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Evaluate your life!
Final AP
80
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
05/11/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Olfactory Receptor Cells
Definition
Only neurons that are regularly replaced when damaged.
Term
IX Glossopharyngeal, X Vagus, VII Facial
Definition
Taste Cranial Nerves (3)
Term
Epithelial Hair Cells
Definition
Receptors for hearing and balance
Term
Mechano
Definition

Epithelial hair cells are a type of _________

receptor

Term
Vibrations decrease
Definition
Result of tympanic reflex
Term
Transmits vibrations to auditory ossicles
Definition
Function of Tympanic Membrane
Term
sensors of gravity and linear movement
Definition
Function of Saccule & Utricle Maculae
Term
Dynamic equilibrium
Definition
Function of Semcircular canals
Term
Hearing
Definition
Function of Cochlea
Term
neurotransmitter
Definition
Connection between th cochlear receptor cells ad the vestibulocochlear cranial nerve
Term
Cornea>Aqueous humor>lens>Vitreous Humor>retina
Definition
Path of light through the eye
Term
Semicircular canals, Eupola
Definition

The organs of dynamic equilibrium are located within the ____________

and employ shifting __________

to generate nerve impulses

Term
Vestibule, Odolymph
Definition

The organs of static equilibrium are located within the _______________

and employ shifting ________________

to generate nerve impulses

Term
Regeneating Rodhopsin
Definition
Why it takes soo long to see in the dark (adjust)
Term
cornea and sclera
Definition
Fibrous tunic of the eye is divided into the ____________ and _____________
Term
Glaucoma
Definition
Increase in aqueous fliud pressure
Term
Accomodation, cilliary muscle contraction
Definition
________________ Describes the change needed for te eyes to focus on near objects, and results from _________________
Term
Fovea Centralis, Macula Lutea
Definition
Point of sharpest retinal vision is called the ____________, And is found in the ____________
Term
Rods, Vitamin A
Definition

Rhodopsin is found in the ________

and is synthesized from ________, karotene

Term
Prolactin
Definition
Which hormone is least necessary
Term

medulla- epinephrine, noreepinephrine

Cortex- Mineral corticoids, glucocorticoids, aldosterone, cortisone

Definition
Hormones secreted by the adrenal gland medulla, cortex
Term

ant- TSH, FSH, LH, PRL, GH, ACTH, MSH

pos- oxytocin, vasopressin

Definition
hormones secreted by the pituitary gland
Term
Steroid, non-steroid, lipid-base, amino acids
Definition
Chemical classes of hormones
Term
epinephrine
Definition
Steroid Hormone
Term
Cholesterol
Definition
Precursor
Term
Soluble, go through
Definition

Steroid hormones are ______

in the bloodstream, and _______ at the target cell

Term
non-soluble, combines wih binding site
Definition

non-steriod hormones are ___________--

in the bloodstream and ______________

at the target cell

Term
Potassium, Adrenocortex
Definition

Aldosterone promotes homeostasis by causing the kidneys to secrete ____________

and is secreted from the __________

Term
FSH, glucagon, TSH
Definition
Employs CAMP as 2nd messenger
Term
Blood sugar to rise, protein
Definition

Insulin causes ____________

and is a _____________ hormone

(increase in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose)

Term
arachidonc acid, advil
Definition

Prostaglandins are produced from ___________

and this production is inhibited by __________

Term
Hypothalamus, ant. Pituitary, Hypopyseal portal
Definition
relasing hormones are produced by the  ___________ and stimulate secretions from the __________ via the _________
Term
Thyroid, Thyroxine, metabolism
Definition
The ___________ gland secretes __________ which exerts th greatest influence on ___________
Term
parthyroid, parthormone, osteoclast
Definition
The ___________ gland secretes ___________ which stimulates __________ activity
Term
hemocytoblast
Definition
Precursor of all blood lines cells
Term
platelets, granulocytes
Definition
megakaryocytes will differentiate into ___________ whereas myeloblasts differentiate into _______
Term
Kidney, Erythryopoetin
Definition

The ____ organ has a primary role in stimulating red blood cell formation through __________

hormone

Term
red blood cell, liver, spleen
Definition
When mature the _________ hasno nucleus and when it is old macrophages in the _____ and ______
Term
pernicious anemia, aplastic/hemolytic
Definition
A diet deficient in vitamin B-12 may result in _____________________ whereas toxins that destroy bone marrow/erythrocytes results in ________________/_____________ anemia
Term
All
Definition
Extrinsic clotting mechanism includes ___
Term
monocytes and lymphocytes, Basophils and eosinophils
Definition
Agranulocytes include _______________ while _____________ are neutral
Term
Eosinophil, Basophil, B lymphocyte
Definition

allergic reactions

histamine and heparin

plasma cells

Term

Albumin,

Thrombin

Definition

maintain blood osmotic pressure,

have a role in blood coagulation

Term
A, anti-B
Definition
A person with type A blood has __ antigens, and _______ antibodies
Term
O, AB
Definition
universal donor, universal recipient
Term
Spasm
Definition
Ist response to a blood vessel breaking
Term
Rh-, 2nd Rh+
Definition
Erthroblastosis fetalis is compliction involving a prenant woman who is ____type with a _______ type fetus
Term
Left ventricle
Definition
pumps blood into the aorta
Term
4200 multiply
Definition

cardiac output= stroke volume 60

heart rate 70

Term
leukocytosis
Definition
low white blood cell count 25,000 constitutes
Term
arterie burst
Definition
blood immedietly starts spurting..
Term
sypathetic responses
Definition
what would body do in shock
Term
Angina
Definition
Myocardial ischemia
Term
Systole
Definition
1st heart sound lubb results from AVvalve closing during ________
Term
R. Atrium
Definition
The ______ chamber of heart contains sinoatrial node (pacemaker)
Term
decreasing
Definition
Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus respond to streching by _________ the heart rate
Term
r. coranary, LAD, circumflex
Definition
Major coranary artieries
Term
100, tachycardia
Definition
abnormally fast heart rate, exceeding __________ bpm is called _________
Term
Filtration, osmotic
Definition
water moving through the arteriolar ends of capillary through ___________, venous __________
Term
systolic, ventricular sytole
Definition
max hydrostatic pressure __________ associated with ____________
Term
Right atrium, peripheal edema
Definition
central venous pressure is measured in the ____________ and can lead to ________________ if too high
Term
hepatic portal
Definition
venous system ___________ carries blood from the intestines to the liver
Term
lymph, left subclavian
Definition
the thoracic duct empties __________ into _________
Term
muscle activity
Definition
Causes lymph to flow
Term
edema
Definition
may happen during masectomy
Term
filter lymph
Definition
function of spleen
Term
upper chest, white blood cells t-cells
Definition
Thymus gland located _______________ associated
Term

do not kill foriegn or virally infected cells

opsonization , antigens are easily phagocytized, neutralize toxins, precipitate chemicals, activating complement

Definition
Functions of antibodies
Term
fever, macrophages, naural killer cells
Definition
nonspecific immunity
Term
redness, swelling, pain, heat, tenderness, puss
Definition
inflammation syptoms
Term
antigens
Definition
nonself molecules, elicit an imune response, haptens too small
Term
T cells
Definition
cell mediated
Term
opsonization
Definition
increase chance of phagocytosis
Term
memory B-cell
Definition
increase antibody exposure
Term
artificially active
Definition
vaccination
Term
naturally passive
Definition
placenta
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