Term
| What cultural differences should be considered when giving attn to cultural differences and how they impact the counseling relationship? |
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Definition
race, ethnicity, gender, age, social class, sexual/affectional orientation, disability status, geographic location, language, marital status, religion
as well as other differences that may not be visible |
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Term
| What are the goals of multicultural practice? |
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Definition
counseling awareness of his/her own biases/values/assumptions
increasing awareness of other cultural groups
developing cultural appropriate intervention strategies for assisting diverse clientele |
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Term
| What are a counselors responsibilities in assisting clients who may have suffered illegal discrimination? |
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Definition
| help them consider their options and potl consequences of ea. option |
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Term
| What is the culturally encapsulated counselor? |
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Definition
| counselors who define reality according to one set of cultural assumptions and fail to evaluate other viewpoints, tend to ignore evidence that challenges to their own assumptions |
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Term
| What is one of the limitations of codes of ethics in regards to multicultural competencies? |
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Definition
| They are reactive rather than proactive and tend to lag behind social changes |
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Term
| T/F All counseling is cross-cultural |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
race - socially constructed concept used to classify groups of people
ethnicity- refers to the connectedness based on commonalities in which cultural patterns are shared and transmitted |
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Term
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Definition
| directly inviting the client to explore issues of diversity |
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Term
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Definition
sex- biological differences
gender - roles, behaviors, and attitudes expected of people based on their biological sex |
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Term
| What are two reasons gender issues may be overlooked in counseling? |
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Definition
- widely held assumption that women have achieve equality
- many counselors are women and there is an assumption that these practitioners have the awareness/skills to counselor other women effectively |
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Term
| What is relational counseling theory? |
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Definition
| counseling theory rooted in relationship experiences which seem to be more relevant to women than other development models |
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Term
| What are some of the biases against low SES clients in mental health services |
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Definition
more freq and severely diagnosed
prescribed dif treatments based solely on class
placed in noncollege prep tracks in education
have fewer services available to them/less experienced clinicians to serve them |
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Term
| What competencies do Bienvenu and Ramsey suggest counselors need to be competent in working across the SES divide? |
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Definition
- counseling skills grounded in empowerment
- systemic approach that includes understanding of other systems (education, justice etc.) that impact client lives
- skills to advocate for low-income clients
- ability to collaborate with families and community resources |
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Term
| GLBTQ clients vs. heterosexual clients |
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Definition
| GLBTQ clients seek counseling at a higher rate and participate longer in counseling relationships than do hetero clients |
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Term
| What is the largest minority group in the US? |
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Definition
| individuals with disabilities |
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Term
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Definition
| form of discrimination against indls with physical, developmental or mental disabilities that is characterized by the belief that these indls cannot function as full members of society |
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Term
| This group tends to underutilize mental health services, perhaps because of the stigma they attach to psychological services |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a personal relationship w/ a higher power and faith that may be used to find meaning in life |
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Term
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Definition
| shared set of practices and beliefs that is assoc with denominational affiliation |
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Term
| What % of clients believe that religious/spiritual values and experiences are impt to address in counseling? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a counselor has such rigid religious beliefs that disallow a client exploring their own religious/spiritual issues - what are their options |
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Definition
- refer
- include in their informed consent that religious discussions are discouraged/limitations to discussion related to the counselor's personal religion |
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Term
| T/F All ethical standards are best seen as multicultural standards |
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Definition
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Term
| respect for autonomy vs. cultural autonomy |
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Definition
| cultural autonomy includes when clients make choices/decisions in the context of a family or tribe (collectivism); often respect of autonomy is interpreted as meaning an indls making the decision only for themselves |
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Term
| What responsibility do counselors have re: clients who may be victims of illegal discrimination? |
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Definition
| Counselors are not responsible for ensuring that laws are followed in our society and thus do not have a professional responsibility to expose those who they think may be illegally discriminating. However, do have a responsibility to help a client think through the pros and cons of different actions |
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Term
| What is a counselor's responsibility in protecting clients from harm? |
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Definition
| in some situations may need to take action to prevent harm to a client, esp protect children who may be at risk for experiencing violence in schools |
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