Term
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Definition
| involve contraction of skeletal muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| involve the internal organs |
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Term
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Definition
| involve the cranial nerves |
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Term
| 5 components of the reflex arc |
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Definition
| receptos, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector |
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Term
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Definition
stretch reflex
monosynaptic reflex
somatic reflex
fast reflex |
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Term
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Definition
| maintain posture, balace, locomotion. initiated by tapping a tendon, which stretches the muscle, stimulating the muscle spindles and causing contraction. |
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Term
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Definition
polysynaptic reflex
somatic reflex
reflex strength is proportional to the severity of the stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| prevents antagonist muscles from resisting contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| sensory fiers from the trigeminal nerve detect pressure on the cornea, motor fibers from the facial nerve acts like a hook to close the eyelid. |
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Term
| the pupillary light reflex |
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Definition
optic nerve (sensory) - ocularmotor nerve (motor)
both ipsilateral and contralateral |
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Term
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Definition
| touch, pain, pressure, temperature, stretch, vibration |
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Term
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Definition
| sensory receptors get used to the sensation and stop firing (except with pain) |
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Term
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Definition
provide information about the external world.
nocioceptors, thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors. |
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Term
| interoceptors/visceroceptors |
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Definition
respond to stimuli within the body
found in internal visceral organs |
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Term
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Definition
free nerve endings
found in joints, bones, visceral organs, skin
do not exhibit adaptation |
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Term
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Definition
free nerve endings
changes in temperature
exhibit adaptation |
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Term
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Definition
free nerve endings - tickle and itch sensations
root hair plexus - feel hair move
merkel cells and tactile discs - in epidermis, light touch |
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Term
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Definition
| light touch and vibration (most superficial) |
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Term
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Definition
| deep touch or vibration (deepest) |
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Term
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Definition
| deep touch and vibration (middle) |
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Term
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Definition
when neurons from different areas travel together it is hard to tell where the pain is coming from
ex: heart and left shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
monitor the position of limbs in space
-muscle spindle fibers
located in joint capsules
information goes to the cerebellum and cerebral cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| olfaction, gustation, vision, equilibrium, hearing |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| transmission of olfactory information |
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Definition
from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex
from the olfactory tract to the limbic system |
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Term
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Definition
sour - H+
salty - sodium
sweet - organic molecules
bitter - nitrogen
umami - amino acids like glutamate, found in meat |
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Term
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Definition
circumvallate, fungiform, filiform
taste buds are inside papillae |
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Term
| transmission of gustatory information |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
white of the eye
protects
attachment point for extrinsic eye muscles |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| result of inflammation of the sebaceous and sweat glands around the eyelash |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
reduce friction on eye surface
antibiotic enzyme called lysozyme
provide oxygen to the eye surface
remove debris and other irritants |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| iris, pupil, ciliary body, choroid |
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Term
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Definition
| neural part, pigmented part |
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Term
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Definition
clear, continuous with the sclera
gets oxygen from tears
contains no blood vessels
lots of free nerve endings |
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Term
| pupillary dilator muscles |
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Definition
radial muscles
contraction enlarges the pupil in low light
sympathetic |
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Term
| pupillary constrictor muscles |
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Definition
sphincter muscles
contraction decreases pupil diameter in bright light
parasympathetic |
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Term
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Definition
in the vascular layer
attaches to the lens via the suspensory ligaments, the ciliary muscles and ligaments control lens shape
it makes aqueous humor |
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Term
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Definition
| aqueous humor builds up and presses on the lens, causing pressure on the retina |
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Term
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Definition
the vascular layer
in between the sclera and retina
rich with blood vessels, provides oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| ganglion cells, bipolar cells, rods and cones, pigmented layer |
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Term
| transmission of visual information |
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Definition
| from the optic nerve to the occipital cortex |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
scala vestibuli - perilymph
scala media, cochlear duct- endolymph and organ of corti
scala tympani - perilymph |
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Term
| transmission of hearing information |
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Definition
| from the cochlear nerve to the auditory cortex |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| involves saccule and utricle |
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Term
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Definition
oval structures inside the saccule and utricle involved in static equilibrium
otoliths, gelatinous material, hair cells, nerve fibers |
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Term
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Definition
structure at the base of each semicircular canal involved in rotational equilibrium
ampulla, cupula, crista, hair cells, supporting cells, sensory nerves |
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Term
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Definition
pinna
lobule
external acoustic meatus
tympanic membrane |
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Term
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Definition
semicircular canals
vestibule
cochlea
pharyngealtympanic tube |
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