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Definition
| Any inherited feature of an organism that increases its chance of survival; structural, behavioural and functional |
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| The proportion of a given allele in a gene pool as a fraction of all those possible |
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| The different forms of a gene |
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| Evolutionary diversification of related species into different environments or ways of life |
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| Emergence of new species from populations that are geographically separated from eachother |
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| Evolution of species involving a change in gene frequency in an entire population rather than a branching event |
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| Alike in function, but not in structure or evolutionary origin |
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| The study of the distribution of biodiversity over space and time |
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| When populations are reduced to very small numbers and must start again. This leads to very little genetic variation. |
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| A gradual change in the traits of a species over a geographical gradient |
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| A change in the genetic composition of one species in response to a genetic change in another |
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| Have descended from the same person long ago |
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| The study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of organisms, used as evidence of evolution |
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| branch of embryology that deals with the similarities and differences in the development of animals or plants of different orders, it is used as evidence of evolution |
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| State of affairs in which demand for a resource exceed the supply |
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| Keeping or protection of something from change |
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| The movement of the earthÕs continents relative to eachother |
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| Occurs when largely unrelated species evolve similar features |
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| A local interbreeding population of a species |
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Definition
| Selection favouring one extreme of a continuously varying characteristic |
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Definition
| Selection favouring the two ends of a continuously varying characteristic |
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| Where one species evolves into two species |
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| Species confined to a particular region and thought to have originated there |
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| Change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms from one generation to the next |
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| Occurs when the last member dies |
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| The relative breeding success of an individual |
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| The relic or trace of an organism preserved in the rocks being used to date things |
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Definition
| The change in allele frequency due to chance as a small group of ÔfoundersÕ is isolated from the main population and left to form its own new population. Results in very little variation |
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Definition
| The movement of genes from one pool to another |
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Definition
| The proportion of a given gene in a population as a fraction of all those possible |
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Definition
| All the genes in a population |
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Definition
| Random changes in allele frequency due to chance, only significant in small populations |
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Definition
| an allele within a gene pool is not changing in frequency (i.e. evolving). |
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| A model of the rate of evolution where the accumulation of changes resulting in speciation occurs slowly and steadily |
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| Equivalent structure with common evolutionary origin, but which may have different functions |
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| A type of reproductive failure that appears after the F2 generation of crosses between different species or subspecies. It is caused by incompatibility between interacting genes |
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| A hybrid which is fertile, but whose offspring are not healthy enough to survive; usually dying before birth |
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| Hybrid is viable, but the resulting adult is sterile |
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Definition
| An organism that is not indigenous to a given location but instead brought in by humans |
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Definition
| Large changes in a gene pool over a long period of time |
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| The process in which huge numbers of species die out suddenly |
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Definition
| Pieces of rock from space that enter the earths atmosphere and hit the ground |
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Definition
| Small changes in the frequency of alleles in a gene pool over successive generations |
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| The study of biology at a molecular level. Concerned with understanding the interactions between the various systems of a cell and learning how these interactions are regulated |
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| A change in the genetic material that can be inherited |
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| A species that is thought to have originated in the area |
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| Process by which some genotypes have higher reproductive success than others |
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| The role an organism plays in its community |
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| The development of similarities in separate but related evolutionary lineages through the action of similar selection pressures |
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| The movement of the plates of the earthÕs crust |
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Definition
| Having three or more complete sets of chromosomes |
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Definition
| Collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular species |
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| Post-Zygotic Isolating Mechanism |
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Definition
| Barrier that prevents interbreeding that occurs after zygote formation |
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| Pre-zygotic Isolating Mechanism |
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Definition
| Barrier that prevents interbreeding that occurs before zygote formation |
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Definition
| A model of the rate of evolution in which there are long periods of little change in a species punctuated by short bursts of rapid change most often associated with speciation |
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Definition
| A type of cline where the demes are arranged in a circle across the species range, and the demes at the ends may be unable to interbreed |
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Definition
| Something that can change the reproductive success of a population |
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| is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise, |
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| A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce viable offspring |
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| Natural selection against organisms at the extreme ends of the range of phenotypic variation |
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| The taxonomic group that directly follows the species |
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Definition
| An interaction between genes where a particular allele at one locus must be present for expression of another |
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| Speciation not involving a period of geographical separation |
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| All the different options present |
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| Characteristics of organisms which have seemingly lost all or most of their original function in a species through evolution |
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