belief that non-human entities are spiritual beings or at least embody some kind of life principle;

encompasses belief that there souls exist in not only humans, but in animals, plants, rocks & natural phnomenon;

souls may also be attributed to abstract concepts such as words, true names & metaphors 

-sense of smell

-mediated by cells in the nasal cavity of vertebrates & antennae of invertebrates;

-vertebrates have 2 distinct olfactory systems -- main & accessory (used to detect pheremones)

- associative learning

- Pavlov

- NS + UCS

extension of a concept to less-specific criteria

- foundational element of logic & human reasoning

theory of the mind in contemporary philosophy, developed largely as an alternative to both the identity theory of mind & behaviorism; 

core idea = mental states (beliefs, desires, being in pain, etc.) that are constituted solely by their functional role -- that is, they are causal relations to other mental states, sensory inputs & behavioral outputs 

ligand-dependent selectivity for certain signal transdution pathways in one & the same receptor; 

can be present when a receptor has several possible signal transduction pathways; 

to which degree each pathway is activated thus depends on which ligand binds to the receptor

ability to carry out multiple operations or tasks simultaneously; 

the term is used in the contexts of both human cognition, particularly in the ability of the brain to simultaneously process incoming stimuli & in parallel computing by machines 

a neurotransmitter;

one of the catecholamines

one of the catecholamines;

a neurotransmitter found in the brain & in the sympathetic divison of the autonomic nervous system

the levorotatory form of DOPA; 

the precursor of the catecholamines;

often used to treat Parkinson's diesease because of its effect as a dopamine agonist

one of the catecholamines;

a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla;

serves also as a neurotransmitter in the brain

a drug that serves as a noradrenergetic & serotonergic agonist, also known as "ecstacy";

has excitatory & hallucinogenic effects

an indolamine neurotransmitter;

also called 5-hydroxytryptamine

an ionotropic glutamate receptor that controls a sodium channel;

stimulated by kainic acid

a specialized ionotropic glutamate receptor that controls a calcium channel that is normally blocked by Mg2+ ions;

has several other binding sites

an amino acid; 

the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain

specialized neurons that estabilsh themselves during cortical development in a layer near the terminals of the radial glia, just inside the pia mater;

secrete a chemical that controls the establishment of migrating neurons in the layers of the cortex

a fiber bundle that connects the hippocampus w/ other parts of the brain, including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus;

part of the limbic system

a protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus, containing some hypothalamic nuclei;

part of the limbic system