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ESS Command Terms
Most common terms found in ESS Exam questions
33
Environmental Studies
12th Grade
05/09/2022

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Term
Define
Definition
Give the precise meaning of a word, phrase, concept or physical quantity.
Term
Draw
Definition
Represent by means of a labelled, accurate diagram or graph, using a pencil. A ruler (straight edge) should be used for straight lines. Diagrams should be drawn to scale. Graphs should have points correctly plotted (if appropriate) and joined in a straight line or smooth curve.
Term
Label
Definition
Add labels to a diagram
Term
List
Definition
Give a sequence of brief answers with no explanation.
Term
Measure
Definition
Obtain a value for a quantity
Term
State
Definition
Give a specific name, value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation.
Term
Annotate
Definition
Add brief notes to a diagram or graph.
Term
Apply
Definition
Use an idea, equation, principle, theory or law in relation to a given problem or issue.
Term
Calculate
Definition
Obtain a numerical answer showing the relevant stages of working.
Term
Describe
Definition
Give a detailed account.
Term
Distinguish
Definition
Make clear the differences between two or more concepts or items.
Term
Estimate
Definition
Obtain an approximate value.
Term
Identify
Definition
Provide an answer from a number of possibilities.
Term
Interpret
Definition
Use knowledge and understanding to recognize trends and draw conclusions from given information.
Term
Outline
Definition
Give a brief account or summary.
Term
Analyse
Definition
Break down in order to bring out the essential elements or structure.
Term
Comment
Definition
Give a judgment based on a given statement or result of a calculation.
Term
Compare and contrast
Definition
Give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.
Term
Construct
Definition
Display information in a diagrammatic or logical form.
Term
Deduce
Definition
Reach a conclusion from the information given
Term
Demonstrate
Definition
Make clear by reasoning or evidence, illustrating with examples or practical application.
Term
Derive
Definition
Manipulate a mathematical relationship to give a new equation or relationship.
Term
Design
Definition
Produce a plan, simulation or model.
Term
Determine
Definition
Obtain the only possible answer.
Term
Discuss
Definition
Offer a considered and balanced review that includes a range of arguments, factors or hypotheses. Opinions or conclusions should be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.
Term
Evaluate
Definition
Make an appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations.
Term
Explain
Definition
Give a detailed account, including reasons or causes.
Term
Examine
Definition
Consider an argument or concept in a way that uncovers the assumptions and interrelationships of the issue.
Term
Justify
Definition
Provide evidence to support or defend a choice, decision, strategy or course of action.
Term
Predict
Definition
Give an expected result.
Term
Sketch
Definition
Represent by means of a diagram or graph (labelled as appropriate). The sketch should give a general idea of the required shape or relationship, and should include relevant features.
Term
Suggest
Definition
Propose a solution, hypothesis or other possible answer.
Term
To what extent
Definition
Consider the merits or otherwise of an argument or concept. Opinions and conclusions should be presented clearly and supported with appropriate evidence and sound argument.
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