Prescribing the symptom is a paradoxical technique that involves instructing family members to engage in the problematic behavior, often in an exaggerated form. For the exam, you want to be familiar with all of the paradoxical tehniques described in the section on family therapies in the Clinical Psychology chapter of the written study materials so that you can answer questions like this one.

a. CORRECT The purpose of prescribing the symptom is to undermine the family's resistance to changing a behavior by requesting that family members engage in the behavior. Ideally, this will cause them to rebel and engage, instead, in a more desirable behavior.

b. Incorrect This is not an accurate description of the purpose of prescribing the symptom.

c. Incorrect This is a better description of the technique known as relabeling.

d. Incorrect This is not an accurate description of the purpose of prescribing the symptom.

Transference is not expected to develop in person-centered therapy, at least not at the intense level that it does in psychodynamic therapy.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

b. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

c. CORRECT Transference in person-centered therapy is essentially accepted and disregarded rather than interpreted as it is in many other forms of therapy. This is consistent with the here-and-now approach of person-centered therapy.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

Methods of prevention are often categorized as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Additional information on the three methods of prevention is provided in the Clinical Psychology chapter.

a. Incorrect Primary preventions are designed to keep a problem from developing.

b. Incorrect Secondary preventions are aimed at early identification and intervention.

c. CORRECT The goal of tertiary preventions is to prevent a problem from becoming chronic or to prevent relapse.

d. Incorrect See explanation above.

Strategic family therapy is most associated with Jay Haley, who was strongly influenced by the communication school of family therapy and by the work of Milton Erickson.

a. Incorrect Haley focuses more on the present, especially communication patterns occurring in the present.

b. Incorrect This is not characteristic of strategic family therapy.

c. CORRECT Haley relies heavily on paradoxical techniques (like the one described in this response), which are also employed by communication family therapists and Milton Erickson.

d. Incorrect This sounds more like Bowenian family therapy.

Knowing that boundaries are a key focus of Minuchin’s structural family therapy would have helped you identify the correct answer to this question.

a. Incorrect This describes the goal of enactment.

b. Incorrect This is a goal of circular questions, which are used by Milan systematic family therapists.

c. Incorrect Identifying and using family values, life themes, and significant life events in conversations during therapy is referred to as tracking.

d. CORRECT A family map is used to help make a structural diagnosis of a family by clarifying its boundaries, coalitions, alignments, etc.

As its name suggests, structural family therapy is concerned with restructuring the family.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

b. CORRECT Before the family's structure can be altered, its homeostatic state must be unbalanced so that family members are more susceptible to change. This is accomplished by interjecting some type of stress into the family.

c. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

Rehm's self-control theory is based on the assumption that depression is related to six deficits in self-control behavior: selective monitoring of negative events; selective monitoring of immediate (vs. delayed) consequences of behavior; stringent self-evaluative criteria; inaccurate attributions of responsibility; insufficient self-reward; and excessive self-punishment.

a. Incorrect This sounds more like Beck's version of cognitive therapy.

b. CORRECT According to Rehm, depressed people focus too much on negative events. Treatment attempts to alter this by encouraging clients to recognize the positive events that occur.

c. Incorrect Although Rehm believes that depressed people make inaccurate attributions about responsibility, he doesn't talk about "irresponsible behaviors."

d. Incorrect Rehm's approach does not focus on identifying the antecedents and consequences of maladaptive behaviors.

Teleology is derived from the Greek word teleo, which means goals.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

b. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

c. CORRECT Although Adler recognized the impact of early childhood experiences on subsequent behavior, he also believed that all behavior is purposeful and emphasized the impact of future goals. As described by Adler, the ultimate goal is a striving for superiority, which refers to attaining a sense of mastery or competence.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

Some generalizations about the treatment of Hispanic and Hispanic American clients have been made in the literature, and you should be familiar with them for the licensing exam.

a. Incorrect This is true. There are different levels of acculturation not only between families but also within families (i.e., younger members of the family tend to be more acculturated to the white middle-class way of life).

b. CORRECT Although Hispanic families do tend to be hierarchical, this does not preclude them from family therapy. In fact, family therapy is often the treatment-of-choice because of the close relationships between family members.

c. Incorrect This is true not only for Hispanics but also members of other minority groups.

d. Incorrect This is also generally true.

Eysenck's 1952 publication sparked research on psychotherapy outcomes.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response d.

b. Incorrect This sounds more like the Smith, Glass, and Miller (1980) meta-analysis, which found relatively few differences between various therapeutic approaches.

c. Incorrect This is just the opposite of what Eysenck concluded.

d. CORRECT Eysenck reported that 66% of patients in eclectic therapy and 44% in psychoanalytic psychotherapy improved versus 72% of those with similar problems who did not receive therapy.

The therapist has given the couple a task that will help them focus on the positive aspects of their relationship.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response d.

b. Incorrect See explanation for response d.

c. Incorrect See explanation for response d.

d. CORRECT In the context of solution-focused therapy, this assignment is an example of a "formula task." Its purpose is to help the couple identify positive aspects of their relationship that, in turn, can lead to solutions to their marital difficulties.

