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| change over time in the characteristics of populations. |
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| asserts the fact that the earth is very old due to evidence of age in fossils found in sediment representing different times in biological history |
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| inheritance of acquired characteristics |
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| a process in which the bodies of living organisms are modified through the use or disuse of parts, and these modifications are inherited by offpspring. discovered by french biologist Jean Baptiste Lamarck |
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| they have the same evolutionary origin despite any differences in current function or appearance. same bone structure but used for different things. |
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| parts of an organism that serve no purpose due to evolution's impact on whether that part was needed for survival at the time |
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| structures that are typically very different in internal anatomy, because the parts are not derived from common ancestral structures. butterflies and birds. both have wings but they are not structured the same way. |
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| where natural selection causes nonhomologous structures that serve similar functions to resemble one another. which causes analogous structures to occur |
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Evolution is based on four postulates discovered by darwin and Wallace: postulate 1 |
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| individual members of a population differ from one another in many respects |
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| at least some of the differences among members of a populations are due to characteristics that may be passed from parent to offspring. |
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| in each generation, some individuals in a population survive and reproduce but others do not |
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| the fate of individuals is not determined entirely by chance or luck. Instead, an individual's likelihood of survival and reproduction depends on its characteristics. individuals with advantageous traits survive longest and leave the most offpsring, a process known a natural selection |
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| the breeding of domestic plants and animals to produce specific desirable features. |
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| the sum of all the genes in a population |
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| the relative proportion of each allele in a population |
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there must be no mutation there must be no gene flow between populations. that is, there must be no movement of alleles into or out of the population. the population must be very large all mating must be random, with no tendency for certain genotypes to mate with specific other genotypes there must be no natural selection. that is, all genotypes must reproduce with equal success. |
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