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Definition
| Study of ancient climates |
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Definition
The basic building block of all organic, living things on Earth |
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| All life on Earth is based on this molecule |
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Thermophiles/Barophiles
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| Bacteria found in basaltic rocks miles underground; oil-eating bacteria found in oil deposits |
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| Microbes that require salt concentrations up to 5 times greater than found in ocean water |
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| Extremophiles found in many environments (without oxygen) that manufacture organic compounds from inorganic compounds |
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Acidophiles/Alkaliphiles
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| Microbes that thrive in conditions with pH levels less than 3 or greater than 9 |
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Lonely Planet Paradox
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| States that building blocks of life seem to be everywhere, but complex life has not been found anywhere but Earth. |
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Definition
| It is a universal solvent, liquid at temperature which sustain reactions, and combines with other elements. |
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Darwinian Evolution
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| For a chemical to be alive it must be able to grow and have the capacity to reproduce. |
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| A uniquely human perspective developed through an investigation of the origin and evolution of our planet. |
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| A Danish scientist recognized and formulated three simple, yet powerful, rules for the sequence of events for geologic formation |
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Law of Superposition
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Definition
| In any sequence of undeformed sedimentary rocks, the oldest rock is always at the bottom and the youngest is at the top |
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Principle of Original Horizontality
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Definition
| Sediment, when deposited, forms nearly horizontal layers because of gravity. |
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Principle Cross-Cutting Relationships
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Definition
| When a fault or an intrusive igneous rock cuts through existing sedimentary rocks, it must be younger than the structure it cuts. |
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Definition
| Represent a long period during which deposition stopped, erosion removed previously formed rocks and then deposition resumed, |
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| Makes up 85% of geologic time. |
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| Theia Impact, Period of Heavy Bombardment, molten Earth separated into layers. |
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| Earth’s spin slows, continents begin to form, extremophiles exist in underground rock. |
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Definition
| Photosynthesizing bacteria oxygenate the atmosphere, Eukaryotic bacteria evolve, Ediacaran Period of multicellular life, Ends in “Snowball Earth” |
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Term
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Definition
| individual parts of a system |
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Components of the Earth
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Definition
atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, geosphere, and biosphere
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Matter and energy
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Definition
are moved throughout each of Earth’s components due to uneven distributions of heat above or below ground
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Definition
are geographies where conditions are right to support complex life
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he idea that Earth has been affected in the past by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope
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the idea that Earth has been changed profoundly over time by slow and continuous processes
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Uniformitarianism
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Definition
| the idea that the same natural laws that operated in Earth's past are operating today |
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Definition
Variations in surface temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentrations recorded in ice cores illustrate the coupling between atmospheric CO2 and global climate
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Definition
occurring in the tropics today as it did in North America a century ago, when it contributed to the early rise in atmospheric CO2
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Animal Agriculture
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| Leading culprit when it comes to climate change |
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Definition
| Temperature of the troposphere decreases at a rate of 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer altitude increase |
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Definition
Warm water currents move from the equator toward the poles
Cold water currents move from the poles toward the equator
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Term
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Definition
| Areas along the coast have wetter climates with milder temperatures than inland areas with similar latitudes |
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Global Wind Patterns
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Definition
| The Coriolis Effect- the deflection in a fluid moving above the earth’s surface due to the earth’s rotation |
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Definition
| a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air which can be measured by a psychrometer |
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Relative Humidity
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| the amount of water vapor in the air compared with the amount that air can hold at a given temperature |
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Definition
the force produced by the weight of a column of air pushing down on a given area, which can be measured by a barometer
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Definition
| average kinetic energy of the individual particles of matter, which can be measured by a thermometer |
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| the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure, which can be measured by an anemometer |
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| concentrations of condensed water vapor |
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Definition
Works Cited
“Lonely Planet: The Fermi Paradox - Where Are All the Aliens?: NowScience - Daily Science & Technology News: Fermi Paradox, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, Enrico Fermi.” Pinterest, www.pinterest.at/pin/657736720553584678/.
“Precambrian Era.” Walking With Wikis, walkingwith.fandom.com/wiki/Precambrian_Era.
Williams, Matt. “Planet Earth.” Universe Today, 26 May 2016, www.universetoday.com/14367/planet-earth/. |
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