Sue and Zane argue that therapy outcome for members of minority groups is enhanced by two factors -- credibility and giving [S. Sue and N. Zane, The role of culture and cultural techniques in psychotherapy: A critique and reformulation, American Psychologist, 42(1), 37-45, 1987].

a. CORRECT Gift giving is an important ritual in interpersonal relations in Asian cultures, but Sue and Zane feel that, in therapy, it is useful for other minority clients as well, especially for reducing premature termination from treatment. In therapy, giving can take several forms including normalization of the client's problems and instillation of hope.

b. Incorrect See explanation for response a.

c. Incorrect See explanation for response a.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response a.

Minuchin describes three types of "rigid triangles" that all involve boundary disturbances.

a. Incorrect Minuchin uses the term triangulation to refer to the situation in which the child's loyalty to one parent means rejection of the other parent.

b. CORRECT As defined by Minuchin, detouring occurs when the tension between husband and wife is reduced through the attention they pay to the child. This attention can involve either blaming the child for the family's problems (scapegoating) or overprotection of the child who is identified by them as ill or weak.

c. Incorrect A stable coalition occurs when the child and a parent consistently "gang up" against the other parent.

d. Incorrect Marital skew is a term used by Lidz to describe situations in which a dominant partner has serious pathology, while the other partner is dependent and provides support.

According to Murray Bowen, a high degree of fusion (emotional "stuck togetherness") is the source of family dysfunction. The goal of Bowen's form of family therapy, therefore, is to help family members become less fused, or more differentiated (individuated). In contrast to many other family therapists, Bowen's form of therapy typically does not involve seeing all of the family members.

a. Incorrect Followers of Bowen would likely work first with the most differentiated family member.

b. CORRECT Bowen often worked with the most differentiated family member on the assumption that, when that member changed in a positive way, his/her change would motivate other family members to move toward greater differentiation.

c. Incorrect In contrast to many other family therapists, Bowen typically worked with the two most significant adult family members, usually the parents, or the parent who was the most differentiated, even when the "identified patient" was a child.

d. Incorrect This is not a technique used by Bowen.

Transference is considered a key component of psychoanalysis, and the interpretation of a client's transference helps guide him/her toward insight.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

b. CORRECT From the perspective of psychoanalysis, at the core of transference is resistance, or an unwillingness to relinquish one's fantasy that one's infantile wishes will be gratified.

c. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

George Kelly developed Personal Construct Therapy (PCT) in the 1950s as both a theory of personality and approach to therapy.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

b. CORRECT Personal Construct Therapy (also known as "constructive alternativism") is based on the premise that people construe (construct) their own experiences. His approach was very influential in the development of narrative-constructivist approaches to therapy. Additional information about Personal Construct Therapy is provided in the Clinical Psychology chapter of the written study materials.

c. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

Even if you've never heard of "reframing," you probably could have guessed that its purpose is to redefine the situation.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

b. CORRECT As its name implies, reframing is done in order to help a client see things from a different perspective. It is often used in a paradoxical way -- e.g., telling an adolescent that "your parents' nagging is a sign of their love for you."

c. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

The best course of action in this situation would depend on several factors, including Jamal’s stage of racial/ethnic identify development.

a. CORRECT Given the limited information presented in this question, this is the best answer. Sue and Sue (2003) note that African American individuals often prefer an egalitarian, personal relationship with a therapist, which the therapist can establish through self-disclosure or by discussing non-counseling issues.

b. Incorrect Establishing credibility by describing his education and experience would probably be most effective with Asian American therapy clients.

c. Incorrect Confidentiality may be an issue, but a therapist can never reassure a client that "anything" revealed in therapy is confidential (e.g., a therapist is legally and ethically required to breach confidentiality when the client is a danger to self or others).

d. Incorrect The research has shown that, for African American therapy clients, unwillingness to self-disclose is often due to factors other than resistance (e.g., healthy cultural paranoia).

D  the egalitarian nature of the therapeutic relationship.

To a large degree, nonsexist therapy and feminist therapy overlap.

a. Incorrect This is characteristic of both forms of therapy.

b. CORRECT Of the answers given, this is the best choice. While feminist therapy produces change in personal behavior, that change is more consistently framed within the sociopolitical arena in which it occurs. In contrast, nonsexist therapy, while recognizing sociopolitical influences, also looks at personal change separately.

c. Incorrect Both types of therapy advocate that men and women be treated as equals but not necessarily the same.

d. Incorrect This is an explicit goal of feminist therapy and, perhaps to a lesser degree, a characteristic of nonsexist therapy.

Smith et al. combined the results of 475 studies on the effectiveness of psychotherapy (Smith, M. L., Glass, G. V., & Miller, R. L., The benefits of psychotherapy, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980).

a. Incorrect This response describes the "box score" method, not meta-analysis.

b. Incorrect This response describes using an inferential statistical test to compare outcome data for two groups.

c. CORRECT When using meta-analysis, the outcomes of each study are converted to a common metric – i.e., an effect size – and an average effect size is calculated.

d. Incorrect This response describes multiple regression.

