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Evolution
End Of Unit IV Exam
16
Biology
10th Grade
03/13/2010

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Term
Evolution
Definition
Change in allele frequencies of a population over time.
Term
Population
Definition
Group of organisms that can potentially interbreed among one another.
Term
Gene Pool
Definition
Collection of all the genes in a population.
Term
Allele
Definition

Specific form of a gene.

 

Term
 Allele Frequency
Definition
The proportion of a specific allele in a population of organisms.
Term
Fitness
Definition
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce.
Term
Darwin's Postulates:
Definition

1. Individuals in a population are not identical there is variation.

 

2. Some of these variations are heritable.

 

3. In every generation, more offspring are reproduced than could survive.         

 

4. Survival and reproduction is not random.

 

Term
Directional Selection
Definition
Phenotypes at one extreme are selected against.
Term
Stabilizing Selection
Definition
Phenotypes near the mean of the population are fitter than those at either extreme.
Term
Disruptive Selection
Definition
The extremes are favored over the means.
Term
Modern Synthesis
Definition
A theory of accumulating several ideas that form our modern understanding of evolution.
Term
Mutation
Definition
Ultimate source of variation within a population.
Term
Reasons a population might evolve:
Definition

  1. Genetic Drift
  2. Mutation
  3. Migration
  4. Natural Selection

Term
Speciation
Definition
the divergence of one species into two.
Term

Macroevolution 

 

Definition
Lots of evolutionary change across very long time intervals.
Term
Sexual Selection
Definition

Refers to selection in which a different set of selective pressures which act on the males of the species than those that act on the females.

 

Sexual Dimorphism is the result of sexual selection.

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