Unconformities

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Represent a long period during which deposition stopped, erosion removed previously formed rocks, and then deposition resumed

the series of processes by which carbon compounds are interconverted in the environment, involving the incorporation of carbon dioxide into living tissue by photosynthesis and its return to the atmosphere through respiration, the decay of dead organisms, and the burning of fossil fuels.

Habitable zones               

Geographies where where conditions are right to support complex life 

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the study of prehistoric life  

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The sequence of conditions through which water passes from vapor in the atmosphere through precipitation upon land or water surfaces and ultimately back into the atmosphere as a result of evaporation and transpiration.

Several Mass Extinctions

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These five major mass extinction events include the Ordovician Mass Extinction, Devonian Mass Extinction, Permian Mass Extinction, Triassic-Jurassic Mass Extinction, and Cretaceous-Tertiary

1. An idealized cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, remelting, and further igneous intrusion.

    

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 The range of orbits around a star within which a planetary surface can support liquid water given sufficient atmospheric pressure.

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The Ordovician is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era. The Ordovician spans 41.2 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period 485.4 million years ago to the start of the Silurian Period 443.8 Mya.

organisms that thrive in physically or geochemically extreme conditions 

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the idea that Earth has been affected in the past by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope.

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The Silurian is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at 443.8 million years ago, to the beginning of the Devonian Period, 419.2 Mya. The Silurian is the shortest period of the Paleozoic Era.

millions and millions of years of adaptive change 

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the idea that Earth has been changed profoundly over time by slow and continuous processes.

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The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic, spanning 60 million years from the end of the Silurian, 419.2 million years ago, to the beginning of the Carboniferous, 358.9 Mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied

The idea that the same natural laws that operated in Earth's past are operating today.

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study of ancient climates 

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The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period 358.9 million years ago, to the beginning of the Permian Period, 298.9 Mya.

life from non-life 

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The Permian is a geologic period and system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous period 298.9 million years ago, to the beginning of the Triassic period 251.902 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleozoic era; the following Triassic period belongs to the Mesozoic era

The trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface.

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life could have began elsewhere in the solar system then been brought to earth 

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Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column, derived from the notochord. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. Familiar examples of invertebrates include arthropods, mollusks, annelids, and cnidarians.

originating in human activity.

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microbes that require salt concentrations up to 5 times greater than found in the ocean 

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a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age. 

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The Triassic is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.9 million years ago, to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.3 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era

The action of clearing a wide area of trees.

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The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period 145 million years ago to the beginning of the Paleogene Period 66 mya. It is the last period of the Mesozoic Era, and the longest period of the Phanerozoic Eon.

the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat.

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When a weather event is significantly different from the average or usual weather pattern. This may take place over one day or a period of time.

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Mammals are vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia, and characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding their young, a neocortex, fur or hair, and three middle ear bones.

1. the branch of science that deals with planets.

    

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suggests that the Moon formed out of the debris left over from a collision between Earth and an astronomical body the size of Mars, approximately 4.5 billion years ago, in the Hadean eon.

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the process of growth or increase, typically by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter.

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the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.

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compressional waves that are longitudinal in nature.

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The planet Earth at an early stage.

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