- RATIONALE -

Meta-analysis was originally used by Karl Pearson in 1904 to evaluate the extent to which smallpox inoculation increased survival rates. At that time, the technique was not known as "meta-analysis."

a. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

b. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

c. CORRECT It was not until the 1970s that the term "meta-analysis" was introduced by Smith and Glass who also refined the technique and were the first to apply it to psychotherapy outcome studies. See M. L. Smith and G. V. Glass, Meta-analysis of psychotherapy outcome studies, American Psychologist, 1977, 32, 752-760.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

SIT involves training the individual to guide his/her actions with internally-originated verbal instructions. Additional information about SIT is provided in the Learning Theory chapter of the written study materials.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response d.

b. Incorrect This answer is close but not as good as response d.

c. Incorrect Although self-instruction includes self-reinforcement, this is not the primary goal of SIT.

d. CORRECT Hyperactive and impulsive children often respond to events automatically. The goal of SIT is to reduce automatic behaviors by inserting thoughts between an event and the response to that event.

Manual-guided treatments provide manuals that specify the theoretical underpinnings of the treatment and treatment goals and present specific therapeutic guidelines and strategies.

a. CORRECT Treatment manuals were initially developed to standardize treatments so that their effects could be empirically evaluated and to provide training guidelines for therapists.

b. Incorrect The research on this issue is inconsistent and but has generally not found manual guided treatments to have substantially better outcomes than treatments that are not guided by the use of a manual.

c. Incorrect This has not been identified as an outcome of the use of treatment manuals.

d. Incorrect This is not one of the benefits of treatment manuals

For the exam, you want to be able to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions so that you can answer questions like this one. Additional information about these approaches is provided in the Clinical Psychology chapter of the written study materials.

a. Incorrect As defined by most experts, primary preventions are offered to groups of individuals rather than to specific individuals who have been identified as being at high-risk for a disorder.

b. CORRECT Secondary preventions are offered to specific individuals who have been identified as being at high risk by some type of screening procedure.

c. Incorrect Tertiary preventions are for people who have already developed a disorder and are aimed at reducing relapse and other negative consequences.

d. Incorrect This is not a type of prevention.

Rogerian therapists tend to de-emphasize both diagnosis and assessment.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response d.

b. Incorrect See explanation for response d.

c. Incorrect See explanation for response d.

d. CORRECT Rogerian therapists usually reject diagnosis on the ground that it places the therapist in a superior, authoritarian role that can impede the development of autonomy and self-actualization in the client.

Who did the first Meta analysis?

A.Howards et al 

B.Smith, Glass, Miller

C. Sue et al
Jacobson and Christensen 

D. Maramba and Nagayama-Hall

Providing education jands job training to jadolescentsajands young jadultsa who havel recently been releaseds from ja drug treatment program isajan examplel of:

In this situation, adolescents and young adults are being provided with services that are intended to reduce the likelihood of future drug abuse (relapse).

a. Incorrect Primary preventions emphasize counteracting harmful circumstances before they have an opportunity to produce mental or physical illness.

b. Incorrect Secondary preventions emphasize the early diagnosis and treatment of disorders.

c. CORRECT Rehabilitation is the goal of tertiary preventions.

d. Incorrect This is a "made up” term.

_________: make change in environment so accomodiates client

___________: change individual to fit environment

Autoplastic

Alloplastic

Alloplastic: make change in environment so accomodiates client

Autoplastic: change individual to fit environment

A striving for superiority is an important part of whose therapy?

A. Frued

B. Adler

C. Klien

D. Perls

Accirding to Frued, what part of the personality develops at the same time as Adler's Style of Life?

1. Id

2. Ego

3. Superego

According to Sue and Sue Cultural Competence involves:

A. Insight; tolerance; knowledge

B. Awareness; knowledge; skills

C. Training, practice, self-reflection

D. Supervision, consultation, application

B. Awareness; Knowledge; Skills

According to ___Conjoint therapy is most appropriate for

A. Expressive violence

B. Habitual violence

C. Instrumental Violence

D. Isolated Violence

Mack

A. Expressive violence

According to _______, _______ useful to establish whether or not tx has an effect while ________ most useful for assessing clinical utility

Effectiveness studies  / efficacy studies

According to ________, which is the correct order - highest to lowest - for showing improvement on the GAS:

A. Hispanic, Anglo, Asian, African American

B. Anglo, Hispanic, Asian, African American
C. Asian, Hispanic, Anglo, African American

D. Asian, Anglo, Hispanic, African American

Sue et al

Hispanic, Anglo, Asian, African American

According to the model "Impact of Racial Oppression," ____ refers to adopting  a white worldview

A. Internalized oppression

B. Conceptual incarceration

C. Assimilation

D. Split-self

According to the model "Impact of Racial Oppression," ____ refers to acting out against the system, avoiding whites

A. Internalized oppression

B. Conceptual incarceration

C. Assimilation

D. Split-self

According to the model "Impact of Racial Oppression," ____ refers to polarizing as good and bad (black) selves

A. Internalized oppression

B. Conceptual incarceration

C. Assimilation

D. Split-self

All but which refers to High-context communication?

A. grounded in situation

B. relies on verbal cues

c. unifies a culture

d. slow to change

All but which refers to Low-context communication?

a. relies on explicit verbal part

b. less unifying

c. depends on group understanding

d. can change rapidly

Compared to whites, ______ recieve more services in the ER or Psych inpt unit

A. Hispanic,

B. Asian

C. African American

D. Native American

Differentiation, practicing, reapproachment, object constancy are parts of what stage? 

seperation-individuation

Mahler, Object Relations

Fairbain is a type of _______ therapist.

A. Jungian

B. Fruedian

C. Object Reations

D. Gestalt

How do you calculate “effect size”?

