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Essentials of Sociology Chapter 9
Race and Ethnicity
38
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
11/02/2010

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Term
Race
Definition
Group of people with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it for another group.
Term
False Concept
Definition
A myth.
Term
Myth #1
Definition
A superior race.

Example - Nazi Germany or White Supremacists.
Term
Myth #2
Definition
A pure race exists. (Not 100%)

Guy scrape cheek + Research DNA (Ancestors)
Term
Ethnicity (cultural characteristics)
Definition
People who identify with each other based on ancestry and heritage.
Term
Minority Group
Definition
People who are singled out for unequal treatment; objects of discrimination.
Term
Dominant Group
Definition
Group with greater power, privilege, and social status.
Term
Minority is determined in 2 ways:Political Expansion and Migration. What is Political Expansion?
Definition
Country taken over.
Term
Minority is determined in 2 ways:Political Expansion and Migration. What is Migration?
Definition
People move.
Term
Migration is one of two ways that minority is determined. In migration people move in two ways. What is voluntary?
Definition
Hispanics, from the far East.
Term
Migration is one of two ways that minority is determined. In migration people move in two ways. What is voluntary?
Definition
Slaves.
Term
Ethnic Work
Definition
The way people construct their ethnicity. Keep ethnic distinctions (food, dress, language, religion)
Term
Melting Pot
Definition
Many groups blended together.
Term
Discrimination
Definition
Action against another person or group.
Term
Racism
Definition
Discrimination based on race.
Term
Prejudice
Definition
Attitude, prejudging (usually negative)
Term
Internalization of the Norms of the Dominant Group
Definition
Gradual acceptance of dominant norms by the minority group.
Term
Individual Discrimination
Definition
Negotiate treatment of one person by another. - Individuals
Term
Institutional Discrimination
Definition
Discrimination in society. (Loans, jobs, housing, health care, education)I told you inner city kids are poor and stupid, women just can't do "business".
Term
Theories of Prejudice has 2 perspectives, Psychological (Inside a person) and Sociological (Outside a person. What is the Psychological Perspective?
Definition
Authoritarian personality. Respect for authority and are submissive to superiors.
Term
Theories of Prejudice has 2 perspectives, Psychological (Outside a person) and Sociological (Outside a person. What is the Sociological Perspective?
Definition
Functionalism. Look at benefits and costs from discrimination.
Term
Conflict Theory
Definition
Groups in power exploit racial and ethnic divisions to maintain power.
Term
Reserve Labor Force
Definition
Unemployed (Used)
Term
Split Labor Market
Definition
Divide workers to create fear.
Term
Symbolic Interactionism
Definition
How labels affect perception and create prejudice.
Term
Selective Perception
Definition
Lead us to some things and blind us to others.
Term
Compartmentalize
Definition
Separate acts from sense of being good/moral people.
Term
Population Transfer there is Indirect and Direct. What is Indirect Population Transfer?
Definition
Make life so unbearable for a minority that they have to leave.
Term
Population Transfer there is Indirect and Direct. What is Direct Population Transfer?
Definition
Dominant Groups, expel the minority. (Native Americans)
Term
Ethnic Cleansing
Definition
Forced death or flight.
Term
Internal Colonialism
Definition
Dominant group exploits minority groups for economic advantage. (slavery)
Term
Segregation
Definition
Separation of racial or ethnic groups (Vega Model)
Term
Assimilation
Definition
Process for a minority group to become absorbed into mainstream culture. Forced - Dominant group forces customs and language on minority groups.

Permissible - Allows minority group to adapt the dominant characteristics at their own race.
Term
Multiculturalism (Pluralism-book definition)
Definition
Encourages racial and ethnic variation.
Term
European American
Definition
W.A.S.P. = Anglo-Saxon Protestants white ethnics
Term
Rising Expectations
Definition
Belief that better conditions would soon follow.
Term
Native American - Pan-indianism
Definition
Identity that goes beyond tribe.
Term
Affirmative Action
Definition
Create an ethnic balance.
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