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| The organization of similar cells |
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| Organizations of different kinds of tissues |
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| organizations of different organs |
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| Towards middle of structure |
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| Towards or nearest the trunk |
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| Away or farthest from the trunk |
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| length wise right and left sections |
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| sagittal plane that has two equal half’s |
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Thoracic Cavity, Abdominopelvic,
Pelvic Cavity
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· Mediastinum – midportion of thoracic cavity, heart and trachea are located in mediastinum
· Pleural Cavities – right lung located in right pleural, left lung in left pleural
· Diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
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Cranial Cavity contains the brain andSpinal cavity contains spinal cord
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| 2 Major Portions of the Body |
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Axial - head, neck, torso/trunk
Appendicular - upper and lower extremities |
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| Upper and lower left and right |
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Right Hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left Hypochondriac
Right Lumbar Region, Umbilical Region, left lumbar region
Right Illiac (inguinal), Hypogastric, Left illiac (inguinal) |
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homeostatic control system in which information feeding back to the control center causes the causes level of available to be pushed father in the direction of the original deviation causing an amplification of the original stimulus; ordinarily this mechanism is used in the body to amplify a process and quickly finish it
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homeostatic control system in which information feeding back to the control center causes a level of a variable to be changed in the direction opposite to that of the initial stimulus
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| how the body likes to stay, the temperature volume and consistency |
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| laying down but facing up |
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| standing with arms at the sides of palms tuned forward, feet and head forward |
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| Positive charged particle in the nucleous |
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| non-charged particle in the nucleous |
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| number of protons in the nucleus |
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| the farther the orbital is from the nucleus the more energy it has |
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| negatively charged particles |
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| group of atoms bound together |
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| more than one type of atom |
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form when positively and negatively charged atoms (‘ions’) are attracted
One gives the other takes they do not share |
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| Atoms may share or donate electrons to become stable |
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| an ionic compound that dissociates (breaks apart) in water to form individual ions |
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| Hydrogen atoms hang out and have little charge, natural affinity to attract to hold a lager substance together |
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| plus on or minus one neutron in nucleus |
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| 4 main atoms make up 96% of your body |
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| (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen) |
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| solvent (liquid into which solutes are dissolved) |
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| chemical reaction in which water is removed from small molecules so the small molecules can be strung together to form a larger molecule |
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| chemical reaction in which water is added to the subunits of a large molecule to break it apart into smaller molecules |
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| inverse expression of H+ concentration |
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| Buffer is a compound that helps neutralize (maintain pH levels) |
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| Triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol |
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made up of one glyercerol & 3 fatty acids
3 fatty chain that stores energy for the body |
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| one end likes water another doesn't, the cell membrane is made of these |
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| steriod structure made of multiple rings, stabalizes phospholipid tails in cellular membrane |
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| very large molecule made of amino acids held together in long folded chains by peptide |
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| forms structures in the body (collagen, kertin) |
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| catalyst for cellular reaction |
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| nucleotide, phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base |
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| shape of protein determines protein function |
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| Thin, two layered membrane of phospholipids containing proteins |
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| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) |
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| collets and transports proteins made by ribosomes |
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| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) |
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| synthesizes chemicals to make new membrane |
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| Group of flattened sacs near nucleus, • Collect chemicals that move that move from smooth ER in vesicles and process them: called chemical processing and packaging center |
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| ATP to make energy for the cell |
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| Have protective functions (eat microbes) (uses hydrolysis to break apart that do not belong to cell), Membrane-enclosed packets containing digestive enzymes |
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Paired Organelle that lie at right angles
Function is cell reproduction/division |
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Fine Hairlike extension found on free or exposed surfaces of cell membrane
Capable of moving in unison in a wave like fashion
Used for movement |
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| Main job absorption, move liquids |
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| Controls cell because it contains the genetic code instructions for making proteins, which in turn determine cell structure and function, Nucleolus makes ribosomes (the computer) |
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| diffusion, osmosis, filtration (high to low gradient) |
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| Ion pumps, Phagocytosis & pinocytosis |
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| Ion pumps use ATP to move substances across cell membranes against gradients |
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Phagocytosis is a protective mechanism often used to destroy bacteria
Pinocytosis is used to incorporate fluids or dissolved substances |
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| Cell Reproduction Summary |
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Adenine with Thymine, GUanine with Cytosine
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
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| Epithelial, muscle, connective, and nervous tissue |
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| Covers body and lines body cavities |
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| Lipid storage primary function |
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| matrix calcified, meant for support and protection |
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| Matrix is fluid, transportation |
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Skeletal – attached to bones, called Striated or voluntary
Cardiac – striated involuntary
Smooth – non-striated (visceral) or involuntary, found in blood vessels and other tube like organs |
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Neurons – conducting cells
Glia (neuroglia) – supportive and connecting cells |
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Axon (one) carries nerve impulse away from body
Dendrites (one or more) carry nerve impulse toward the cell body
Function - rapid communication between body structures and control of the body functions |
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| occurs when the doubled stranded DNA molecules unwind and form mRNA |
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| a synthesis of a protein by ribosome’s |
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