A. subtract mean outcome of control from mean outcome of  tx group and divide difference by standard deviation of tx group

B. subtract mean outcome of tx group from mean outcome of control and divide difference by standard deviation of control

C. subtract mean outcome of control from mean outcome of  tx group and divide difference by standard deviation of control

D. subtract mean outcome of tx group from mean outcome of control and divide difference by standard deviation of tx group

How many people tend to drop out of a group  the first 12 to 20 sessions?

A. 1%

B. 5-10%

C. 10-35%

D. 35-50%

Kernberg is a type of _______ therapist.

A. Jungian

B. Fruedian

C. Object Reations

D. Gestalt

Mahler is a type of _______ therapist.

A. Jungian

B. Fruedian

C. Object Reations

D. Gestalt

Match

A. Gregory Bateson                                 1. grandfather of family therapy

B. Nathan Ackerman                                2. General Systems Theory

C. Ludwig von Bertalanfy                        3. Reciprical Causality

D. Emanual Kant                                      4. Double-bind

A. Nathan Ackerman                                1. grandfather of family therapy
B. Gregory Bateson                                  2. Double-bind
C. Ludwig von Bertalanfy                        3. General Systems Theory

D. Emanual Kant                                      4. Reciprical Causality

Match

A. success identity and failure identity

B. Self and Self Image

C. Superiority and Inferiority

1. Gestalt

2. Reality

3. Individual

A. success identity and failure identity - Reality

B. Self and Self Image- Gestalt

C. Superiority and Inferiority - Individual

Match

1. Adler                  A. Individuation

2. Frued                 B. Life Style Investigation

C. Jung                  C. Working Through

1. Adler                  A. Life Style Investigation

2. Frued                 B. Working Through

C. Jung                  C. Individuation

Match

1. ID                                   A. Reality Principle

2. Ego                                 B. Pleasure Principle.

3. Super Ego                        C. Society's Standards

ID - Pleasure

Ego - Reality

Superego - Society

Match

A.Bowlby                         1. Psychobiological Theory

B. Sullivan                       2. Interpersonal Theory

C. Adolph Meyer               3. Attachment Theory

A. Adolph Meyer              1. Psychobiological

B. Sullivan                       2. Interpersonal

C. Bowlby                        3. Attachment

Match

Frued        Object Relations

Fairbain     Client-centered

Adler         Gestalt

Jung          Individual Psychology

Perls          Psychoanalytic

Rogers       Analytic Psychotherapy

Frued        Psychoanalytic

Adler         Individual Psychology

Jung          Analytic Psychotherapy

Fairbain     Object Relations

Perls          Gestalt

Rogers       Client-centered

Match

a. Jung                         1. Striving for self-actualization 

b. Perls                         2. Striving for superiority

c. Rogers                      3. Striving for individuation

d. Alder                        4. Integrate aspects of self

a. Jung                         1. Striving for individuation

b. Perls                         2. Integrate aspects of self

c. Rogers                      3. Striving for self-actualization

d. Alder                        4. Striving for superiority

Match

A. Frankl               1. Reality

B. Glasser             2. Personal Construct 

C. Kelly                 3. Object Relations

D. Mahler              4. Existential 

A. Frankl               1. Existential

B. Glasser             2. Reality

C. Kelly                 3. Personal Construct

D. Mahler              4. Object Relations

Match

A. Interpersonal Therapy                 1. De Shazar
B. Solution-focus                             2. Kellerman and Weissman

C. Transtheoretical                           3. Prochaska and Diclimente

D. Motivational Interviewing           4. Miller & Rollnick

A. Interpersonal Therapy                 1. Kellerman and Weissman
B. Solution-focus                             2. De Shazar

C. Transtheoretical                           3. Prochaska and Diclimente

D. Motivational Interviewing           4. Miller & Rollnick

Mental Illness is highest among

A. Women

B. Men

More _____ rcv services for illicit drug use

A. Hispanic

B. Asian

C. African American

D. Whites

More _____ than African Americans recieve mental health services

A. Hispanic,

B. Asian

C. African American

D. Native American

Of the 4 types of disclusure, which disclosure type is due to pathological paranoia?

1)    Intercultural Nonparanoic Disclosure

2)    Functional Paranoic

3)    Healthy Cultural Paranoiac

4)    Confluent Paranoiac

Of the 4 types of disclusure, which would disclose to a therapist of any race?

1)    Intercultural Nonparanoic Disclosure

2)    Functional Paranoic

3)    Healthy Cultural Paranoiac

4)    Confluent Paranoiac

Of the 4 types of disclusure, which would only disclose to an AA therapist?

1)    Intercultural Nonparanoic Disclosure

2)    Functional Paranoic

3)    Healthy Cultural Paranoiac

4)    Confluent Paranoiac

Perls is a type of _______ therapist.

