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| (antonym of concrete) based on general ideas or qualities rather than specific events or things you can touch, see, hear, etc. |
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| (antonym of abstract) – definite, specific, based on real things |
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| side or part of a problem, relationship, or other abstract thing |
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| clear, directly stated (etymology: meaning is "folded out") |
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| not directly or clearly stated; meaning is underlying or hidden (etymology: meaning is "folded in") |
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| a system of ranking which ideas/people/things are more important/powerful |
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| first paragraph(s) of essay that introduce topic and state main point |
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| gets attention, introduces topic |
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| brief description of the topic you are going to write about; background |
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| clearly states main idea in one sentence |
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| paragraphs between intro & conclusion that develop different aspects of the main idea |
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| usually first sentence of body paragraph that states the main idea of the paragraph and directly supports the thesis; one reason the thesis is true; in an analytical essay, not a quote, paraphrase, or event from another text |
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| sets up the evidence: tells when, where, or any other information the reader will need to understand the evidence |
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| fact, example, description, or something else that is not simply your opinion or more explanation and supports the topic sentence |
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| source information given in the same sentence as the paraphrased or quotes evidence, usually in parentheses right after the evidence |
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| (syn.: analysis, significance) explains how and why the evidence confirms the topic sentence |
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| wraps up paragraph and/or provides transition to next paragraph |
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| last paragraph of essay that brings together your ideas and tells your reader why they matter |
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| clear statement of main idea in different words |
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| explains why what you have said matters beyond a discussion of your particular text |
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| strong finish that wraps up the essay and provides a sense of a lesson learned |
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