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Definition
| measure compares one part of the distrubution to another part of the distribution or to the entire population, |
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Definition
| relative magnitude of 2 quaantities or a comparison of any two values. calculated by dividing one interval or variable by another. the numerator and denominator need not be related. Ratio are common descriptive measures and analytic tools. |
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Definition
| # of deaths attributed to a particular disease during a specified period divided by the number of new cases of that disease identified during the same period. used as a measure of the severity of illness. |
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Definition
| common descriptive measures. Calculated: number of persons with a particular characteristic divided by the total number of persons of which the numerator is a subset. The numerator is always a subset of the denominator. |
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Definition
| useful for comparing different disease frequency in different locations,at different times. a rate is a measure of risk.calculated as an expression of proportion. |
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Definition
| the ocurrence of new cases of disease in a populatin over a specified period of time. Incidence rate iscalcualted as the # of new cases during a specified time divided by total time of all persons observed. |
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Term
Incidence
Proportion:
Rate: |
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Definition
occurrence of new cases of diseas over a specified period of time.
Proportion is # of new cases dring specified perido divided by size of populaiton at start of period
Rate:# of new cases of diesease during specified period divided by time each person was observed totaled for all persons (demonimator is the sum of the time each person was observed, totaled for all persons-the total time pop was at risk). rate describes how quickly disease occurs in a population. |
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Definition
| proportion of persons in a populatio who have a particular diswease at a specificed poiint in time (differs from incidence in that prevalence includes all cases both new and preexisting)Calculated: # of new and pre-existing cases during a given time period, divided by populaitn during the same time period. Prevelence is often measured for chronic diseases. |
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Definition
| measure of the frequency of occurrence of death i a defined populatin during a specified interal. calcualted: #deaths occurring during a given time perido, divided by the size of the populatin among which the deaths occurred. |
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Definition
| # fo deaths attributed to a particular disease during a specified time period divided by # of new cases of that disease identified during the same time period. |
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Definition
| describes the proportion of deaths in a specified populaitn over a period of time attributable to different causes. Each cause is expressed as a percentage of all deaths, and the sum of the causes must add to 100%. calculated: deaths caused by a particular cause, divided by deaths from all causes. the comparison of 2 proportionate mortalities is called a poroortionate mortality ratio (PMR) |
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Term
| Years of ptential life lost (YPLL) |
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Definition
| measure of the impact of premature mortality of a population. calculated: the sum of the differences between a predertermined end point and the ages of death of those who died before that end point. commonly used end points are age 65 and average life expectancy. calculated: 1. decide end point.2.exclude all who died at or after end point.3. calculate each person YPLL by subtracting the age at death from the end point.4. sum the individual YPLL's |
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Definition
| represents years of potential life lost per 1,000 population below the end point age. used to compare premature mortality in different population. calculated: years of potential life lost, divided by population under age 65 |
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Term
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Definition
| also called relative risk. compares the risk of a health event among one group with the risk among another group. calculated: risk of disease (incidence proportion, attack rate) in a group of primary interest, divided by risk of disease in a comparison group. a risk rate of 1 indicates identical risk. greater thatn 1 indicates an increased risk for the group in the numerator. |
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Definition
| compares the incidence rates, person-time rates, or mortality rates of 2 groups. calculated: rate for group of primary interest, dived by rate for comparison group. |
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