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Epithelia
Epithelia notes
19
Histology
Graduate
11/25/2012

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Term
5 types of Tissue
Definition
muscle, nerve, epithelia, lymphatics, connective tissue
Term
Basal Lamina
Definition
1. extracellular matrix produced by epithelia, muscle, Schwann cells, adipocytes
Term
lamina densa
Definition
contains laminin, type IV collagen, fibronectin, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans.
Term
lamina lucida
Definition
- projections of transmembrane proteins that are visible as a clear area mainly because of fixation artifact (shrinkage).
Term
basement membrane
Definition
basal laminae of 2 adjacent cells that have fused
Term
functions of basal lamina
Definition
1. "home address" for cells.
2. Proteins, proteoglycans and GAGs can be specialized give the BL a specific
function: filter, induce cells to migrate, differencate
3. Surrounds and compartmentalizes epithelia
Term
merocrine
Definition
one of three modes exocrine cells secrete by.
merely the secretion is released
Term
apocrine
Definition
one of three modes exocrine cells secrete by.
a part of the cell membrane packages secretion
Term
holocrine
Definition
one of three modes exocrine cells secrete by.
whole cell becomes part of the secretion
Term
Goblet cells
Definition
A mucus-secreting cell found primarily in the epithelial
lining of the respiratory and digestive systems. Have IL4 and IL13 receptors to regulate secretion
Term
semilunes
Definition
artifact of fixation.
Term
Gastrin
Definition
secreted by paracrine cell to induce secretion of HCL of nearby stomach cells
Term
metaplasia
Definition
Epithelial cells can change structure and function to
adapt to a changing local environment
Term
Diffuse Neuroendocrine System (DNES)
Definition
1. Secrete peptide hormones or biogenic amines.
2. Secretions generally act on cells in the local area.
3. Found in a variety of locations (gut and respiratory)
Term
Argentaffin/argyrophil cells
Definition
DNES cells that stain with
silver salts.
Term
Enteroendocrine cells
Definition
DNES cells in the gut
Term
APUD cells
Definition
DNES cells that take up and decarboxylate
amine precursors (Amine Precursor Uptake and
Decarboxylation)
-makes seratonin
Term
Myoepithelial cells
Definition
1. Stellate or spindle-shaped cells that surround acini of multicellular
glands (such as the mammary gland) helping to expel secretory products
by contracting and squeezing the acini. 2. They are located between the
basal lamina and the acinar cells.
3. Myoepithelial cell markers are
rarely found in mammary glands that have become malignant.
Term
Adenocarcinoma
Definition
more specific term for cancer derived from glandular epithelium.
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