Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Exam 1
Exam 1: EDU Psychology
47
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
09/19/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Validity
Definition
Strength of our conclusion.
Term
Reliability
Definition
Consistency of your measurement.
Term
Bias
Definition
Tendency of leaning one way.
Term
Correlation
Definition
Relationships between variables
Term
Cofounding Variables
Definition
Hidden Variables
Term
Quantitative Research
Definition
Numbers
Term
Qualitative Research
Definition
Words
Term
Premack Principle
Definition
Rule stating that enjoyable activities can be used to reinforce participation in less enjoyable activities.
Term
Positive Discipline
Definition
Focus on positive points of behavior. No bad childeren, just good and bad behaviors.
Term
Vicarious Learning
Definition
Learning through observation of what happens to others and their consequences.
Term
Primary Reinforcers
Definition
Satisfy basic human needs; Water and Food
Term
Secondary Reinforcers
Definition
Consequences that people learn to value, through association with a primary reinforcer.
Term
Intrinsic Reinforcers
Definition
Behaviors that a person enjoys engaging in for their own safety.
Term
Extrinsic Reinforcers
Definition
Praise or rewards given to motivate people to engage in behaviors.
Term
Shaping
Definition
Teaching new skills or behaviors by means of reinforcement for small steps toward a goal.
Term
Modeling
Definition
Imitation of others behavior.
Term
Extinction Burst
Definition
Increase in levels of behavior in the early stages of extinction.
Term
Chunking
Definition

Clumping information together to remember better.

 

USACIAFBIMIA       USA-CIA-FBI-MIA

Term
Elaboration
Definition
Linking info to things in your life that have meaning.
Term
Heurisitics
Definition
"informal, intuitaive, & speculative." Mental Shortcuts to save time.
Term
Deductive Reasoning
Definition
Going from general to the specific.
Term
Inductive Reasoning
Definition
Going from specific to the general.
Term
Defining Features
Definition
Must be necessary and sufficient.
Term
Prototype Theory
Definition
The most representative instance of a given concept. More characteristic
Term
Exemplar Theory
Definition
Highly typical instances of a given concept.
Term
Ill- Structured Problems
Definition
Problems that have multiple paths to their solution, and multiple possible correct answers.
Term
The Law of Effect
Definition
Responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation, and responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situation.
Term
Bobo Doll Experiment
Definition

Prove that children would copy an adult role model's behavior through aggressive and non aggressive behavior.



Term
Automaticity
Definition
Level of rapidity and ease such that tasks can be performed or skills utilized with little mental effort.
Term
Metacognition
Definition

Knowledge about one's own learning.

"Thinking about thinking."

Term
Phonological Loop
Definition
The area of the working memory that holds and processes auditory and verbal information.
Term
Visuospatial Sketchpad
Definition
Stores visual and spatial information
Term
The Dual Code Theory
Definition
Suggest that information coded both visually and verbally is remembered better than information coded in only one of those two ways.
Term
Levels of Processing Theory
Definition
Explanation of memory that links recall of a stimulus with the amount of mental processing it receives.
Term
Characteristic Features
Definition

Features that are descriptive, common, and frequent, but not essential to the meaning of the item.



Term
Types of Heuristics
Definition
Availability, Representativeness, Gambler's Fallacy, & Sunk Cost
Term
Correlation/ Causation Relationship
Definition
Correlation does not imply causation
Term
What types of research studies are there?
Definition

The Simple Experiment

Correlational Studies

 

Term
Best way to recruit research participants?
Definition
Term
Classical Conditioning
Definition
Form of learning in which one stimulus, the conditioned stimulus, comes to signal the occurrence of a second stimulus, the unconditioned stimulus.
Term
Operant Conditioning
Definition
Form of learning in which an individual's behavior is modified by its consequences; the behavior may change in form, frequency, or strength.
Term
Four Consequences of operant conditioning?
Definition
Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, Positive Punishment, Negative Punishment.
Term
Discovered behaviorism and neo-behaviorism?
Definition
John Watson
Term
Behaviorism's Major Flaw?
Definition
Realized that not all behavior could be explained by reflexive
Term
Different Types of schedules of reinforcement?
Definition
Fixed Ratio, Variable Ratio, Fixed Interval, Variable Interval
Term
Three Types of Human Memory
Definition

Sensory- Captured, but not remembered.

 

Long-Term- Unlimited Capacity, Permanent.


Short-Term- Acts as our main processor.

Term
Pre- Sets Automatically Grab Attention?
Definition
Noise, Contrast, Movement
Supporting users have an ad free experience!