A. Jungian

B. Fruedian

C. Object Reations

D. Gestalt

Put in order, lowest to highest, for inpatient stays

A. widowed, married, divorced, never married

B. never married, widowed, married, divorced

C. married, widowed, divorced, never married

D. married, divorced, widowed, never married

ReRegarding the Racial/Cultural Identity Model, ______ refers to a stage involving  conflict between loyalty to minority and feelings of personal autonomy (minority therapist but more open)

1)    Conformity

2)    Dissonance

3)    Resistance and Immersion

4)    Introspection

5)    Integrative Awareness

Introspection

Atkinson, Morten, Sue

Regarding older adults respons to treatment:

A. Respond less well to younger adults

B. Respond equally well to younger adults, just faster

C. Respond equally well to younger adults, just slower

D. Respond equally well to younger adults

Respond equally well to younger adults, just slower

Regarding the Racial/Cultural Identity Model, ______ refers to a stage involving confusion and conflict  (minority therapist)

1)    Conformity

2)    Dissonance

3)    Resistance and Immersion

4)    Introspection

5)    Integrative Awareness

Dissonance

Atkinson, Morten, Sue

Regarding the Racial/Cultural Identity Model, ______ refers to a stage involving 

self-fulfillment with racial identity and want to eliminate oppression; focus on values not race (any therapist with shared values)

1)    Conformity

2)    Dissonance

3)    Resistance and Immersion

4)    Introspection

5)    Integrative Awareness

Integrative Awareness

Atkinson, Morten, Sue

Regarding the Racial/Cultural Identity Model, ______ refers to a stage in which one reject dominant and prefer minority; blame probs on oppression (minority therapist)

1)    Conformity

2)    Dissonance

3)    Resistance and Immersion

4)    Introspection

5)    Integrative Awareness

Resistance and Immersion

Atkinson, Morten, Sue

Regarding the Racial/Cultural Identity Model, ______ refers to a stage when one prefers dominant culture (white therapist)

1)    Conformity

2)    Dissonance

3)    Resistance and Immersion

4)    Introspection

5)    Integrative Awareness

Conformity

Atkinson, Morten, Sue

Regarding the  4 milestones of lgb youth, males had earlier onset of all except ____

A. same-sex attraction

B. self-labeling

C. same-sex sexual encounter

D. Disclosure

Sue and Zane identified 2 Critical Processes:

A. Awareness and knowledge

B. Knowledge and credibility

C. Credibility and  giving

D. Authenticity and Inclusion

The Ego develops between ages:

a. 1-2

b. 4-5

c. 0-1

d. present at birth

The Id develops between ages:

a. 1-2

b. 4-5

c. 0-1

d. present at birth

The Super Ego develops between ages:

a. 1-2

b. 4-5

c. 0-1

d. present at birth

The ability to sperate one's intellectual and emotional functioning from that of the family is referred to as ________

A. Differentiation of Self

B. Emotional Triangle

C. Family Projection Process

D. Individuation

This idea is found in what therapy?

Differentiation of Self

Extended Family Systems

The defese mechanism that involves avoiding an anxiety-provoking impulse by doing the opposite

a. repression

b. reaction formation

c. projection

d. sublimation

The defese mechanism that involves escaping a threatening impulse by attributing it to another person or source

a. repression

b. reaction formation

c. projection

d. sublimation

The defese mechanism that involves keeping the id's drives and needs in the unconscious

a. repression

b. reaction formation

c. projection

d. sublimation

The following paradixical interventions were used in what therapy?  ordeals,restraining, positioning, reframing, perscibing the symptom

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Milan Systemic Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

The most common diagnosis in older adults are (pick 3)

Anxiety          depression

Psychosis            Mania

  OCD           Panic Disorder

                          PTSD                  severe cog impairment

dysthymia         delirium

Therapist-client Matching improves outcomes for ___ only

A. Hispanic

B. Asian

C. African American

D. Whites

These Techniques are used in what kind of therapy: repertory grid (assess people in your life); self-characterization sketch (describe self from perspective of someone that knows you); “fixed-role therapy” (act out role of fictional person)

A. Existential

B. Reality

C. Personal Construct

D. Gestalt

This approach to family therapy aims to  Resolve attachment to introjects by Interpreting transference, resistance, fostering insight

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Milan Systemic Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

What approach says the misbehaviour of children has a goal of attention, power, revenge, or to display deficiency?

A. Systematic Training for Effective Teaching

B. Family Systems Theory

C. Strategic Family Therapy

Whose theory is this based on?

A. Systematic Training for Effective Teaching

Adler

What did the dose dependent effect show in terms of treatment benefit?

a. 85% benefit at 26 sessions; 95% at 52 sessions

b. 75% benefit at 26 sessions; 80% at 52 sessions

c. 50% benefit at 26 sessions; 75% at 52 sessions

d. 75% benefit at 26 sessions; 85% at 52 sessions

Who found this result?

Howards et al (1996)

75% benefit at 26 sessions; 85% at 52 sessions

What does the effect size .85 mean?

A. Treated pts better off than 85% of untreated pts?

B. Treated pts better off than 80% of untreated?

C. Treated pts better off than 15% of untreated

D. Therapy is effective 85% of the time?

Who found this result?

Treated pts better off than 80% of untreated

Smith, Glass, Miller (1980)

What is the biggest predictor of the cessation of DV?

A. Age of abuser

B. Length of time married

C. Race

D. SES

What is the correct order of Howard's phase model?

a. Remediation, Rehabilitation, Remoralization

b. Remoralization, Remediation,Rehabilitation

c. Rehabilitation, Remediation, Remoralization
d. Remoralization, Remediation, Rehabilitation

What is the correct order?

A. oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

B. oral, anal, genital, latency, phallic

C. anal, oral, phallic, latency, genital

D.oral, anal, latency, phallic, genital

A. oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Old Analysts Prefer Little Girls

What therapy asks: "What's better since last time we met?"

