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Exam 1
Introduction
90
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
01/29/2013
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Term
surface
 Definition
study of form and markings on outside surface of body
Term
gross (macroscopic)
 Definition
structure which can be studied by the naked eye
Term
applied
 Definition
application of anatomy to diagnosis and treatment
Term
comparative
 Definition
comparison of homologous structures of different organisms
Term
systemic
 Definition
descriptive anatomy, structure of individual parts of the body
Term
histology
 Definition

structure of tissues

 
Term
cy
 Definition
Term
cytology
 Definition
structure of cells
Term
developmental
 Definition
structure from conception to physical maturity
Term
embryology
 Definition
structure of early development (<2 months)
Term
pathological
 Definition
structure of abnormal, diseased, or injured tissue
Term
level of organization
 Definition

-atom

-molecule

-macromolecule

-organelle

-cell

-tissue

-organ

-system

-organism
Term
Anatomical position
 Definition

-standing erect

-head, eyes, and toes directed anteriorly

-upper limbs at the sides with palms directed anteriorly

-lower limbs together with the feet directed anteriorly
Term
superior, cephalic, cranial
 Definition
above or closer to head
Term
inferior, caudal
 Definition
below or closer to the feet
Term
anterior, ventral
 Definition
towards front
Term
posterior, dorsal
 Definition
towards back
Term
medial
 Definition
towards midline
Term
lateral
 Definition
away from midline
Term
proximal
 Definition
closer to point of attachment or close to trunk
Term
distal
 Definition
farther from point of attachment or further from trunk
Term
superficial, external
 Definition
towards surface of body
Term
deep, internal
 Definition
toward center or core of body
Term
median, midsagittal
 Definition

verticle plane dividing the body into two symmetrical halves

-equal right and left halves
Term
parasagittal
 Definition

divides body vertically

-right and left sides not necessarily equal
Term
coronal, frontal
 Definition

divides body or any part of it into anterior and posterior parts

-equal anterior and posterior halves
Term
transverse, horizontal, cross-section
 Definition
divides body or any part of it into superior and inferior parts
Term
prone
 Definition
lying with the face down
Term
supine
 Definition
lying on back with the face up
Term
flexion
 Definition
decreases the angle b/w two limb segments
Term
extension
 Definition
increases the angle b/w two limb segments
Term
circumduction
 Definition
rotation of limb around a proximal joint
Term
supination
 Definition
palm facing up
Term
pronation
 Definition
palm facing down
Term
inversion
 Definition
movement of sole of foot towards the body midline
Term
eversion
 Definition
movement of sole of the foot away from the body midline
Term
abduction
 Definition
movement of limb away from the body midline
Term
adduction
 Definition
movement of limb towards the body midline
Term
pollex
 Definition
thumb
Term
hallux
 Definition
big toe
Term
dorsal surface
 Definition
top of hand or foot
Term
plantar surface
 Definition
bottom of foot
Term
palmar
 Definition
palm of hand
Term
a-
 Definition
without, absent
Term
ab-
 Definition
away from, off
Term
-able
 Definition
capable of
Term
ac-
 Definition
toward, to
Term
ad-
 Definition
toward, to
Term
af-
 Definition
movement toward
Term
ante-
 Definition
before, in front of
Term
bi-
 Definition
two, double
Term
-blast
 Definition
germ, forming
Term
brachi-
 Definition
arm
Term
chondro-
 Definition
cartilage
Term
circum-
 Definition
around
Term
-clast
 Definition
break, eating
Term
corp-
 Definition
body
Term
di-
 Definition
two
Term
dis-
 Definition
apart, away from
Term
endo-
 Definition
within
Term
epi-
 Definition
upon, over
Term
exten-
 Definition
move apart
Term
extra-
 Definition
outside of
Term
exo-
 Definition
outside
Term
flex-
 Definition
bring together
Term
hemi-
 Definition
half
Term
hyper-
 Definition
above, over
Term
hypo-
 Definition
under, less
Term
infra-
 Definition
below
Term
inter-
 Definition
between, among
Term
intra-
 Definition
within, inside
Term
myo-
 Definition
muscle
Term
neo-
 Definition
new, young
Term
-oid
 Definition
appearace
Term
-ory
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
para-
 Definition
beside, near
Term
-pathy
 Definition
abnormality, disease
Term
peri-
 Definition
around
Term
post-
 Definition
after
Term
pre-
 Definition
before
Term
proct-
 Definition
anus
Term
re-
 Definition
again, back
Term
retro-
 Definition
back, behind
Term
sarc-
 Definition
flesh
Term
sub-
 Definition
under, below
Term
super-
 Definition
over, beyond
Term
tissues
 Definition
a group of cells of similar structure that perform a common function
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