Term
| Cercozoans and Radiolarens |
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Definition
~used to be called amoebas
~possess pseudopods
~CaCO3 shells called tests
~White Cliffs of Dover (Form.)
~Protist |
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Term
|
Definition
~pseudopods for movement and feeding
~Protist
(Cercozoans and Radiolarens) |
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Term
|
Definition
~soil and water
~Protist
~(Cercozoans and Radiolarens) |
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Term
|
Definition
~parasitic;
~E. histolytica --> dysentery
~Protists
(Cercozoans and Radiolarens) |
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Term
| Diplomonads and Parabasalids |
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Definition
~unicellular, flagellated anaerobes
~often in intestines
~sometimes in urogenital tract
~some are parasites
~diplomonad: Giardia lamblia
giardiasis; waterborne diarrhea
~parabasalid: Trichomonas vaginalis
STD/STI; survives well on towels, toilet seats, etc |
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Term
|
Definition
~unicellular and flagellated
~some parasites
1. Kinetoplastids
2. Euglenids |
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Term
|
Definition
~Euglenozoa
~most aquatic and feed on bacteria
~Trypanosoma brucei; tsetse fly -->African sleeping sickness |
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Term
|
Definition
~Euglenozoa
~Euglena sp.)
~aquatic; phagocytosis or use chloroplast from green algae |
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Term
|
Definition
| ER-proteins for surface of cell or export |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
~traffic center
~vesicles do the transport |
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Term
|
Definition
| vesicle with acid and enzymes endocytosed food digested here |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
~size & shape of bacteria
~Krebs cycle in matrix
~ETC and ATP synthase in cristae of IM
~some DNA & ribosomes
~probably from endosymbiosis of an alpha proteobacterium
~most genes since exported to nucleus
~anaerobes without them had them once; gene evidence |
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Term
|
Definition
~in some anaerobes
~fermentation with kicker: pyruvate --> acetate + ATP
~also produce CO2 and H2
~Probably degenerate form of mitochondria
~Methanogens nearby |
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Term
|
Definition
~thylakoid membranes inside 2 surrounding membranes
~contains PS’s & ETC
CO2 fixation in stroma |
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Term
|
Definition
| The supportive tissue of an epithelial organ, tumor, gonad, etc., consisting of connective tissues and blood vessels |
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Term
|
Definition
~primary involved ancestor of Cyanobacteria
~found in red and green algae and plants |
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Term
|
Definition
| ~involved endosymbiosis of red or green algae |
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Term
| constantly changing picture |
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Definition
a. 18S rRNA analysis not as compelling as 16S rRNA analysis with prokaryotes; comparisons of other genes being used to modify tree
b. catchall category of “Protists” constantly being reorganized – once upon a time:
protozoa – animal-like; classified by motility
algae – plant-like; classified by color (2o pigments)
some algae were even in Plantae |
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Term
|
Definition
~most have cell walls of chitin--> NAG polymer (peptidoglycan); where else seen exoskeletons
~heterotrophs; absorptive nutrition with exoenzymes
~many are saprophytes; mineralization
~pathogens: some animal, many plant
~structure: molds, yeasts, & mushrooms
~filamentous cells called hyphae
-woven hyphae --> mycellium
hyphae septate or coenocytic
-aerial hyphae --> conidiospores |
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Term
|
Definition
| Each of the branching filaments that make up the mycelium of a fungus |
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Term
|
Definition
| The vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of a network of fine white filaments (hyphae) |
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Term
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Definition
| Septate hyphae have cross-walls (called septa) that divide the cytoplasm into segments. They usually aren't complete divisions, so cytoplasm can still flow between them. |
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Term
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Definition
| hyphae lack septa are known as "aseptate" or "coenocytic" |
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Term
| reproductive/aerial hyphae |
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Definition
~portion involved in reproduction
~conidiospores-->an asexually produced fungal spore formed on a conidiophore |
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Term
| unicellular fungi (yeasts) reproduction |
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Definition
~asexually by either:
binary fission or
an asymmetric division called budding which leaves scars
~Fungi once classified by type of Sexual spores |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
1.chytrids
2. Zygomycetes
3. glomermycetes
4. ascomycetes/sac fungi
5. basidomycetes |
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Term
|
Definition
~Fungi type
~often aquatic motile zoospores; some pathogens; aquatic saprophytes |
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Term
|
Definition
Fungi type
~terrestrial
~saprophytes (bread mold) |
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Term
|
Definition
~mycorrhizae
~associated with ~80% land plants |
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Term
|
Definition
~yeasts
~MBF? Saccharomyces cerevisiae
~asexual reproduction by budding
~meiosis produces ascospores which are haploid
~a + alpha mating restores dipliod |
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Term
|
Definition
~mushrooms & puffballs
~hapliod mycelia fuse --> dikaryotic mycelium (2 haploid nuclei but remain distinctive in cytoplasm)
-gives rise to basidiocarp
- nuclear fusion then meiosis--> basidiospores |
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Term
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Definition
| ~the fruiting body of a basidiomycete which bears its spores on special cells |
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Term
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Definition
| A spore produced by a basidium |
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Term
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Definition
~along with plants, descended from primary endosymbiont
~green algae closest plant relative
secondary endosymbioses --> other algae |
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Term
|
Definition
~phycobiliproteins instead of chlorophyll b
~Photopigment: phycoerythrin red coloration
~marine habitat most common
~some unicellular & some multicellular (source of AGAR)
~also source of carrageenans –Thickening agents for food |
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Term
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Definition
~Green Algae – two groups:chlorophytes & charopyceans
~Charopyceans closest to plants
~Freshwater most common habitat
~complex life cycles with sexual and asexual phases
~Chlamydomonas is the green E. coli |
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