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Evolution
chaapter 15, 16-1 & 16-3
20
Biology
9th Grade
01/14/2009

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Term
evolution
Definition

changes in a kind of organism overtime; precess by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organism

Term
theory
Definition
a well supported and testable explaination
Term
fossil
Definition
preserred remains of envidence of ancient organisms
Term
artificial selection
Definition
selection by human for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation among different organism
Term
struggle for existence
Definition
competition among members of a type of species for food, living space, and other neccesities of life
Term
fitness
Definition
ability of an organism to survuve and reproduce in its enviroment
Term
adaptation
Definition
inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival.
Term

survival the fittest

(natural selection)

Definition
process by which individuals that are better suited in their enviroment survive and reproduce most successfully
Term
common descent
Definition
principle that all living things have a common ancestor
Term
homologous structure
Definition
structure that have different mature forms in different organisms but develop from the same embryotic tissues
Term
gene pool
Definition
combined genetic information of all the members of a particular population
Term
single gene trait
Definition
traits controlled by a single gene
Term
polygenic trait
Definition
trait controlled by 2 or more genes
Term
speciation
Definition
formation of new species
Term
behavioral isolation
Definition
separation of species or populations areable to breed but have different in reproduce behavior that prevent mating
Term
reproductive isolation
Definition
separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offsprings
Term
geographic isolation
Definition
when 2 populations are able to breed but are seperated by barries
Term
temporal isolation
Definition
when 2 populations are able to breed, but reproduce at differnt times
Term
gene frequency
Definition
how common a gene in in a population
Term
vestigal structure
Definition
a structure with no function
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