A. Reality

B. Solution-focused

C. Interpersonal

D. Motivational Interviewing

What therapy asks: Miracle Question, Exception Question, Scaling Question?

A. Reality

B. Solution-focused

C. Interpersonal

Motivational Interviewing

What therapy believes maladaptive behavior is a result of

Inability to cope authentically with ultimate concerns of existance = death, freedom, isolation, meaninglessness

A. Existential

B. Humanistic

C. Gestalt

D. Analytic

What therapy employs use of "paradoxical intention"

A. Existential

B. Humanistic

C. Gestalt

D. Analytic

What is its purpose, according to this theory

Existential

Reduce fear by facing stimuli and focusing on it in exaggerated and humorous way

What therapy talks about Differentiation of Self, Emotional Triangle, Family Projection Process

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Extended Family Systems Theory

What type of therapy does this describe?

1) people tend to seek closure

2) a person’s perceptions of parts as whole reflect his/her current needs

3) Persons behavior represents a whole greater than its parts

4) behavior only understood in context

5) person experiences world in accordance with principles of figure/ground

A. Existential

B. Humanistic

C. Gestalt

D. Analytic

When a third person is invited into a two-person system to increase stability and reduce tension, it is referred to as ________

A. Differentiation of Self

B. Individuation

C. Family Projection Process

D. Emotional Triangle

This idea is found in what therapy?

Emotional Triangle

Bowen's Extended Family Therapy

When parental conflicts and emotional immaturity are transmitted to children, it is referred to as ________

A. Differentiation of Self

B. Individuation

C. Family Projection Process

D. Emotional Triangle

This idea is found in what therapy?

Extended family therapy

When violence is commited w/o provocation, used to achieve a goal, and there is no remorse it is called _______

A. Expressive violence

B. Habitual violence

C. Instrumental Violence

D. Explosive Violence

When violence is mutual and/or followed by remorse its called _________

A. Expressive violence

B. Habitual violence

C. Instrumental Violence

D. Explosive Violence

Which age group has the most psychiatric Hospitalizations?

A. 18-24

B. 25-44

C. 45-64

D. 65-84

Which approach believes in a circular model of causality, meaning that the symptom is both a cause and effect of dysfunctional communication (ie blaming, criticizing, mindreading, and overgeneralizing)

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Which approach came up with the idea of the report function and command function?

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Why do they matter?

Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

When not match cause problems

Which are parts of Frued's psychoanalysis:

Which boundary disturbance does this describe: 

difficulty distinguishing “me” and "not me"?

A. Introjection

B. Projection

C. Retroflection

D. Confluence

Which boundary disturbance does this describe?

Cutting

A. Introjection

B. Confluence

C. Retroflection

D. Projection 

Which boundary disturbance does this describe?

Paranoia

A. Introjection

B. Projection

C. Retroflection

D. Confluence

Which boundary disturbance does this describe?

guilt and resentment

A. Introjection

B. Projection

C. Confluence

D. Retroflection

Which culture uses a “consensual collateral” decision making process?

A. Asian

B. White

C. African American

D. American Indian

Which is not a factor inthe Health Belief Model (Becker)

A. person’s rediness based on perceived risk and consequences of illness

B. benefits and costs of response

C. internal and external cues to action (friends, campaigns)

D. Locus of control

Which is not true?

The more widely lesbians self-disclose,

A. The higher their self esteem

B. The more positive their affect

C. They have lowered anxiety

D. They make more anonymous trips to gay bars

D. They make more anonymous trips to gay bars

they make less

Which is the correct order?

A. Dissonance, Resistance and Immersion,Conformity,  Introspection,

Integrative Awareness

B. Resistance and Immersion,Dissonance,  Conformity, Introspection,

Integrative Awareness

C. Conformity,  Dissonance, Resistance and Immersion,Introspection,

Integrative Awareness

D.  Conformity,  Dissonance, Introspection, Resistance and Immersion,

Integrative Awareness

C. Conformity,  Dissonance, Resistance and Immersion,Introspection,

Integrative Awareness

Which is the correct order?

A. autism, symbiotic, seperation-individuation

B. symbiotic, autism, seperation-individuation

C. symbiotic, seperation-individuation, autism

autism, symbiotic, seperation-individuation

Mahler, object relations

Which is the most basic Defense Mechanism?

a. repression

b. reaction formation

c. projection

d. sublimation

Which is the most important of the primary motivators?

a. survival

b. love and belonging

c. power

d. freedom

e. fun

What therapy is this from?

Glasser's Reality Therapy

b. love and belonging

Which school of therapy does this describe?

- Phenomological - focus on current bhx  - meaning making
- belief in self-determination and self-actualization

- authentic, collaborative, egalitarian relationship

- reject traditional assessment and diagnostic labels

a. Psychodynimic                   b. Humanistic

c. Brief                        d. Family

Which school of therapy does this describe?

