Term
| The three phases of wound healing are ______________, _____________, and _________________. |
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Definition
Inflammation
Proliferation
Maturation/Remodeling |
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Term
The major inflammatory cell involved in the inflammation phase of wound healing is the:
a. Lymphocyte
b. Macrophage
c. Neutrophil
d. Monocyte
e. Eosinophil |
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Definition
|
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Term
| T/F: during the debridement process of wound healing, the wound may appear to get larger before it gets smaller. |
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Definition
True
On a microscopic level, neutrophils and macrophages are debriding traumatized tissue |
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Term
| The proliferation phase of wound healing is characterized by the appearance of: a. Macrophages b. Neutrophils c. Granulation tissue d. Type III collagen fibers e. All of the above |
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Definition
| c. Granulation tissue Macrophages and neutrophils are present in inflammatory phase (macrophages predominate) Type I collagen fibers replace type III fibers during maturation and remodeling phase |
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Term
| The three components that make up the proliferative stage of wound healing are ________________, _________________, and ___________________. |
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Definition
Fibroplasia
Angiogenesis
Epithelialization |
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|
Term
The most abundant cellular element of healthy granulation tissue is the:
a. Macrophage
b. Neutrophil
c. Type II collagen
d. Myofibroblast
e. Type III collagen |
|
Definition
d. Myofibroblast
Myofibroblasts are aligned within the wound along lines of contraction and have a well-developed alpha-SMA microfilamentous system. |
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Term
| The alpha-SMA (smooth muscle actin) myofilamentous system relates to: a. The fibroblasts that proliferate during the proliferation phase of wound healing. b. The migration of endothelial cells during the proliferation phase of wound healing. c. The change from Type III collagen to Type I collagen during the remodeling phase of wound healing. d. The myofibroblasts that align within the wound along lines of contraction during the maturation/ remodeling phase of wound healing. e. the presence of macrophages during the inflammatory process of wound healing |
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Definition
| d. Myofibroblasts aligning within the wound along lines of contraction during the maturation/remodeling phase of wound healing. |
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Term
| T/F: two options exist for fibroblasts during the proliferative phase of wound healing--apoptosis, or differentiation into myofibroblasts. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| T/F: when signals to downregulate fibroblastic activity is delayed beyond a specific time point, apoptosis of fibroblasts can be permanently impaired and excessive granulation tissue can result. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: the limb wound cytokine population seems to favor fibrogenesis, leading to continued proliferation and continued generation of proinflammatory cytokines, which causes increased proteolytic activity in the wounded area. |
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Definition
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Term
| Angiogenesis during the proliferative stage of wound healing begins on the ______________ (time frame) day following injury. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Epithelial migration begins _____________ hours after wounding, but won't actually be visible for ___________ days. |
|
Definition
24-48 hours after wounding--epithelialization starts
4-6 days after wounding--can see epithelialization |
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Term
| Explain why the neoepidermis during wound repair is so fragile: |
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Definition
| Epidermal cells become attached to the new basement membrane, but this takes a LONG TIME, so the time lag between epithelialization and attachment to the basement membrane is when the neoepidermis is most fragile. |
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Term
| T/F: the greatest rate of connective tissue accumulation occurs 2-4 days after injury, which is when the wound has the most rapid gain in tensile strength. |
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Definition
| False: most rapid gain in tensile strength occurs 7-14 days post injury. |
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|
Term
The lag phase of wound healing:
a. occurs when skin edges retract and the wound area increases temporarily in size
b. lasts for about 5-10 days
c. is when fibroblastic invasion occurs
d. A and B
e. A, B, and C |
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Definition
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Term
| Rapid contraction of wounds occurs with high/low numbers of myelofibroblasts, while slow contraction of wounds occurs with high/low numbers of myelofibroblasts. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Wound contraction halts when:
a. Wound edges meet
b. Tension surrounding the skin is equal or greater than the contractile force of alpha-SMA
c. Very low myofibroblast counts are present (chronic wound)
d. A and B
e. A, B, and C |
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Definition
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|
Term
| T/F: approximately 20% of wound strength is achieved in the first 3 weeks of repair, with wound remodeling continuing for up to 2 years. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| T/F: as wounds remodel, Type III collagen fibers are replaced by type I collagen fibers until a normal skin ratio of 4:1 is achieved |
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Definition
True
Fibers become increasingly cross-linked |
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|
Term
| T/F: a mature wound is typically acellular. |
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Definition
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Term
| The phases of wound repair (inflammation, proliferation, maturation/remodeling) apply to primary/secondary wound healing. |
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Definition
Secondary
Primary wounds are usually made by a surgeon and opposed by suture. |
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Term
| T/F: wound contraction is much greater in the distal limb than it is in wounds on the body. |
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Definition
False
Wound contraction is MUCH greater in body wounds than it is in wounds of the distal limb. The distal limb has more disorganization of myofibroblasts. |
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Term
| T/F: there are more microvessels in the distal limb granulation tissue but lumens of these microvessels are occluded more often, creating a hypoxic environment and delaying wound healing. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: horses tend to have more PMNs during the initial stages of wound healing but these numbers decrease after 3 weeks, while ponies have lower PMNs initially but then they gradually elevate and remain elevated. |
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Definition
False
Ponies--more PMNs initially but gradually decrease
Horses--low PMNs initially but increase and stay up |
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|
Term
| T/F: ponies have more potent peripheral leukocytes |
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Definition
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