Term
| Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics |
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Definition
| According to Lemarck, populations evolved by passing acquired traits to offspring. |
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Term
| Theory of Natural Selection |
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Definition
1. Variations are inherent to all populations.
2. Traits/variations are genetically based and are passed from parent to offpsring.
3. Populations have the capacity to reproduce beyond the ability of their resources to sustain them.
4. Competition will insure survival of the fittest and continuation of the population. |
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Term
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Definition
| Change overtime in the characteristics of populations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Different species have similar structures because of the same evolutionary origin despite an differences in current function or appearance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Structures that because of evolution serve no purpose. |
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Term
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Definition
| Natural selection causes non-homologous structures that serve similar functions to resemble each other. |
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Term
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Definition
| Outwardly similar, but non-homologous structures that are typically very different in internal anatomy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breeding of domestic plants and animals to produce specific features. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group that includes all the members of a species living in a given area. |
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Term
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Definition
| All the available genes in a population. |
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Term
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Definition
| The relative proportion of each allele in a gene pool. |
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Term
| Hardy-Weinberg Population (Equilibrium Population) |
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Definition
1. There must be no mutation.
2. There must be no gene flow.
3. Populations must be very large.
4. All mating must be random.
5. No natural selection can occur. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the copied DNA does not match the original and replicates itself. It causes evolution in populations when it is passed down to offspring. |
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Term
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Definition
| When individuals leave their population, and therefore, change the gene pool. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a phenomenon prevents certain alleles from reproducing. |
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Term
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Definition
| This aspect of genetic drift occurs when a population is drastically reduced, limiting the gene pool. |
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Term
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Definition
| This aspect of genetic drift occurs when isolated colonies are founded by a small number of organisms and limits genetic diversity. |
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Term
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Definition
| This can either be inbreeding or mating preferences. |
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Term
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Definition
| Certain genotypes are more favorable and those who exhibit them are more likely to produce more offspring. |
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Term
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Definition
| Characteristics that help an individual survive and reproduce. |
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Term
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Definition
| Non-living factors such climate, water supply, and soil content that determine what traits are beneficial. |
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Term
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Definition
| Living factors such as predators /prey and competition among individuals of a species that determine which traits are beneficial. |
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Term
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Definition
| Constant, mutual feedback between two species. |
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Term
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Definition
| Special kinds of a selection that acts on traits that help an animal acquire a mate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Favors individuals with an extreme value of a trait and selects against both average individuals and those at the opposite side. |
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Term
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Definition
| Favors individuals with an average value trait and disfavors both extremes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Favors individuals with both extremes and disfavors intermediate values. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of populations that evolves independently. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to successfully breed outside the group. |
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Term
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Definition
| A morphological, physiological, behavioral, or ecological difference that prevents members of two species from intermating. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any structure, physiological function, or behavior that prevents organisms of two different species from exchanging gametes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any structure, physiological function, or developmental abnormality that prevents organisms of two different species, once mating has occurred, from producing vigorous, fertile offspring. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prevents interbreeding because the two species live in different habitats or physically separated areas. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when two populations use different resources in different habitats in the same area. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when the two species have different mating seasons. |
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Term
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Definition
| When signals and behaviors differ from species to species. |
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Term
| Mechanical Incompatibilities |
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Definition
| Occur when their organs do not complement one another. |
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Term
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Definition
| When inseminated females are not fertilized by the other species. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the embryo dies because of conflicting genetic instructions. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the offspring is successfully conceived, but does not have developed gametes. |
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Term
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Definition
| If individuals move freely between two populations, interbreeding and the resulting gene flow will cause changes in one population to soon become widespread in the other as well. |
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Term
| Genetic Divergence of Populations |
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Definition
| Populations must evolve sufficiently large genetic differences so that if they are ever reunited they cannot produce vigorous, fertile offspring. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two populations are geographically separated from one another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two populations share the same geographic area. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a population of one species invades a variety of new habitat and evolved in response to the different environmental pressures in those habitats. |
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