- bhx motivated by unconscious forces

- early development very important

- universal principles explain personality devel and bhx

- insight into unconscious key component

a. Psychodynimic

b. Humanistic

c. Brief

d. Family

Which stage does this describe:

reduce duration and consequences via treatment (alternatives to hospitalization; rehab) and community education to reduce stigma

A. Primary Intervention
B. Secondary Prevention
C. Tertiary Prevention:

Which stage does this describe:

decrease prevalence by reducing duration through early detection and intervention – identify specific individials and providing interventions

A. Primary Intervention
B. Secondary Prevention
C. Tertiary Prevention:

Which stage does this describe:

decrese incidence of new cases by making program promoting health to all members of a group

A. Primary Intervention
B. Secondary Prevention
C. Tertiary Prevention:

Which theorist looks at how people “construe” experiences based on personal constructs?

A. Glasser

B. Kelly

C. Perls

D. Adler

Which therapies uses the following techniques?

hypothesizing; nuetrality; paradox; circular questions

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Milan Systemic Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Which therapy has the therapist play role of “coach”

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Which therapy is based on these concepts:

1)  Emphasis on personal choice

2) responsibility for developing meaning

3) people in constant state of evolving and becoming

A. Existential

B. Humanistic

C. Gestalt

D. Analytic

Which therapy is oncerned with self-image?

A. Existential

B. Humanistic

C. Gestalt

D. Analytic

Which therapy looked at Detouring; Stable coalitions; and Triangulation?

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Which therapy looked at Joining; Evaluating Family Structure (create structural map); Restructuring the family by stressing it (enactment, role play, reframe)

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Which therapy posits that boys are taught to define selves in separation from mother; girls define selves in relation to mother

A. Nonsexist

B. Feminist

C. Object Relations
D. Feminist Object relations

Which therapy talked about success identity and failure identity?

A. Existential

B. Humanistic

C. Gestalt

D. Reality

Which therapy uses direct techniques (pointing out problematic patterns) and paradoxical strategies (prescribing the symptom and reframing)

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Why do they use these techniques?

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

to alter interactional patterns maintaining the symptom

Which two therapies dealt with boundaries?

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

F. Gestalt

H. Adlerian

I. Reality

Which type of consultation does this describe: working with consultee to develop a plan to help consultee work more efficiently with client

A. Client-centered case
B. Consultee-centered case
C. Program-centered administrative
D. Consultee-Centered Administrative

Which type of consultation does this describe: help consultee work with a particular population (bias as a result of theme interference – ie transference)

A. Client-centered case
B. Consultee-centered case
C. Program-centered administrative
D. Consultee-Centered Administrative

Which type of consultation does this describe:  help administrators improve functioning to be more effective with program development, implementation, evaluation

A. Client-centered case
B. Consultee-centered case
C. Program-centered administrative
D. Consultee-centered Administrative

Which type of consultation does this describe:  working with administrators to resolve program issues

 A. Client-centered case
B. Consultee-centered case
C. Program-centered administrative
D. Consultee-centered Administrative

Who adopted a deterministic approach?

A. Jung

B. Adler

C. Frued

D. Perls

Who adopted a teleological approach?

A. Jung

B. Adler

C. Klien

D. Perls

Who believed maladaptive behavior results from

a childhood shielded from frustration and/or only given support in form of approval

a. Adler

b. Jung

c. Perls

d. Rogers

Who believed maladaptive behavior results from

an over-developed self-image

a. Adler

b. Jung

c. Perls

d. Rogers

Who believed maladaptive behavior was a result of

Incongruence b/w self (how one acts) and experience (how others want you to act) which occurs when people experiences conditions of worth

a. Adler

b. Jung

c. Perls

d. Rogers

Who believed maladaptive behavior was a result of

 boundary disturbance between self and environment that keeps person from being able to satisfy needs

a. Jung

b. Perls

c. Frued

d. Klien

Who believed maladaptive bhx  is a result of mistaken style of life?

a. Adler

b. Jung

c. Perls

d. Rogers

Who believed people have a innate tendency twards self-actualization?

a. Jung

b. Perls

c. Rogers

d. Alder

Who created the 4 milestones of lgb youth?

A. Savin-Williams and Diamond

B. Sue and Sue

C. Atkinson, Morten, Sue
D. Ridley

Who created the concepts of
High and Low context communication

A. Savin-Williams and Diamond

B. Hall

C. Atkinson, Morten, Sue
D. Ridley

Who created the concepts of cultural and functional paranoids?

A. Savin-Williams and Diamond

B. Hall

C. Atkinson, Morten, Sue
D. Ridley

Who created the language around Sexual Preference-based prejudice?

A. Marek

B. Hall

C. Atkinson, Morten, Sue
D. Ridley

Who developed the concept of a healthy and mistaken style of life?

A. Perls

B. Glasser

C. Minuchin

D. Adler

E. Rogers

Who developed the Black Racial (Nigrescence) Identity Development Model

A. Marek

B. Cross

C. Atkinson, Morten, Sue
D. Ridley

Who developed the Black Racial (Nigrescence) Identity Development Model ?

A. Marek

B. Cross

C. Atkinson, Morten, Sue
D. Ridley

Cross

Atkinson, Morten, Sue

Who developed the Racial/Cultural Identity Model?

A. Marek

B. Cross

C. Atkinson, Morten, Sue
D. Ridley

Who does dreamwork in this way?

aspects of dream represent aspects of self; role play elements of the dream

a. Adler

b. Jung

c. Perls

d. Frued

Who said depression is a result of object loss and anger towards object turned inward?

A. Frued

B. Jung

C. Klien

D. Perls

Who said mania is defense against libidinal or aggressive urges?

