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Definition
| a localized group of individuals that are able to interbreed and create fertile offspring |
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Definition
| a change in allele frequency in a population over generations |
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Definition
| the expression of different phenotypes because of environmental differences Example: identical twins that have slight differences in appearance |
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Definition
| average loci that are heterozygous |
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Definition
| The study of how populations change over time |
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Definition
| measured as the average percent of loci that are heterozygous in a population |
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Definition
| measured by comparing the DNA sequences of pairs of individuals |
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Definition
| genetic variability based on geographic location Exampe: a certain fish has a higher frequency of the cold adaption gene the farther it gets from the equator |
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Definition
| Consists of all types of alleles for all loci in a population |
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Definition
| all individuals in population are homozygous for allele |
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Definition
| equation for calculating allele frequency |
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Definition
| the frequency of alleles in a nonevolving population will stay constant |
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Definition
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| 5 Conditions for nonevolving populations |
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Definition
| 1. No mutations happening 2. Random mating 3. No natural selection 4. Extremely large population 5. No gene flow |
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Term
Caluclate Allele Frequency
320 red flowers(CrCr)
160 pink (CwCr)
20 white (cwCw) |
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Definition
| .8 Cr alleles .2 Cw alleles |
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Term
| 3 sources of evolutionary change |
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Definition
| Natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift |
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Term
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Definition
| small population becomes separated, significant in small populations, reduces genetic variation |
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Definition
| sudden reduction in population due to a change in environment |
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Definition
| a few individuals become separated |
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Definition
| movement of alleles across a population |
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Definition
| allele frequencies changed based on reproductive success between individuals with that allele |
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Definition
| contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation |
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Definition
| favors individuals at one end of the phenotypic range |
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Definition
| favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range |
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Definition
| favors individuals in the middle of the extremes and acts against individuals on the extreme ends |
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Definition
| natural selection for mating success |
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Definition
| competition among members of one sex for the opposite sex |
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Term
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Definition
| often called mate choice, when individuals of one sex are choosy when choosing their mate |
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Term
| Mate "showiness" such as bright colored feathers on peacocks and ducks is an example of |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Natural selection will maintain stable frequencies of two or more phenotypic forms in a population |
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Definition
| when heterozygous have a higher fitness level then homozygous |
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Term
| Frequency dependant selection |
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Definition
| fitness of phenotypes decline as they become more common |
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