strategic and effectively tactical blunders, and to make British victory extremely costly. |
|
|
Term
| The American Revolution did not end in Patriot victory but more so as what? |
|
Definition
| Defeat of England's will to continue to fight |
|
|
Term
| Battle of Yorktown was in what time period? |
|
Definition
| Revolution and New Nations 1763-1800 |
|
|
Term
| What was the result of the Treaty of Paris? What time period? |
|
Definition
Ended the Revolution and gained British recognition of American sovereignty
Revolution and New Nations 1763-1800 |
|
|
Term
| What was the Articles of Confederation? What was it's outcome? |
|
Definition
The first constitution of the United States.
The Articles created a loose confederation of sovereign states and a weak central government, leaving most of the power with the state governments which lead to the Constitutional Convention which birthed the United States Constitution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Who Provoked the War of 1812?
What time period? |
|
Definition
Westerners eager to expand the territory of the United States
Early Republic 1800-1828 |
|
|
Term
| What treaty ended the War of 1812? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Although the War of 1812 brought great hardships to the United States what was the ultimate outcome?
What time period? |
|
Definition
forced the bonds of national unity by demonstrating that America could stand up to the most powerful nation on the planet
Early Republic 1800-1828 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| U.S. involvement in teh Vietnam War was an extreme result of the Cold War policy..? |
|
Definition
| "containment" of communism |
|
|
Term
What's the Kennewick Man?
What time period? |
|
Definition
a well-preserved, 9,000-year-old human skeleton found in Washington State in 1996. Several Indian tribes on the Columbia Plateau, led by the Umatilla, hope to win the right to rebury the skeleton, which they consider an ancestor
Pre-Columbian ????-1492 |
|
|
Term
| Articles of Confederation. What couldn't the national government do? |
|
Definition
most of the governmental powers retained by the states.
The Articles provided no separation of branches. There was no president or any other independent executive, nor was there a federal judicial branch. Congress, the legislature, was the only branch of government. Members elected to congress did not vote as individuals, but as states. While congress did have some powers, it could not enforce its laws on the states or the people.
Congress could not tax the states or the people, it could only request funds to run the government. |
|
|
Term
| Article of Confederation. What could the national government do? |
|
Definition
| declare war, raise armies, sign treaties |
|
|
Term
| What was Shay's Rebellion? What was the result? |
|
Definition
The U.S. had accumulated mass war debt. Foreign investors who aided the Patriots during the war started to call in their debts which was to be paid in specie(hard currency)
The farmers petitioned the state government for an extension on their payments, but the state gov. wasn't sympathetic, which lead to a rebellion, which then led to the revise of the Articles of confederation. |
|
|
Term
| What was Madison’s view of the state governments? |
|
Definition
| "a spirit of locality in the state legislature was destroying the aggregate interests of the community" |
|
|
Term
| Are Constitutional rights absolute? |
|
Definition
| No. Only the Supreme Court interprets what is absolute in the constitution. |
|
|
Term
| What does the First Amendment say? |
|
Definition
| prohibits the making of any law respecting an establishment of religion, impeding the free exercise of religion, abridging the freedom of speech, infringing on the freedom of the press, interfering with the right to peaceably assemble or prohibiting the petitioning for a governmental redress of grievances. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Sedition Act of 1918? |
|
Definition
| those who publicly criticized the government — including negative comments about the flag, military, or constitution, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment for not more than 20 years, or both.... |
|
|
Term
| What kinds of people were prosecuted under the Sedition Act? Were they truly enemies of America? |
|
Definition
those who interfered with the draft, but also those individuals guilty of sedition (working men, farmers, cowboys, miners, lumberjacks, etc)
they were only men with voiced opinions |
|
|
Term
| Who was Charles Schenck? Why was he arrested and prosecuted? |
|
Definition
| secretary Socialist Party of America, urged people to resist the draft, not to sign up for the military and was arrested under the Sedition Act of 1918. |
|
|
Term
| What was the opinion of Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., in this case? |
|
Definition
| believed in time of war when people spoke out against the gov, military, states...etc it was a hindrance to the efforts. |
|
|
Term
| What was Miller v. United States (1939)? |
|
Definition
| Miller, a not very famous back robber and bootlegger..the government can regulate saw-off shot guns |
|
|
Term
| What did the Supreme Court rule in the case of District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)? |
|
Definition
| the ban on handguns in the home in the District of Columbia violates the Second Amendment (supreme court justice Antonin Scalia very conservative) |
|
|