A. Frued

B. Jung

C. Klien

D. Perls

Who said: Phobia is displacement of anxiety onto an object symbolic of unresolved conflict

A. Frued

B. Jung

C. Klien

D. Perls

Who summarized 24 studies published b/w 1929-1950. Effects of Psychotherapy were “small or nonexistent"

A. Seligman

B. Eysenik

C. Mack

D. Jacobson and Christensen

What were the critiques?

Who viewed a symptom as strategy for controlling relationships when all other strategies failed?

A. Extended Family Systems Theory

B. Communication / Interaction Family Therapy

C. Strategic Family Therapy

D. Object Relations Family Therapy

E. Structural Family Therapy

Who was interested in "boundary disturbances"

Wht therapy focuses on: unresolved grief, role disputes, role transitions, deficits

A. Reality

B. Solution-focused

C. Interpersonal

D. Motivational Interviewing

With which culture is it important to Reduce premature termination by providing an immediate benefit?

A. Asian

B. White

C. African American

D. American Indian

___ % of women and ___% men report being victims of DV

A. 50%, 15%

B. 35%, 17%

C. 20%, 7%

D. 14%, 5%

___ is when one accepts majority culture over their own

A. Marginalization

B. Assimilation

C. Integration

D. Separation

____ % of Ethnic/racial minorities dropout after first session compared to  ____ % of whites

 A. 25%  15%

B. 50%  30%

C. 30%  55%

D. 65%    25%

____ communications are one in which there is equality between communicators

A. Equal

B. Balanced

C. Reflexive

D. Symmetrical

Which theory does this come from?

What is the issue that can arise from this type of therapy?

Symmetrical

Communication / Interaction

can become competitive - "one-upmanship"

____ communications are one in which there is inequality between communicators

A. unique

B. unbalanced

C. complementary

D. differential

Which theory does this come from?

What is the issue that can arise from this type of communication?

Compementary

Communication / Interaction

maximizes differences = dominant and submissive

____ have highest rates of inpatient stays

A. Women

B. Men

Men

____ have highest rates of outpatient visits

A. Women

B. Men

____ was against efficacy studies b/c experimental control limits generalizability

A.Howards et al 

B.Smith, Glass, Miller

C. Seligman
Jacobson and Christensen 

D. Maramba and Nagayama-Hall

_____ came up with Cultural Encapsulation

A. Sue and Zane

B. Berry

C. Diamond

D. Wrenn

_____ is when one  withdraws from dominate culture into their own

A. Marginalization

B. Assimilation

C. Integration

D. Separation

_____ refers to the stage in the Black Racial (Nigrescence) Identity Development Model in which  person adopts their identity

1)    Pre-encounter

2) Encounter

3) Immersion-Emersion
4) Internalization

_____ refers to the stage in the Black Racial (Nigrescence) Identity Development Model involving Assimilation, Mis-education, and /or Self-hatred

1)    Pre-encounter

2) Encounter

3) Immersion-Emersion
4) Internalization

1)    Pre-encounter

_____ refers to the stage in theBlack Racial (Nigrescence) Identity Development Model in which  person hascontact with race-related event = greater awareness and interest in Black identity (black therapist)

1)    Pre-encounter

2) Encounter

3) Immersion-Emersion
4) Internalization

_____   receive mort tx for depression than ___ and ____

A. Hispanic

B. Asian

C. African American

D. Whites

Whites receive mort tx for depression than AA and Hispanics

bipolar dimensions of meaning refer to

A. Personal Constructs

B. Style of Life

C. Boundaries

D. Facilitative Conditions

Different experts have labeled the different levels or categories of acculturation somewhat differently, but most distinguish between at least four levels – assimilated, integrated (bicultural), separated, and marginal.

a. Incorrect The term "fused" refers to the melting pot position in which the two separate cultures cannot be distinguished.

b. Incorrect Separation occurs when the individual is immersed in his/her own ethnic culture and is not part of the larger (dominant) culture.

c. Incorrect An assimilated individual has given up his/her own ethnic culture and identifies with the larger (dominant) culture.

d. CORRECT The bicultural individual has adopted both cultures. Biculturalism can be alternating (as in Manuel's case) or blended.

Research by Sue et al. (1991) and others has produced inconsistent results with regard to the impact of therapist-client matching and treatment outcomes.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

b. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

c. CORRECT For example, Sue et al. found that therapist-client matching in terms of race/ethnicity improved outcomes for Asian and Hispanic clients and reduced premature termination rates for Caucasian clients.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response c.

that involves working together to gather data and test the logic of the client's thoughts and beliefs.

a. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

b. CORRECT Collaborative empiricism is a key strategy of Beck's cognitive-behavioral therapy. When using this strategy, the therapist and client work together to gather evidence and test hypotheses about the client's beliefs.

c. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

d. Incorrect See explanation for response b.

___ are underrepresented in otpt and inpt clinics

A. Hispanic

B. Asian

C. African American

D. Native American

OARS is used in which therapy?

A. Reality

B. Solution-focused

C. Interpersonal

D. Motivational Interviewing

Motivational Interviewing

Open-ended questions

Affirmations

Reflective Listening

Summaries

Providing education jands job training to jadolescentsajands young jadultsa who havel recently been releaseds from ja drug treatment program isajan examplel of: