Term
lysergic and diethylamide (LSD) |
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Definition
indole hallucinogen--presynaptic 5HT agonist (trippin) --sympathomimetic, psychic changes, sensory distortions |
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Term
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Definition
indole hallucinogen in mushrooms--presynaptic 5HT agonist (trippin) --sympathomimetic, psychic changes, sensory distortions |
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Term
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Definition
indole hallucinogen in mushrooms and toads--presynaptic 5HT agonist (trippin) --sympathomimetic, psychic changes, sensory distortions |
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Term
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Definition
indole hallucinogen in african shrub--presynaptic 5HT agonist (trippin) --sympathomimetic, psychic changes, sensory distortions |
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Term
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Definition
phenylethylamine hallucinogen in peyote cactus--presynaptic 5HT agonist (trippin) --sympathomimetic, psychic changes, sensory distortions |
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Term
methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) |
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Definition
phenylethylamine hallucinogen w/ amphetamine like effects--presynaptic 5HT agonist (trippin) --sympathomimetic, psychic changes, sensory distortions |
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Term
phencyclidine (PCP; angel dust; KETAMINE) |
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Definition
hallucinogen/stimulant at high doses--NMDA antagonist (trippin) --psychotic rxns, hyperreflexia, increased muscle tone, hypertension, VERTICAL NYSTAGMUS |
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Term
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Definition
hallucinogenic, salvinorin A--kappa opioid agonist and D2 agonist |
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Term
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Definition
stimulant/pain reliever--mu opioid agonist (self directed pain management and opioid withdrawal, abused) |
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Term
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Definition
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor--increases Ach in nucleus basalis of meynert (alzheimers) --cholinergic effects |
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Term
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Definition
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor--increases Ach in nucleus basalis of meynert (alzheimers) --less cholinergic effects |
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Term
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Definition
NMDA antagonist in hippocampus and frontal cortex--prevents glutamate cytotoxicity (alzheimers) |
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Term
vitamin E (alpha-tocophenol) |
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Definition
antioxidant--reduce degenerative changes and slow progression of alzheimers |
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Term
seligiline/deprenyl (eldepryl) |
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Definition
antioxidant--MAO inhibitor that may reduce degenerative changes and slow progression of alzheimers |
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Term
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Definition
NMDA antagonist--inhibits glutamate toxicity and slows progression of ALS |
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Term
methylphenidate (ritalin) |
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Definition
stimulant amphetamine--stimulates release and inhibits reuptake of NE and DA (mainstay for ADHD) --sympathomimetic, tremors, appetite suppresion |
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Term
d-amphetamine, d,l-amphetamine (adderall) |
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Definition
mixture of amphetamine salts--stimulates release and inhibits reuptake of NE and DA (ADHD) --sympathomimetic, tremors, appetite suppression |
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Term
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Definition
NE reuptake inhibitor (ADHD) --non-stimulating, hepatotoxic |
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Term
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Definition
estrogen in COC's--inhibit LH/FSH secretion (contraceptive) --thromboembolic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
estrogen in COC's--inhibit LH/FSH secretion (contraceptive) --thromboembolic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
progestin in COC's--inhibit LH/FSH secretion (contraceptive) --thromboembolic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
progestin in COC's--inhibit LH/FSH secretion (contraceptive) --thromboembolic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
progestin in COC's--inhibit LH/FSH secretion (contraceptive) --thromboembolic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
progestin in COC's--inhibit LH/FSH secretion (contraceptive) --thromboembolic disorders, aldosterone antagonist activity |
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Term
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Definition
progestin in COC's--inhibit LH/FSH secretion (contraceptive) --thromboembolic disorders |
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Term
norethindrone (micronor; nor-Q.D) |
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Definition
oral progestin only tablets "minipills"--increased viscosity of cervical mucous, inhospitable uterus for implantation (women who want contraceptives but have contraindications for estrogen use or are lactating) --not as effective as COC's |
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Term
medroxyprogesterone acetate (depo-provera, depo-subQ provera 104) |
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Definition
IM or subQ injection of progestin every 3mo--inhibits ovulation (contraception) --contraindicated in patients w/ osteoporosis, subQ can be self administered but much more expensive |
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Term
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Definition
subdermal progestrin rod (contraceptive) --3yrs |
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Term
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Definition
intrauterine device--prevents fertilization, implantation, sperm transport (10yr contraceptive) --PID |
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Term
levonorgestrel (mirena, skyla) |
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Definition
intrauterine progestin device--prevents ovulation, implantation, sperm transport (5yr contraceptive) --PID |
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Term
levonorgestrel (plan B kit, next choice) |
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Definition
plan B is 1tab, next choice is 2tabs progestin--inhibits ovulation, decreases implantation, decreases corpus luteum activity, inhibits sperm transport (emergency contraception) --must be taken within 120hrs post intercourse, N/V |
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Term
unipristal acetate (ella) |
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Definition
progesterone antagonist/partial agonist--inhibits ovulation (emergency contraception) |
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Term
conjugated equine estrogens (premarin) |
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Definition
Estrogen replacement therapy (vasomotor symptoms of menopause, vaginal atrophy/dryness) --thromboembolism |
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Term
conjugated equine estrogens + medroxyprogesterone acetate (prempro) |
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Definition
Hormone replacement therapy--estrogen+progesterone (vasomotor symptoms of menopause, vaginal atrophy/dryness) --thromboembolism |
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Term
raloxifene hydrochloride (evista) |
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Definition
estrogen agonist on bone receptors--inhibits proliferation of osteoclasts, increases transforming growth factor B3, decreases IL-6 (osteoporosis, breast cancer prophylaxis) --vasomotor SE's, thromboembolism |
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Term
clomiphene (clomid, serophene) |
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Definition
anti-estrogen--inhibits neg. feedback of estrogen on hypothalamus increasing FSH and LH (female infertility) --hot flashes, multiple pregnancies, ovarian cysts, blurred vision, ovarian cancer |
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Term
leuprolide acetate (lupron depot IM, lupron subq) |
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Definition
GnRH agonist--decreases androgen production (androgen dependent prostate cancer mainly, also endometriosis, precocious puberty) --impotence and decreased lipido |
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Term
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Definition
LH and FSH isolated from postmenopausal women--induce ovulation in infertile women, stimulate spermatogenesis in males (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) --ovarian enlargement, multiple gestations |
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Term
chorionic gonadotropin (pregnyl) |
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Definition
hCG from urine of pregnant women (prepubertal cryptochidism, spermatogenesis in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, induce ovulation) --multiple gestations |
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Term
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Definition
transdermal testosterone (hypogonadism, testosterone deficiency, male senescence/ANDRO-pause, athletic enhancement) --cardiovascular events |
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Term
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Definition
transdermal testosterone (hypogonadism, testosterone deficiency, male senescence/ANDRO-pause, athletic enhancement) --cardiovascular events |
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Term
finasteride (proscar, propecia) |
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Definition
type II 5-alpha reductase inhibitor--decreases conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (BPH, male pattern baldness) --impotence |
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Term
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Definition
type I and II 5-alpha reductase inhibitor--decreases conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (BPH) --impotence |
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Term
oxytocin (pitocin, syntocinon) |
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Definition
--increases Calcium w/i endometrial smooth muscle, increases PGE (induction of labor contractions, reduce postpartum hemorrhage, abortion) --decrease BP, tachy, antidiuretic |
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Term
dinoprostone (prepidil, cervidil, prostin E2) |
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Definition
PGE2--increases secretion of collagenase, increase Ca in smooth muscle (stimulate uterine contractions, softening and dilation of cervix, abortion) --N/V |
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Term
carboprost tromethamine (hemabate) |
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Definition
15-methyl PGF2-alpha--increases secretion of collagenase, increase Ca in smooth muscle (unresponsive postpartum bleeding, 2nd tri abortion) |
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Term
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Definition
PGE1 analog--increases secretion of collagenase, increase Ca in smooth muscle (early termination of pregnancy) --in combo w/ mifepristone |
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Term
ergonovine maleate (ergotrate) |
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Definition
ergot alkaloid--alpha agonist (postpartum/postabortion hemorrhage) --hypertension, N/V/D |
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Term
methylergonovine maleate (methergine) |
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Definition
ergot alkaloid--alpha agonist (postpartum/postabortion hemorrhage) --not as much hypertension, N/V/D |
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Term
mifepristone-RU486 (mifeprex) |
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Definition
antiprogestin--detachment of the products of conception, sensitizes uterus to PGE (abortion) --used before misoprostol |
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Term
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Definition
prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor (delay labor) --premature closure of PDA, oligohydramnios |
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Term
nifedipine (procardia, adalat) |
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Definition
Ca channel blocker--decreases Ca influx into endometrial smooth muscle (delay labor) |
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Term
activated charcoal (charcoAid, liqui-char) |
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Definition
non-specific chelator --limits absorption (toxin ingestion) --must be w/i 4hrs of ingestion |
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Term
polyethylene glycol, PEG-3350 (glycoLax, miraLax) |
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Definition
bowel irrigation (toxin ingestion, lithium) |
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Term
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Definition
alcohol dehydrogenase inhitor (methanol/ethylene glycol intoxication) |
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Term
hydroxocobalamin (cyanokit) |
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Definition
combines w/ cyanide to produce vit. B12 |
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Term
pralidoxime, 2-PAM (protopam chloride) |
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Definition
reactivates acetylcholinesterase (organophosphate/nerve antitoxin) --must be given immediately |
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Term
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Definition
metal chelator (severe lead poisoning) --nephrotoxic, chills, fever, N/V |
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Term
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Definition
metal chelator (lead, arsenic, mercury poisoning) |
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Term
organophosphate insecticides/nerve agents |
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Definition
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor--SLUDGE, death w/ resp failure --treat w/ 2-PAM |
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Term
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Definition
windshield washer or paint remover--metabolized to formaldehyde causing CNS depression, blindness, metabolic acidosis--give bicarb and fomepizole |
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Term
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Definition
antifreeze--metabolized to oxalic acid causing hypocalcemia, CNS depression, renal crystals/oxalicaciduria--give Calcium and fomepizole |
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Term
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Definition
water supply--binds sulhydryl groups causing oxidative stress and disrupting proteins, causes rice water diarrhea, and garlic breath acutely, hyerkeratosis/exfoliative dermatitis chronically--give succimer |
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Term
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Definition
paint chips or contaminated water--molecular mimicry of other metals and inhibits Hgb synth., causes hypochromic microcytic anemia, weak wrist and ankle extensors, encephalopathy, colic, gout--give succimer, dexamethasone for encephalopathy, can also give EDTA |
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Term
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Definition
contaminated fish and grain by fungicide--increases intra Calcium and binds metallothionein causing ataxia, blindness, deafness--give succimer |
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Term
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Definition
product of combustion--out competes O2 for heme binding and decreases dissociation of O2 from heme causing HA, dizziness, death--put in hyperbaric oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
present in smoke and industrial byproducts--binds cytochrome oxidase inhibiting ETC causing bitter almond breath, LOC, seizures, coma--give hydroxocobalamin (cyanokit) produces vit B12 in presence of CN- |
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Term
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Definition
filamentous silica in old building materials, causes pleural effusions and mesothelioma lung cancer 15 yrs post exposure |
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Term
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Definition
flame retardants, plasticizers, insulation, herbicides--causes chloracne |
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Term
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Definition
water bottles, plastic lined cans--SE's are unknown but possibly neural and behavioral issues |
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