Term
| What is the Language Approach and Learning Approach for Audio Lingualism Method? |
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Definition
Language: Structural Linguistics
Learning: Behaviorist Psychology |
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Term
| What are the language and learning approaches for Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)? |
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Definition
Language: Expression of meaning, interaction/communication, functional & communicative uses.
Learning: Three Principles: Communication, task, meaningfulness; or cognitive/behavioral/practice |
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Term
| What are the language and learning approaches for the Natural Approach (NA)? |
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Definition
Language: Vocabulary structures, communicating meaning, messages.
Learner: 5 hypothesis: Acquisition/learning, Monitor, Input, Natural order, and affective filter |
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Term
| What are the language and learner approaches used in Total Physical Response (TPR)? |
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Definition
Language: structure, vocabulary, verbs.
Learning: behaviorist S-R- bio program, lateralization, stress-reduction. |
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Term
| What are the language and learning approaches for Input Processing? |
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Definition
Language: as meaning bearing structure
Learning: acquisition + meaning - bearing input (MBI) + Input processing + Negotiation of meaning. |
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Term
| What are the language and learning approaches for Content Based Instruction (CBI)? |
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Definition
Language: text and discourse based, integrated skills, purposeful use.
Learning: learning through acquiring info; goal directed, needs-based, previous experience. |
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Term
| Approaches in Language and Learning for Task-Based-Instruction (TBI)? |
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Definition
Language: a means of making meaning; structural, functional, and interactional models of languages, lexical unis as central use and learning; conversational focus
Learning: CLT principles: meaningful task, real communication, meaningfulness; tasks w/ input + output processing; motivation from task activity & achievement; learning difficulty can be negotiated through fine-tuning. |
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Term
| Approaches in language and learning for Competency-based Language Teaching? |
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Definition
Language: functional and interactional perspectives on language; language in the social context of use
Learning: language form can be inferred from language function; can predict likely vocab and structures needed. "Mosiac" approach to learning. Whole communicative competence is constructed from smaller parts. |
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Term
| Learner roles, teacher roles, and materials for ALM? |
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Definition
Learners: responsive
Teacher: Director, in control
Materials: Tapes, books |
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Term
| Learner roles, teacher roles, and materials for CLT? |
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Definition
Learner: Negotiator
Teacher: Facilitator, participant, needs analyst, and manager
Materials: Texts, and task-based realia |
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Term
| Learner roles, teacher roles, and materials for NA? |
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Definition
Learner: Processor, pre-production to speech emergence
Teacher: CI source, facilitator
Materials: Meaningful realia, games |
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Term
| Learner roles, teacher roles, and materials for TPR? |
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Definition
Learner: Listener and performer
Teacher: Director, in control
Material: Realia |
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Term
| Learner roles, teacher roles, and materials for Input Processing? |
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Definition
Learner: active, negotiators
Teacher: Input source, negotiator, facilitator
Materials: SI, So tasks |
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Term
| Learner and teacher roles + materials for CBI? |
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Definition
Learner: Independent, learn by doing, collaborative learning.
Teaching: Content expert, materials adapter, comprehensibility of material.
Materials: Comprehensible and authentic L1 learning guides |
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Term
| Learner, teacher roles and materials for TBI? |
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Definition
Learner: Participant, monitor, risk taker, and innovator
TEacher: Selector and sequencer of tasks, preparer of learners, consciousness raiser
Materials: Tasks, texts, and authentic reali |
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Term
| Learner, teacher and materials for Competency Based Language Teaching? |
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Definition
Learner: performer of subtasks, controls rate of individual progress.
Teacher: organizer, facilitator, assessor of progress
Materials: Competency-based tasks |
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Term
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Definition
Interactional (Social/personal)
Transactional (message) |
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Term
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Definition
Bi-directional
Uni-directional
Auto-directional |
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Term
| Listening: Three types of processing |
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Definition
Top-down
Bottom-up
Interactive (most common) |
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Term
| Listening: Four Principles |
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Definition
Relevance (Content and Outcome)
Transferability (Content and Outcome)
Task Orientation (Use)
Task ask Orientation (Analysis) |
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Term
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Definition
Performance
Transferability
Solve
Evaluate/Manipulate
Negotiate
Enjoyment |
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Term
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Definition
Psycho-scoial (relationship building)
Information cognitive (everything else)
Language analysis (ALM memorization) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Speaking: Four Competencies |
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Definition
Grammatical
Sociolinguistic
Strategic
Discourse |
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Term
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Definition
Transferability
Problem Solving
Evaluation
Negotiation
Enjoyment |
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Term
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Definition
Top down
Bottom up
Interactional |
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Term
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Definition
Content schema (topic knowledge, word knowledge)
Formal schema |
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Term
| Reading: Four Competencies |
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Definition
Grammatical
Sociolinguistic
Discourse
Strategic (in terms of fixing broken communication) |
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Term
| Implementation of Pre-reading |
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Definition
| Previewing, Predicting, Text Surveying, Skimming, Answering Key questions, exploring key vocabulary, reflecting/reviewing |
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Term
| Implementation: While-reading |
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Definition
| Outlining key ideas, summarizin, examining emotions/attitudes, monitoring (determining difficult sources), monitoring (Seeking clarification), answering pre-reading ?s, and predicting what will come |
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Term
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Definition
Completing a graphic organizer, expanding/changing a semantic map, comparing information, ranking importance of information
Scanning
Answering inference, comprehension, applciaiton, and evaluative questions |
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